Operational Evaluation of the Quantitative Precipitation Estimation by a CINRAD-SA Dual Polarization Radar System

In this paper, the quantitative precipitation estimation based on hydrometeor classification (HCA-QPE) algorithm was proposed for the first operational S band dual-polarization radar promoted by the CINRAD/SA radar of China. The HCA-QPE algorithm, the localized Colorado State University-Hydrometeor Identification of Rainfall (CSU-HIDRO) and Joint Polarization Experiment (JPOLE) algorithms, and the dynamic Z-R relationships based on variational correction QPE (DRVC-QPE) algorithm were evaluated with the rainfall events from March 1 to October 30, 2017 in the Guangdong Province. The results indicated that even though the HCA-QPE algorithm did not use the observed rainfall data for correction, its estimation accuracy was better than that of the DRVC-QPE algorithm when the rainfall rate was greater than 5mm h^(-1); and the stronger the rainfall intensity, the greater the QPE improvement. And the HCA-QPE algorithm worked better than the localized CSU-HIDRO and JPOLE algorithms. This study preliminarily verified the improved accuracy of QPE by a dual-polarization radar system modified from CINRAD-SA radar.     

云南地区背景噪声层析成像

选取云南省区域台网46个地震台从2007年11月—2009年10月的宽频带噪声数据, 通过互相关方法获得经验格林函数, 采用自适应时频分析方法获取相速度频散曲线, 并且反演得到8—40 s的相速度分布图. 研究结果表明： 云南地区短周期相速度低速异常与地表断裂带分布和沉积层厚度密切相关; 在短周期相速度分布图上, 红河断裂南北段呈现差异, 表明红河断裂南北段周边介质存在物性差异, 这可能是造成地震活动南北差异的主要原因; 长周期相速度分布图显示, 红河断裂和小江断裂带存在低速异常, 可能是切穿地壳的超壳断裂, 该低速异常可能与深部热作用有关; 红河断裂和小江断裂带交汇地区存在高速异常, 该高速异常体对川滇块体深部介质向南运动可能起到了阻挡的作用. 本文结果为下一步反演云南地区的三维剪切波速度结构奠定了基础.     

一种两步抗差估计的设计及其解算

抗差估计的关键是选择适当的权函数和合理的调制因子,针对这两个重要问题,在研究当前调制因子取值方法的基础之上,提出了可动性调制因子这一新概念,并基于可动性调制因子、IGG方案权函数,设计了两步抗差估计。两步抗差估计解决了抗差估计中传统的调制因子、方差因子、初值三者取值时存在的一系列问题,尤其当三者取值不能协调配制时出现的秩亏问题,从而使抗差估计方法更具有实际意义和广泛意义。     

利用最小二乘的雷达干涉PS相位解缠方法

常规DInSAR技术中,时空失相关及大气廷迟等因素的影响限制了相位解缠结果的精度.永久散射体(PS) InSAR方法间接克服了常规雷达干涉中的时空失相关问题,单独对PS这种高相干目标进行相位解缠可以避免失相关噪声对解缠结果的影响.本文在已有相位解缠方法的基础上,提出基于最小二乘的稀疏PS点相位解缠方法,陈述了相应的建模思想及相关数据处理方法;分别基于模拟数据和真实数据(日本ALOS卫星获取的PALSAR L波段数据)对所提方法进行了实验验证.结果表明,该方法能够有效地对PS数据集进行相位解缠.     

基于逆算子估计的AVO反演方法研究

传统反演算法以优化算法为主,而基于逆算子估计的AVO反演算法则利用了直接求逆的思路.算法的关键在于寻找存在逆函数的子域,进而可以在子域内直接求逆,这种解决反问题的思路不同于一般的优化类算法所采用的直接搜索解的方式,具有更高的效率.AVO反演利用了振幅随着偏移距的变化特征,反演的精度受到地震资料质量的影响,通过加入L1范数约束以及合理的初始模型有助于提高反演的稳定性以及准确度.模型测算和实际应用表明,基于逆算子估计的AVO反演方法具有较高的精确程度和可靠性.     

三峡库区范家坪滑坡地表形变InSAR监测与综合分析

位于湖北省秭归县的范家坪滑坡是长江三峡库区干流上的大型岩质滑坡之一。阐述了高分辨率合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(InSAR)监测滑坡地表形变的工作方法与技术体系,采用22景3m空间分辨率的TerraSAR-X数据,辅以人工反射体布设和GPS测量,对范家坪滑坡变形进行监测,发现滑坡处在缓慢匀速变形状态,其谭家河滑坡体的形变比木鱼包滑坡体更为强烈,形变最大处的雷达视线向形变速率达到300mm/a。通过综合分析滑坡区2012年大气降雨和长江水位资料,发现年度内范家坪滑坡变形受水位变化和大气降雨影响微弱。     

A Comparison of De-noising Methods for Differential Phase Shift and Associated Rainfall Estimation

Measured differential phase shift ΦDP is known to be a noisy unstable polarimetric radar variable, such that the quality of ΦDP data has direct impact on specific differential phase shift KDP estimation, and subsequently, the KDP-based rainfall estimation. Over the past decades, many ΦDP de-noising methods have been developed; however, the de-noising effects in these methods and their impact on KDP-based rainfall estimation lack comprehensive comparative analysis. In this study, simulated noisy ΦDP data were generated and de-noised by using several methods such as finite-impulse response(FIR), Kalman, wavelet,traditional mean, and median filters. The biases were compared between KDP from simulated and observedΦDP radial profiles after de-noising by these methods. The results suggest that the complicated FIR, Kalman,and wavelet methods have a better de-noising effect than the traditional methods. After ΦDP was de-noised,the accuracy of the KDP-based rainfall estimation increased significantly based on the analysis of three actual rainfall events. The improvement in estimation was more obvious when KDP was estimated with ΦDP de-noised by Kalman, FIR, and wavelet methods when the average rainfall was heavier than 5 mm h-1.However, the improved estimation was not significant when the precipitation intensity further increased to a rainfall rate beyond 10 mm h-1. The performance of wavelet analysis was found to be the most stable of these filters.     

歧口凹陷深层地震岩石物理特征分析及应用

为明确歧口凹陷深层的岩石物理及AVO响应特征,分析歧口地区全波测井资料,优选该区敏感岩石物理参数;根据分岩性拟合求取纵横波转换经验公式,并采用流体置换原理进行叠前地震道集正演后提取AVO属性.结果表明:泊松比、纵横波速度比为该区有利储层预测的敏感参数,含气砂岩与含水砂岩的数值范围差异明显;歧口深层AVO响应特征可划分为3类:第一类是与气层相对应的反射振幅随着偏移距的增大而负向急剧增大;第二类是与油气同层相对应的反射振幅随着偏移距的增大而负向缓慢增大;第三类是与油水层及干层相对应的反射振幅随着偏移距的增大而负向减小.该结果可为歧口凹陷深层开展流体预测可行性提供依据.