利用随机相位编码法恢复多普勒天气雷达二次回波

多普勒速度对分析和预报强对流天气,特别是中尺度气旋、龙卷等过程至关重要,但受多普勒基本原理的限制,天气雷达在提高最大不模糊速度的同时,必然导致速度探测范围减小,进而带来二次甚至多次回波的干扰。为缓解多普勒两难问题,本文基于CINRAD/SA天气雷达体扫模式利用随机相位编码方法恢复二次回波,拓展速度有效探测范围。实例证明随机相位编码方法能够恢复最强的两次回波,滤除其他次弱回波,大大提高了低仰角速度场有效数据的获取率,缓解固定相位下二次回波解模糊算法的局限性造成的距离模糊紫区问题。     

PPGIS approach for defining multimodal travel thresholds: Accessibility of popular recreation environments by the water

It is essential to ensure equal accessibility to services, such as sport and recreation facilities or green and water environments. Differences in accessibility can potentially cause negative health and social welfare implications. Accessibility and service area analyses from the perspective of access equality are typically rather simple. They are often based on arbitrary travel-distance thresholds and made only with a single mode of transport in mind. Thus, they exclude the multidimensional nature of accessibility where individuals' travel behavior and perceived accessibility also play an important role. In this paper, a PPGIS method was used to empirically investigate distances and durations that respondents travel with different modes of transport to access popular water environments. Service area analyses were built on person-based and objectively measured threshold values that not only take into account the spatio-temporal elements of transport networks and a land use component but also recognize the requirements and preferences of individuals and their capacity to access and participate. The results showed that the most common mode of transport to access waters is walking. Generally, the residents travel by foot for 1.7 km to access water environments. Cars were found as the second most common mode of transport used, and most of the popular water environments are accessible by car from every corner of the study area in a given travel threshold time. The results demonstrate the importance of deriving local parameters and the potential of the PPGIS approach for accessibility and service area delineation.     

Extending the conversation on socially engaged geographic visualization: representing spatial inequality in Buffalo,New York

This paper is situated at the intersections among GIS and geovisualization, critical social theory, and urban studies. It presents an analysis of housing segregation and unequal food and transportation access in Buffalo, New York. We demonstrate how the representation and examination of this socially complex multi-scalar issue benefits from deliberate, reflexive conversation between different critical social-spatial epistemologies. We begin with a relatively simple GIS analysis of spatial segregation and arrive through critical iteration at a more qualitatively nuanced cartogram which moves beyond representations of fixed space to reveal a much more relational situation—a case of “time-space expansion” in which the travel time needed to meet a basic daily need is much greater for the poor and people of color than it is for whiter, more affluent populations. We conclude by infusing this narrative with additional considerations from social theory to show how even a limited visualization such as ours might better critically engage broader social and discursive processes in and across urban space.     

警用空间大数据区位标识方法及其应用

警用空间大数据为警务工作的开展提供了丰富的决策依据,但也带来了一些挑战,如大数据整合复杂、多尺度信息关联困难、区位标识不唯一等,不利于警务改革的深入发展。本文提出了基于区域的位置标识方法来解决存在的问题,方法基于剖分网格设计了警用空间大数据的区位编码方法,并以户籍的区位标识为例进行说明,最后对其应用进行了展望,从而为警用空间大数据的有效组织和高效应用等提供了一种新的解决思路。     

一种有效的多尺度时间段剖分方法与整数编码计算

围绕现有时间段编码存在的问题与现状,提出了一种时间段剖分编码方法:多尺度时间段的整数编码(multi-scale time segment integer coding,MTSIC)。该方法通过整数间形成的树状结构和大小排序,体现了不同尺度时间段间的先后、包含/被包含、相交等时间关系,最终实现了对多种尺度时间的统一整数编码化处理。在此基础上,还研究了MTSIC的时间关系的计算方法,用以支持基于时间段剖分的高效计算与查询,并初步探讨了MTSIC的应用方法与前景。试验表明,MTSIC的实现方便可靠,与传统方法转换便捷,在查询计算等方面具有很高的效率     

基于ETM+影像的绿地信息提取方法研究

文中以ETM+影像为数据源实现对贵阳市某城区的绿地信息提取。对获取的影像进行预处理,分别通过不同的方法:原始波段组合法、主成分分析法(PCA)、独立分量分析法(ICA)、归一化植被指数法(NDVI)及基于第一独立分量的实验室波段组合法,获取研究区的假彩色合成影像。将以上方法得到的影像数据进行对比分析,表明植被景观目视效果最好的是原始波段组合法。将得到的影像数据进行监督分类,通过目视解译的方法进行精度评价,结果表明,基于第一独立分量的实验室波段组合法绿地信息提取精度最高,是一种有效的绿地信息提取方法。     

基于空间句法的游憩地客流量分析——以长沙市为例

休闲农庄拥有充足客流量是其生存和发展的根本,对影响因素与客流量的关系进行量化,能够为休闲农庄的发展规划、经营决策、选址和集群化发展提供数据支持。针对现有研究采用定性的方法探讨休闲农庄规划及管理中存在的问题,该文通过专家访谈法获取影响农庄客流量的两个关键因素为特色和交通,基于空间句法和GIS集成分析长沙市空间形态特征;通过集成度量化星级休闲农庄的交通条件,分析其与农庄的客流量的关系,并结合其他影响因素对农庄的持续发展提出优化措施。结果表明:休闲农庄的集成度与因交通而产生的客流量具有相关关系,集成度越高,客流量越大;结合空间句法分析结果和休闲农庄的经营数据进行综合分析,可发现城市各星级休闲农庄的优劣势,以引导其健康快速发展。     

陆态网测站高精度解算分区方案

中国大陆构造环境监测网络由260个连续全球定位系统观测站点和2 000个不定期全球定位系统观测站点构成,一般采用GAMIT或Bernese高精度数据处理软件进行处理。由于GAMIT及Bernese软件对测站数处理能力的限制,必须对陆态网连续运行基准站进行分区解算。针对这一问题,为研究不同分区方案对陆态网解算精度的影响,该文基于全国55个陆态网络连续运行基准站数据,采用整网解算方案以及间距分区法和区域子网划分法分别进行解算,并以整网解算结果作为标准值,对比两种分区方案与整网解算方案的基线长度差及坐标差。结果表明,间距分区方案解算精度比区域子网划分方案精度高,可实现对陆态网分区的高精度解算。最后利用间距分区法对全国240个陆态网络连续运行基准站进行分区解算,得到了较高精度的解算结果。     

Underwater Acoustic Communication Based on Pattern Time Delay Shift Coding Scheme

1 .Introduction Underwater acoustic (UWA) communicationis a fast developingfield,and its applicationis notlimitedto military affairs ,but is also extendinginto commercial fields .Catipovic (1990) ,Stojanovic(1996) and Kilfoyle and Baggeroer (2000) pointed…     

基于经验模式分解的希尔伯特变换包络提取在机械故障诊断中的应用

本文采用经验模式分解 (EMD)提取信号的内在模函数 (IMF) ,并利用希尔伯特变换对所得IMF进行包络分析 ,提取机械故障特征。与直接对原信号进行包络分析相比较 ,该方法提取的机械故障特征更明显。数值模拟和对故障轴承振动信号分析表明了该方法的有效性。