全站仪自由设站法精度分析及应用研究

为研究全站仪自由设站法的测量精度,分析三边交会、边角交会的原理,推导自由设站的坐标计算公式和精度评定计算模型,通过工程实例,对观测数据进行平差计算和成果分析。研究结果表明:自由设站法坐标计算模型正确,精度可靠,应用于变形监测能够满足精度要求,并且速度快、效率高,作业灵活,是一种实用而可靠的测量方法。     

基于曲面方程的三角形网格模型求交方法

在应用GIS不规则三角网的地层建模、表达和分析的研究过程中,会涉及到大量复杂的三角网格模型的求交运算。本文提出了一种基于曲面方程的三角形网格模型求交算法。该算法首先通过三维点要素,插值拟合出两个曲线方程,然后求解方程组获得交线方程,再将该交线分别投影到三角形网格上,获得顺序的投影三角形组,最后对两个三角形组做求交运算。该算法能快速有效地排除不相交三角形,同时,对候选三角形和三角形交线依次记录,大大减少了运算时间。     

Economic vulnerability to Peak Oil

Peak Oil, which refers to the maximum possible global oil production rate, is increasingly gaining attention in both science and policy discourses. However, little is known about how this phenomenon will impact economies, despite its apparent imminence and potential dangers. In this paper, we construct a vulnerability map of the U.S. economy, combining two approaches for analyzing economic systems, i.e. input–output analysis and social network analysis (applied to economic data). Our approach reveals the relative importance of individual economic sectors, and how vulnerable they are to oil price shocks. As such, our dual-analysis helps identify which sectors, due to their strategic position, could put the entire U.S. economy at risk from Peak Oil. For the U.S., such sectors would include Iron Mills, Fertilizer Production and Transport by Air. Our findings thus provide early warnings to downstream companies about potential ‘trouble’ in their supply chain, and inform policy action for Peak Oil. Although our analysis is embedded in a Peak Oil narrative, it is just as valid and useful in the context of developing a climate roadmap toward a low carbon economy.     

音频大地电磁法对断层分辨能力的正演模拟及其应用

通过几个模型的正演模拟,在分析不同模型正演响应的TM模式Bostick一维反演断面特征的基础上,探讨了点距、点位、第四系低阻层对AMT法定位断层的影响以及AMT法对断层的位置、倾向、倾角、发育深度等特征的分辨能力。研究表明,在点位和点距布设合理的情况下,AMT法对断层倾向、发育平面位置的推断是可靠的。最后,通过AMT法在太行山区找水的应用实例,验证了正演模拟方法的实用性。     

Ms 6.5 Earthquake Occurred in Ludian County of Yunnan Province,China, Although Forecast Issued before the Earthquake,Life Casualties and Property Losses were Still Caused Significant

正1 Geography Location At 16:30 on August 3rd,2014,Ludian County,Zhaotong City,Yunnan Province(27.1°N,103.3°E)was hit by Ms 6.5earthquake,with the maximum intensity is 9 and epicenter depth is around 12 km(Figs.1 and 2).     

用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法

根据地震波在非弹性介质中的传播规律，本文提出了一种在深度域地震剖面进行反Q滤波的新方法. 在深度域的Q滤波算子符合地震波在衰减介质中的传播规律，不仅考虑了介质吸收对地震波振幅的影响，而且还保证了所造成的波形畸变满足因果规律，即地震体波具有某种频散性质. 利用该方法处理了2条总长度约60km的某浅海地区叠后深度偏移地震剖面. 合成记录剖面的正演和反演计算结果表明，在对地震剖面进行深度域反Q滤波之后 ，不仅达到了压缩中、深部目的层子波宽度提高分辨率和信噪比的目的，而且保持了原始地震剖面的整体形态和能量分布.     

基于GPS的近景测量定位方法研究

本文介绍了基于GPS的近景测量定位方法所需硬件的集成方式及功能,分析了该方法定位的基本原理,并对试验结果进行了分析,验证该方法的可行性及定位精度.利用交向摄影方式,用一台相机,分别在两个摄站点获取同一范围的影像,利用数字罗盘测相机的姿态,GPS测摄站点坐标,利用单片后方交会及像对前方交会解求待定地物点的三维坐标,为不易...     

数码相机标定参数对摄影测量精度的影响分析

数码相机的标定参数包括相机的内方位元素和各项镜头畸变差。从摄影测量的理论出发,通过空间前方交会试验,分析并统计了相机标定的各参数对摄影测量精度的影响。     

A fast algorithm for finding the first intersection with a non-convex yield surface

A major task in the numerical modelling of soils using complex elastoplastic material models is stress updating. This paper proposes a fast and robust numerical algorithm for locating the first intersection between a non-convex yield surface and an elastic trial stress path. The intersection problem is cast into a problem of finding the smallest positive root of a nonlinear function. Such a function may have multiple roots within the interval of interest. The method is based on the modified Steffensen method, with important modifications to address the issues arising from the non-convexity. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed M² Steffensen method is indeed computationally efficient and robust.