冀西北黄土梁金矿控矿构造分析及深部矿体预测

通过冀西北黄土梁金矿区成矿控矿构造的详细分析解剖，发现矿区成矿控矿构造为一铲状韧脆性剪切带。在该韧脆性剪切带上盘发育一系列与韧脆性剪切带呈入字型相交的近直立次级断裂。在一定的温度、压力等条件控制下，含矿流体沿韧性剪切带向上运移，并沿途萃取部分围岩中的成矿元素，在上盘断裂中沉淀、聚集成矿。因此，沿铲状韧脆性剪切带倾向方向深部仍有隐伏矿体，从深部布置的穿脉已打到新的盲矿体，且矿体厚大，前景可观。     

Sedimentology and palaeogeomorphology of four large valley systems incising delta plains, western Canada Foreland Basin: implications for mid-Cretaceous sea-level changes

The mid-Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation represents a delta complex deposited on a foreland basin ramp over about 2 my. The Dunvegan is divided into 10 transgressive–regressive allomembers, labelled J–A in ascending order, each defined by regional marine transgressive surfaces. Parasequences within allomembers show an aggradational to offlapping stacking pattern that reflects alternate generation and removal of accommodation. The upper surfaces of allomembers H–E are incised by extensive valley systems traceable for up to 320 km and over about 50 000 km². Valley depths range up to 41 m and can change significantly over short distances. However, the average depth of incision (mean 21 m) shows no systematic variation in longitudinal profiles and no evidence of headward shallowing. Valleys are typically 1–2 km wide, but locally widen to about 8 km. Widening is sometimes associated with confluence zones, but elsewhere it is not. Updip reaches of valleys are dominated by cross-bedded fluvial sandstone forming multistorey point-bar deposits. Sandstones contain widespread but uncommon paired carbonaceous drapes recognizable as tidal bundles. Inclined heterolithic stratification is locally well developed at the top of the valley fill. Downdip reaches of valleys, typically within 50 km of the lowstand shoreline, have a sandstone-dominated lower part and, locally, a mud-rich upper portion consisting of a variety of laminated heterolithic facies with a clear tidal signature. These heterolithic deposits may represent central basin, tidal flat, bayhead delta and point-bar environments. Valley filling took place mainly during the transgressive systems tract (TST) when tidally influenced environments migrated upvalley. Semi-diurnal tidal backwater effects extended at least 30 km landward of the regional maximum transgressive marine shoreline. The aggradational late TST and highstand systems tract (HST) includes deltaic and coastal plain deposits comprising lake and anastomosed river deposits that suggest a very low gradient (≈ 1:3000). Delta parasequences of the falling stage systems tract (FSST) offlap seaward and have no equivalent coastal plain deposits. The FSST has an average width of 60 km and an inferred gradient of 1:2500. The upper surfaces of the HST and FSST are extensively incised by valleys. The lowstand systems tract (LST) is subtly aggradational, lacks valleys and is characterized by large delta lobes fed by major distributaries. The width and inferred slope of the FSST, coupled with the thickness of aggradational TST and HST deposits on the coastal plain, suggest a vertical accommodation of about 35 m per transgressive event. About 11 m of this is attributed to isostatic subsidence resulting from water and sediment loads; the residual 24 m is attributed to eustatic rise. This sea-level change is of the same order of magnitude as the valley depths. The length of valleys, however, does not seem to be explicable solely in terms of downstream forcing by sea-level change, and an additional, upstream-forcing mechanism, possibly related to precipitation cycles in the Milankovitch band, might be inferred.     

Inundation and isolation: dynamics of phytoplankton communities in seasonal inundated flood plain waters of the Lower Odra Valley National Park — Northeast Germany

The flood plains of the Lower Odra are inundated in winter and spring and are desiccated in summer and autumn. Phytoplankton composition as well as its seasonal succession in permanent oxbows and separate lakes were investigated between 1993 and 1996. Solitary centric diatoms were the characteristic phytoplankton taxa of these flood plain waters. They dominated the main channel non-seasonally, the flood plains during the entire inundation phase and long periods of the isolation phase. Only during long phases of low mixing (maximal 1.5-2 months in summer) separate water bodies were dominated by Cyano- and/or Dinophyceae. This special feature of the Lower Odra Valley is explained by the Inundation-Isolation-Model of phytoplankton development influenced by inundation. Out of a high diverse algal spectrum of 495 taxa, specialities such as 9 endangered taxa and 6 halophilous taxa were discussed. Additionally, taxon specific cell-volumes and maxima of biovolumes were given.     

