山城金矿1号矿脉元素组合的时空特征

山城金矿为石英脉型金矿,受断裂构造控制。本文以多种地质、地球化学信息为基础,讨论该矿元素组合及其时空分布。结果表明,元素组合与一定成矿阶段和构造空间对应,并有一定载体,其中第一阶段元素组合与构造面倾角变化有关,栽体主要为石英脉,主成矿阶段元素组合与构造面走向扭动有关,载体主要为多金属矿化,进而查明了各阶段指示元素和矿体延伸方向。同时讨论了元素指示意义的局限性。     

拟弱收敛与集值增算子的不动点

证明了有序Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间（Ｅ,Ｐ）肿,拟弱收敛（简称ＱＷ收敛）,但不弱收敛序列的存在性,获得了集值增算子的不动点,推广了最近有关结果。     

AMERICAN ROADS,ROADSIDE AMERICA*

ABSTRACT. Federal support for planning and building roads provided an opportunity to create a new kind of place, the American roadside. The roadside grew up beside the public road as a distinct private space, yet the two were linked as road travelers came to depend on the services provided by people who lived at the road's edge. Federal road-improvement legislation brought discipline to the surveying, construction, and configuration of roads. But roadside structures remained largely the creation of local people, who built a vernacular landscape that was undisciplined and in strong contrast to the road's regimentation. The roadside became a new kind of space occupying the unstable zone between the discipline of the road and the informality of the countryside, a spatial contradiction that gave license to a new, free-wheeling, mercantile logic, an improvisational departure from the staid formality of Main Street.     

氟碳铈矿和氟铈矿晶体结构的精确测定

用强功率四圆单晶衍射仪精确地修正了氟碳铈矿和氟铈矿的晶体结构．氟碳铈矿（ｂａｓｔｎａｅｓｉｔｅ，Ｃｅ（ＣＯ３）Ｆ）属六方晶系，其晶胞参数为：ａ＝０．７１４３８（９）ｎｍ，ｃ＝０．９８０８（２）ｎｍ，γ＝１２０°，Ｚ＝６，空间群Ｐ６－２ｃ．使用３６７个（Ｆ≥３σ（Ｆ））独立衍射点，经多轮最小二乘法修正后，最终获得偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０４９９．氟碳铈矿的晶体结构特征表现为［ＣＯ３］平面三角形平行ｃ轴分布，铈的配位数为９，Ｃｅ－Ｏ（Ｆ）平均键长为０．２５１５ｎｍ，Ｃ－Ｏ平均键长０．１３２７ｎｍ，每个氟原子与周围三个铈原子相连．氟铈矿（ｆｌｕｏｃｅｒｉｔｅ，ＣｅＦ３）属六方晶系，其晶胞参数为：ａ＝０．７１４１２（２１）ｎｍ，ｃ＝０．７２９８９（２１）ｎｍ，γ＝１２０°，Ｚ＝６．其空间群为：Ｐ３－ｃ１（Ｎｏ．１６５）．使用３２１个（Ｆ≥３σ（Ｆ）））独立衍射点，经多轮最小二乘法修正后，最终获得偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０５４２．氟铈矿的晶体结构表现为每个氟原子与周围三个铈原子相连接，每个铈原子与周围９个氟原子相连，铈的配位数为９，Ｃｅ－Ｆ平均键长为０．２４６８ｎｍ．     

Banach空间中二阶微分包含的解

本文给出了弱序列完备Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中二阶微分包含的解的存在性定理，推广了文献［１］中结果到集值情形。同时，由于利用已有的定理［２］，简化了类似文献［１］中的证明     

On the sensitivity of the location, size and shape of the GPS ambiguity search space to certain changes in the stochastic model

In this contribution we analyse in a qualitative sense for the geometry-free model the dependency of the location, the size and the shape of the ambiguity search space on different factors of the stochastic model. For this purpose a rather general stochastic model is used. It includes time-correlation, cross-correlation, satellite elevation dependency and the use of an a priori weighted ionospheric model, having the ionosphere-fixed model and the ionosphere-float model as special cases. It is shown that the location is invariant for changes in the cofactor matrix of the phase observables. This also holds true for the cofactor matrix of the code observables in the ionosphere-float case. As for time-correlation and satellite elevation dependency, it is shown that they only affect the size of the search space, but not its shape and orientation. It is also shown that the least-squares ambiguities, their variance matrix and its determinant, for, respectively, the ionosphere-fixed model, the ionosphere-float model and the ionosphere-weighted model, are all related through the same scalar weighted mean, the weight of which is governed by the variance ratio of the ionospheric delays and the code observables. A closed-form expression is given for the area of the search space in which all contributing factors are easily recognized. From it one can infer by how much the area gets blown up when the ionospheric spatial decorrelation increases. This multiplication factor is largest when one switches from the ionosphere-fixed model to the ionosphere-float model, in which case it is approximately equal to the ratio of the standard deviation of phase with that of code. The area gives an indication of the number of grid points inside the search space. Received: 11 November 1996 / Accepted: 21 March 1997     

知识经济时代的地理综合研究

２１世纪科学技术和知识将取代资本与劳动成为经济增长和社会发展的主导因子。知识经济时代所需求的经济增长方式，资本、信息、资源的配置格局，以及生命支撑系统的服务功能将与工业时代有很大的不同。这些变化对地理学综合研究大发展既是挑战又是机遇。本文从地理学综合研究的迫切性入手，分析了在知识经济时代综合研究的不同层次及可能涉及的领域。在此基础上，提出了地理学综合研究应在四个方面进一步深化和革新以适应知识经济时代的需求：①拓展地理综合研究的空间；②构建要素综合的非均衡观；③充分考虑科技和知识对自然和社会经济系统的强势作用；④逐步整合社会经济系统和自然环境系统。     

单键群方法与昆仑山—阿尔金山弧型构造顶部地震时空群集特征

本文以单键群分析方法为基础，进行以下研究；１．对一个地区的地震目录进行分析得到特征键开，并用其对该区地震的时空群集性和离散性进行分析，进而建立分类子目录，以便作针对性的细致处理；２．定义了几个描述ＳＬＣ构架特点的参数，发展和实现了按时间逐段滑移计算ＳＬＣ构架和这些参数的办法及程序，考察这些参数随时间的变化；３．用以上各软件处理昆仑山阿尔金山弧型顶部区域的地震目录，得到了一些有意义的结果。     

中国天山花岗岩类的时空分布及构造意义

天山花岗岩类具明显的时空分带特征,以古生代最为明显.它们可分为:1.中天山南缘中加里东期花岗岩带:2.中天山北缘晚加里东期花岗岩带;3.中天山南缘早华力西期花岗岩带;4.中天山北缘中华力西期花岗岩带;5.马宗山南缘晚华力西期花岗岩带;6.南天山南坡晚华力西期花岗岩带.在时空上,花岗岩类在中天山陆壳南、北缘呈交替分布的格局,显示出与天山陆壳南、北张合呼应、交替演化的和谐一致关系.中天山花岗岩类是几个地槽主旋回的产物.天山花岗岩带与蛇绿岩带成“对”分布,沿“中天山南缘深断裂”,及“中国天山主干断裂”两侧延伸,二者互相平行.天山花岗岩类是多成因的.分为洋壳重熔型、陆壳重熔型及洋壳陆壳混合重熔型花岗岩.