SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERIOUSLY POLLUTED CITIES IN CHINA——Taking Benxi City as an Example

Ｉ．ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｉｔｉｅｓａｒｅｔｈｅｓｙｍｂｏｌｓｏｆｈｕｍａｎ’ｓｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ,ｔｈｅｓｐａｔｉａｌｃａｒｉｅｒｓｏｆｅｃｏｎｏｍｙａｎｄｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｏｆｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓ（Ｇｕ...     

生态补偿对贫困农户影响的研究思路——以甘肃省陇南市退耕还林项目为例

随着生态环境问题的日益突出,生态补偿现已成为解决此问题的有效手段之一。基于生态补偿项目社会公平性考虑和项目实施的客观扶贫效果,有关贫困农户的研究成为近年来国外生态补偿研究中普遍关注的议题。在分析生态补偿原理的基础上,以甘肃省陇南市为例,提出研究生态补偿对贫困农户影响的框架及其具体的测度方法,并总结了该类区域生态补偿的设计中亟需改善的问题。     

基于熵变加权法的水安全综合指数评价

为了构建水安全综合评价的模型,采用熵变加权法对水安全评价体系的各子系统进行赋权,得到水安全的综合评价指数公式。将方法应用于山东省区域水资源安全评价,并与其它方法的评价结果进行了比较分析。结果表明：基于熵变加权法的水安全综合指数能反映出样本与评价标准之间的远近程度,并且可以同时评价多个样本;熵变加权法的应用减少了评价的主观性,使评价结果客观、合理,具有良好的实用性。     

Dynamic response analysis of a floating mooring system

An innovative floating mooring system with two or more independent floating mooring platforms in the middle and one rigid platform on each side is proposed for improving efficiency and safety in shallow water. For this new system, most of collision energy is absorbed through the displacement of floating platforms. In order to illustrate the validity of the system, a series of model tests were conducted at a scale of 1:40. The coupled motion characteristics of the floating mooring platforms were discussed under regular and irregular waves, and the influences of wave direction and other characteristics on dynamic response of the system were analyzed. The results show that the mooring system is safest at 0° of wave incident angle, whereas the most dangerous mooring state occurs at 90° of wave incident angle. Motion responses increase with the increase of wave height, but are not linearly related to changes in wave height.     

济南新火车东站及轨道交通建设对济南白泉泉群的影响分析

近年来,随着经济的快速发展和城市的大规模建设,济南市的泉水保护与经济建设产生了一些矛盾。根据规划,济南市拟在白泉泉域的周边建设济南新火车东站、地下轨道交通等项目,项目建设将会对白泉泉群的喷涌产生影响,根据野外实际调查成果,从白泉泉群的补、径、排角度分析了项目建设对泉群产生的影响,提出在保护泉群的前提下进行新火车站及轨道交通建设的合理化建议。     

山东省文登市生态足迹评价

以山东省文登市2005年统计年鉴数据为依据,对其生态足迹和生态承载力进行了计算。结果显示:2005年文登市人均生态足迹为4.554 5hm2,人均生态承载力为0.626 9 hm2,人均生态足迹赤字为3.927 6 hm2。反映出该市的生产、生活强度超过了生态系统的承载能力,生态系统处于过度开发利用状态。     

中国西北地区植被NDVI的时空变化及其影响因子分析

利用GIMMS/NDVI数据分析了中国西北地区1982-2006年植被NDVI时空变化特征及其影响因子。近25年来,中国西北地区年均植被NDVI增速为0.5%/10a,并存在明显的空间差异。天山、阿尔泰山、祁连山、青海的中东部等地区植被NDVI显著增加;青海南部地区、陕西和宁夏交界地区、甘肃部分地区,以及新疆部分地区的植被NDVI下降。从不同植被类型看:林地、草地和耕地的年均NDVI都在提高。研究表明:中国西北地区植被NDVI变化是各种自然和人为因素综合作用的结果。植被NDVI与气温、降水的年际变化整体上都呈弱的正相关。但与其年内变化则都呈显著的线性关系,当月均温量超过20℃时,植被NDVI呈下降趋势;当月降水量在0¹00mm期间,植被NDVI随降水线性增长,当月降水量超过100mm之后,不再有明显的增长趋势。农业生产水平提高和植被生态建设等人类活动对西北地区植被NDVI增加有重要影响。     

联合GPS和GRACE数据分析陕甘宁地区地表垂直形变

采用甘肃省CORS网和中国大陆构造环境监测网络中共48个台站的GPS观测数据，解算得到观测台站的垂直位移，并与GRACE时变重力场Mascon模型解CSR RL05M数据计算得到的垂直形变进行比较，分析区域地表垂直形变特征。结果表明，研究区内台站垂直形变存在局部特征，甘肃庆阳和平凉地区垂直形变与其他地区存在明显差异，相关系数、均方根减少量和周年信号减少量均高于其他地区；扣除趋势项后，观测台站GPS垂直位移与GRACE垂直形变时间序列相关系数均值为0.72，GPS和GRACE周年信号振幅均值分别为6.00 mm和3.70 mm，周年信号减少量和均方根误差减少量均值分别为0.51和0.29；研究区内GPS垂直位移和GRACE垂直形变时间序列一致性较强，GRACE垂直形变能有效解释50%以上的GPS垂直位移周年信号，GPS垂直位移时间序列包含的非构造形变中平均约29%来源于环境负载变化所引起的负荷形变。     

一类多物种生态模型的稳定性

应用李雅普诺夫直接法研究了一类多物种生态模型的稳定性，给出了系统的局部和全局稳定性的充分条件。     

Environmental evolution of Gongwang Mountains during Holocene in northeastern Yunnan, China

This paper presents the study on two continuous glacio-lacustrine sedimentary deposits, Laotanfang (3 597 m) and Shibantang (3 689 m) located on the southern and northern sides of Hulifang peak in Yunan, China. Environmental change indexes are constructed for each deposit, based on grain size, geochemical and pollen analysis, environmental magnetic susceptibility, and 14C dating. The study of climatic environmental change since the Holocene epoch in this region shows that the climate fluctuated at different stages during the early Holocene, that is, the climate was cool and wet during 8 4-7 7 ka, cold and wet during 7 7-6 5 ka, cold and dry during 6 5-4 7 ka, cool and wet during 4 7-2 1 ka, warm and wet during 2 1-1 0 ka, and warmer and wet since 1 ka. These findings reflect the overlapping influences of the southwest and southeast monsoons in different times during the Holocene in the north part of southwestern China are in accord with other Holocene climate change models in this part of China.