若尔盖高原与三江平原沼泽湿地CH4排放差异的主要环境影响因素

若尔盖高原沼泽湿地和三江平原沼泽湿地分别是我国面积最大的高原和平原淡水沼泽湿地.通过对二者常年积水的沼泽湿地CH4排放进行的同步观测,表明三江平原沼泽湿地CH4排放通量平均值是若尔盖高原的4.7倍.其中,若尔盖高原木里苔草沼泽的CH4排放通量范围是0.51～8.20 mg/(m2·h),平均值为2.87 mg/(m2·h);乌拉苔草沼泽CH4排放通量范围是0.36～10.04 mg/(m2·h),平均值为4.51 mg/(m2·h).三江平原毛果苔草沼泽湿地的CH4排放通量范围是1.32～46.38 mg/(m2·h),平均值为17.29 mg/(m2·h).水分条件和温度条件的不同是导致两地CH4排放产生差异的主要原因.在相同的温度条件下,土壤氧化还原状况对CH4排放有重要的影响.沼泽植物的种类和数量也对沼泽湿地CH4排放具有重要的作用.     

河北模型在岩溶地区洪水预报中的应用

岩溶地区有许多不闭合流域,其洪水预报问题较为特殊。将河北模型用于河北省的岩溶地区,取得了较好的效果。     

内蒙古辽冀金三角金矿床成矿探讨

内蒙古辽冀金三角是我 国五大金三角之一，它处于纬向构造体系与华夏构造体系复合区。聚矿中心是燕山与努鲁儿虎山的交接部位，两大构造体系复合程度高，岩浆活动强烈，Au源层广布，矿源充足，有7个金矿床密集区，金矿床达百余处 。原生金矿有含Au石英脉型、伴生金型、构造蚀变岩型、岩浆岩型及浸染型。次生金矿有氧化铁帽型及砂金。成矿远景可划分Ⅲ个级别，其中Ⅰ级区有突破巨型，Ⅱ级区将勘查到大－特大型金矿，Ⅲ级区会出现若干中小型金矿。     

冀西北石榴角闪二辉麻粒岩早期高压变质矿物组合的确定及其形成的温压条件——来自锆石中矿物包裹体的信息

采用激光拉曼、阴极发光和电子探针技术,确认冀西北石榴角闪二辉麻粒岩锆石中保存早期高压变质包体矿物组合:石榴石(Grt)+单斜辉石(Cpx)+斜长石(Pl)+石英(Qtz)+金红石(Rt)、单斜辉石(Cpx)+斜长石(Pl)+石英(Qtz)和石榴石(Grt)+单斜辉石(Cpx)+斜长石(Pl)+石英(Qtz)。其中少量锆石具有继承性锆石的核,而多数锆石则形成于高压麻粒岩相变质阶段。利用TWQ方法限定石榴角闪二辉麻粒岩锆石中所保存的高压包体矿物组合的变质温度条件为750～820℃,压力为1.07～1.40 GPa。该项研究成果对于如何识别高压麻粒岩以及深入研究其成因机制均具有重要的科学意义。     

EFFECTS OF FLOW INTENSITY, OBSTACLE ALIGNMENT AND CROSS-SECTION GEOMETRY ON SCOUR AT BRIDGE ABUTMENTS

1 INTRODUCTION Local scour at bridge piers and abutments has long concerned engineers. Scour depth estimation has attracted considerable research interest and activity, and a number of prediction methods exist at present (see, e.g., comprehensive lists of predictors given by Melville and Colleman, 2000). Several studies have been completed since the 1950s for the particular case of scour at bridge abutments. Since the beginning of the 1980s, the University of Auckland, New Zealand, …     

Research on paleoearthquakes in Jiuxian trenches across Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County of Beijing plain

An abundance of the phenomena of tectonic deformation and paleoseismic events of different times and their recurrent interval, as well as coseismic vertical displacements is exposed in Jiuxian trenches across the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County. The research result shows three paleoearthquakes occurring during the Holocene. They were dated as 10643 ± 250 a B.P.-9706 ± 1235 a B.P., 7894±150 a B.P.-7640 ± 650 a B.P., and 3987±100 a B.P.-3670 ± 310 a B.P., respectively. The coseismic vertical displacements are 1.0 m, 2.0 m, and 2.0 m, respectively. From a statistical formula of relation between historic earthquake magnitudes and surface seismic dislocations in North China, the magnitudes of these paleoearthquakes are inferred to be in a range from M 7.7 to M 7.9. The research shows that the Holocene fault activity in the plain can be traced in the trenches according to the micro-geomorphic features. Many micro-structural phenomena are also found in these trenches. Identification of the paleoearthquakes in the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone during the Holocene time is of significance for assessment of future seismic risk in Beijing area.     

阴山东段(冀北及冀晋内蒙古接壤地带)的太古宙地层问题讨论

在对区内太古宙地层的原岩性质、大的层序、同位素地质测年值的地质意义 (主要是 H2 O、CO2 流体作用在变质作用中能否造成同位素的开放及 TDM值能否反映为变质年龄 )等众多认识分歧进行剖析的基础上 ,将其自下而上划分为桑干岩群、集宁群、单塔子群、红旗营子群 (或称乌拉山群 ) ,其时代依次归属中太古代早期 (330 0—30 0 0 Ma)、晚期 (30 0 0— 2 80 0 Ma)及新太古代早期 (2 80 0— 2 6 5 0 Ma)、中期 (2 6 5 0— 2 5 6 0 Ma)