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101.
A tangential wind profile for simulating strong tropical cyclones with MM5   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
A new tangential wind profile for simulating strong tropical cyclones is put forward and planted into the NCARAFWA tropical cyclone bogussing scheme in MM5. The scheme for the new profile can make full use of the information from routine typhoon reports, including not only the maximum wind, but also the additional information of the wind speeds of 25.7 and 15.4 ms^-1 and their corresponding radii, which are usually provided for strong cyclones. Thus, the new profile can be used to describe the outer structure of cyclones more accurately than by using the earlier scheme of MM5 in which only the maximum wind speed is considered. Numerical experimental forecasts of two strong tropical cyclones are performed to examine the new profile. Results show that by using the new profile the prediction of both cyclones‘ intensity can be obviously improved, but the effects on the track prediction of the two cyclones are different. It seems that the new profile might be more suitable for strong cyclones with shifted tracks. However, the conclusion is drawn from only two typhoon cases, so more cases are needed to evaluate the new profile.  相似文献   
102.
张淑云  何平 《岩矿测试》1997,16(4):313-315
在030mol/LHAc介质中,Pb(Ⅱ)与7_碘_8_羟基喹啉_5_磺酸(试铁灵,Feron)的络合物于-054V(vs.SCE)产生一尖锐的极谱波,加入溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)显著增敏,可使极谱波增高约4倍。峰电流与Pb(Ⅱ)浓度在96×10-9~48×10-6mol/L呈良好的线性关系,检出限为48×10-9mol/L。用多种电化学方法研究了该极谱波的性质及电极反应机理表明,络合物组成比为nPb(Ⅱ)∶nFeron=1∶1,极谱波为吸附波,峰电流由中心离子Pb(Ⅱ)还原产生,电子转移数为2。试验了多种离子对峰电流的影响,拟定的方法用于矿样分析,结果与原结果相符。  相似文献   
103.
介绍基于LPS的正射影像处理流程,以图文的形式描述区域网平差处理Spot-5卫星影像的具体过程,最后得到正射纠正影像,用于1∶50 000DOM生产。  相似文献   
104.
Four case studies are described, from a three-site field experiment in October/November 1991 using the Great Dun Fell flow-through reactor hill cap cloud in rural Northern England. Measurements of total odd-nitrogen nitrogen oxides (NO y ) made on either side of the hill, before and after the air flowed through the cloud, showed that 10 to 50% of the NO y , called NO z , was neither NO nor NO2. This NO z failed to exhibit a diurnal variation and was often higher after passage through cloud than before. No evidence of conversion of NO z to NO3 - in cloud was found. A simple box model of gas-phase chemistry in air before it reached the cloud, including scavenging of NO3 and N2O5 by aerosol of surface area proportional to the NO2 mixing ratio, shows that NO3 and N2O5 may build up in the boundary layer by night only if stable stratification insulates the air from emissions of NO. This may explain the lack of evidence for N2O5 forming NO3 - in cloud under well-mixed conditions in 1991, in contrast with observations under stably stratified conditions during previous experiments when evidence of N2O5 was found. Inside the cloud, some variations in the calculated total atmospheric loading of HNO2 and the cloud liquid water content were related to each other. Also, indications of conversion of NO x to NO z were found. To explain these observations, scavenging of NO x and HNO2 by cloud droplets and/or aqueous-phase oxidation of NO2 - by nitrate radicals are considered. When cloud acidity was being produced by aqueous-phase oxidation of NO x or SO2, NO3 - which had entered the cloud as aerosol particles was liberated as HNO3 vapour. When no aqueous-phase production of acidity was occurring, the reverse, conversion of scavenged HNO3 to particulate NO3 -, was observed.  相似文献   
105.
106.
Abstract

Sea-level allowances at 22 tide-gauge sites along the east coast of Canada are determined based on projections of regional sea-level rise for the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) from the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5) and on the statistics of historical tides and storm surges (storm tides). The allowances, which may be used for coastal infrastructure planning, increase with time during the twenty-first century through a combination of mean sea-level rise and the increased uncertainty of future projections with time. The allowances show significant spatial variation, mainly a consequence of strong regionally varying relative sea-level change as a result of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). A methodology is described for replacement of the GIA component of the AR5 projection with global positioning system (GPS) measurements of vertical crustal motion; this significantly decreases allowances in regions where the uncertainty of the GIA models is large. For RCP8.5 with GPS data incorporated and for the 1995–2100 period, the sea-level allowances range from about 0.5?m along the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence to more than 1?m along the coast of Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.  相似文献   
107.
在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游第一次步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中crtO基因的3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列1.1kb,1.9kb和2.2kb。利用生物信息学方法分别预测并比较了这3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列,结果发现,三者具有与高等植物相类似的顺式作用元件,如脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G1-box,GAG-motif,l-boxand ATC—motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE)等等,但是三者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中crtO基因调控方式的多样化。  相似文献   
108.
A liquid jet of 90 m diameter and variable length has been utilized to determine absorption rates and, hence, mass accommodation coefficients , of atmospheric trace gases. The compounds investigated are HCl (0.01), HNO3 (0.01), N2O5 (0.005), peroxyacetyl nitrate (>0.001), and HONO (0.005). It is concluded that the absorption of these trace gases by liquid atmospheric water is not significantly retarded by interfacial mass transport. The strengths and limitations of the liquid jet technique for measuring mass accommodation coefficients are explored.  相似文献   
109.
深州井水位日常观测中,经常会因为仪器供电不稳、雷击等原因出现一些幅度很大的脉冲、突跳及数据缺测,严重影响了观测资料的内在质量。本文采用数字信号处理技术[1]对深州井水位资料进行分析处理,首先使用分段线性插值法对缺测数据进行插值处理,然后用快速傅里叶变换对水位数据进行频谱分析,绘制振幅谱,分析水位数据中的不同周期成分,选取恰当的截止频率进行滤波处理,去除了干扰,获得了井水位的变化动态,提高了资料质量。最后应用滤波后的水位数据做一些震例分析。  相似文献   
110.
本文通过建立内方位自检校模型,利用定向片模型对外方位元素进行内插建模,建立了基于定向片模型的自检校光束法平差,研究不同控制点数量和不同定向片间隔对定位精度的影响,并利用河南嵩山地区SPOT-5遥感影像数据对模型进行了实验验证和分析,结果表明,平面精度可以达到10.06m,高程精度可以达到8.84m.  相似文献   
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