国际监测系统(IMS)对内华达地区地震事件的检测和定位能力分析

通过对国际数据中心(IDC)审议地震公报(REB)与美国先进的国家地震系统(ANSS)地震目录的比较,分析了国际监测系统(IMS)对美国内华达地区地震事件的检测和定位能力,以及影响监测结果的主要因素.结果表明,对内华达地区的地震事件,IMS最低可检测mb为2.1的地震事件.对M＞4.5的地震事件,IMS可以全部检测;对...     

Accuracy assessment of four cloud-free snow cover products over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Four up-to-date daily cloud-free snow products – IMS (Interactive Multisensor Snow products), MOD-SSM/I (combination of the MODIS and SSM/I snow products), MOD-B (Blending method basing on the MODIS snow cover products) and TAI (Terra–Aqua–IMS) – with high-resolutions over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) were comprehensively assessed. Comparisons of the IMS, MOD-SSM/I, MOD-B and TAI cloud-free snow products against meteorological stations observations over 10 snow seasons (2004–2013) over the QTP indicated overall accuracies of 76.0%, 89.3%, 92.0% and 92.0%, respectively. The K_hat values of the IMS, MOD-SSM/I, MOD-B and TAI products were 0.084, 0.463, 0.428 and 0.526, respectively. The TAI products appear to have the best cloud-removal ability among the four snow products over the QTP. Based on the assessment, an I-TAI (Improvement of Terra–Aqua–IMS) snow product was proposed, which can improve the accuracy to some extent. However, the algorithms of the MODIS series products show instability when identifying wet snow and snow under forest cover over the QTP. The snow misclassification is an important limitation of MODIS snow cover products and requires additional improvements.     

测绘成果档案快速提供系统的设计及实现

测绘成果档案的内容复杂、种类繁多。同时,测绘成果档案又是国家经济建设的基础保障。如何有效、规范地管理,如何准确、快速地向社会提供成果是测绘成果档案部门亟待解决的问题。本文设计实现的测绘成果档案快速提供系统提供了一些解决方案。     

基于IMS的气象信息传输智能语音通知系统设计与实现

目前气象信息传输监视工作主要依靠人工拨号辅助发送短信的方式将异常信息通知到台站,该方式的特点是对多个台站串行通知,及时性不足。介绍一种基于IMS的智能语音通知系统的设计与实现过程,包括系统硬件架构、软件系统设计。与基于语音板卡的方案相比,硬件架构以多媒体交换机为核心,以移动IMS为支撑,实现了TTS 4路并行转换、30路语音通道并发外呼;软件系统采用B/S和C/S相结合的方式来设计：C/S负责气象通信业务中异常信息的采集和语音通知的发送,B/S负责语音信息的显示、统计和分析。应用结果表明,该系统运行稳定可靠,体现了智能语音告警通知的优势。     

基于Web GIS的土地交易信息系统

地理信息系统与网络结合形成的W eb GIS是目前GIS发展的一个重要方向。该文在分析W eb GIS的特点和ArcV iew IMS(InternetMap Server)工作原理的基础上,提出了基于ArcV iew IMS平台的土地交易信息系统,为现代化土地交易市场的建设提供了一个很好的解决方案。     

比较三种不同的因特网空间数据发布方法

利用DIAL(Data and Information Access Link)、Jshape和IMS(Intemet Map Server)等3种WebGIS工具分别发布黑河流域数字高程、土地利用等专题数据,并在此基础上对3种方法进行对比,探讨因特网环境下空间数据发布的最佳方法.通过对这3种空间数据发布方法的比较,我们得出以下结论:MapObject IMS是发布ArcView shape格式和Arc/INFO Coverage格式矢量图的最佳工具,对于网格数据的发布无能为力;Jshape适合于发布小数据量、简单的矢量图;DIAL工具能很好的支持网格数据的空间发布,支持HDF数据格式,并且支持元数据.所以,DIAL是一种理想的空间数据发布工具.     

Impact of Ocean-Continent Distribution over Southern Asia on the Formation of Summer Monsoon

Using the CCM3/NCAR, a series of numerical experiments are designed to explore the effect of ocean-land interlaced distributions of Africa-Arabian Sea-India Peninsula-Bay of Bengal (BOB)-Indo-China Peninsula-South China Sea on the formation of the Asian summer monsoon circulation (ASMC). The results show that the thermal difference between African or Indian Subcontinent and nearby areas including the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and part of BOB is the primary mechanism that maintains the Indian monsoon circulation. In the experiment getting rid of these two continents, the Indian monsoon system (IMS) members, i.e., the Somali cross-equatorial jet (40°E) and the southwesterly monsoon over the Arabian Sea and BOB, almost disappear. Moreover, the Hadley circulation weakens dominantly. It also proves that Africa has greater effect than Indian Subcontinent on the IMS. However, the existence of Indo-China Peninsula and Australia strengthens the East Asian monsoon system (EAMS). The thermal contrast between Indo-China Peninsula and SCS, Australia and western Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the formation of the tropical monsoon to the south of the EAMS. When the Indo-China Peninsula is masked in the experiment, the cross-equatorial flow (105°E and 125°E) vanishes, so does the southwesterly monsoon usually found over East Asia, and EAMS is enfeebled significantly. In addition, the impacts of these thermal contrasts on the distribution of the summer precipitation and surface temperature are investigated.     

中国稳定积雪区IMS雪冰产品精度评价

IMS雪冰产品由多种光学与微波传感器数据融合而成,提供北半球每日无云的积雪范围,在积雪遥感研究中具有广阔的前景. 以气象站实测雪深数据为真值,检验了2009-2010年IMS雪冰产品在中国三大稳定积雪区北疆、东北、青藏高原地区每月、积雪季以及全年的误判率、漏判率和总体准确率,并分析了IMS雪冰产品的准确率与雪深之间的关系. 结果显示：IMS雪冰产品的年总体准确率在三大积雪区均超过了92%,积雪季总体准确率均超过了88%,利用IMS雪冰产品监测积雪范围是可靠的. 然而,IMS雪冰产品精度具有区域差异性,北疆地区在1月和2月误判率偏高,青藏高原地区积雪季有严重的漏判现象. IMS雪冰产品的准确率在东北地区和北疆地区随着雪深的增加而升高,当东北地区雪深超过6 cm,北疆地区超过13 cm时,准确率接近100%,但是,青藏高原地区两者基本没有关系. 通过在青藏高原地区与同时相的4景MODIS积雪产品对比分析发现,实际上IMS雪冰产品相对地高估了积雪面积,青藏高原地区漏判率高其原因是IMS对零碎积雪的识别能力不足并且气象站分布不均匀.     

台阵地震学方法及在中国IMS台阵的应用研究

中国的地震台阵建设与发展比国外晚了几十年.目前国内地震台阵正在不断地建设,而缺少的就是台阵技术,如能够把已有的台阵技术应用到我国的台阵中,就可以让台阵发挥它们应有的价值.作者根据国外的参考文献主要讨论了台阵地震学的主要技术方法并把这些方法应用到中国的IMS台阵,并给出了应用实例.结果表明,地震台阵使我们对地下结构的研究更加精细,使我们对微弱信号的识别更加轻松.如果我国现有台阵都能应用台阵地震学技术将对我国地震学和地球物理学的发展起到很大的推动作用.