固体潮理论值一阶微商的解析表达式及拟合检验

本文采用全微分法，导出了直接而严密的固体潮理论值对时间一阶微商的解析表达式．将其应用于固体潮资料的拟合检验，确保了理论上的严谨性和计算精度．文中还介绍了部分拟合检验的应用实例，并与不同拟合方法进行了对比分析，表明全微分法在运算处理速度上与谐波展开法和数值微分法相比得到了成倍的提高，而与天顶距微分法的运算速度相同．     

榆次西窑饮用天然矿泉水的形成条件及水质特征

矿泉水赋存于沁水向斜北部东翼三叠系砂页岩地层中，１９８７年和１９９３年经山西地矿局和地矿部组织鉴定，水质符合《饮用天然矿泉水》国家标准（ＧＢ８５３７－８７），属含锶－偏硅酸重碳酸－钠钙型矿泉水。Ｙｈ＿１、井、Ｋ＿１井均已开发利用，生产瓶装天然矿泉水和矿泉水系列饮料。     

榆次龙王山锌—锶优质天然矿泉水

矿泉水赋存于晋中盆地边山断裂带中，含水介质为二叠系砂页岩。１９９２年１２月经山西省地质矿产局和地质矿产部组织鉴定，符合《饮用天然矿泉水》国家标准（ＧＢ８５３７－８７），属锌－锶重碳酸－钠钙型矿泉水。     

武乡南沟锂—锶优质饮用天然矿泉水

南沟矿泉水自沁水盆地三叠系二马营组砂页岩中溢出，自流量４Ｌ／ｓ，水中含锂０．４２３ｍｇ／Ｌ，锶０．４５０ｍｇ／Ｌ。１９９２年２月经山西省矿产储量委员会鉴定属锂—锶重碳酸—钙型优质饮用天然矿泉水。泉区自然环境好，无工业污染，是优良的矿泉水生产基地。     

地下水动态观测网优化设计研究

本文采用状态空间分析法,通过对地下水流系统输入变量、输出变量及地下水动态测量值的研究,提出了地下水流系统确定一随机性数值模型。运用该模型的模拟解,进行地下水动态观测网优化设计。该方法把地下水动态观测网密度、位置及观测频率优化与地下水流系统结合起来研究。为了克服该模型计算量大的缺陷,本文提出了一种改进算法,使这一观测网优化方法适于在微机上实现,减少了计算工作量。该方法曾用于陕西某地区地下水位动态观测网的优化设计,取得了显著经济效益。     

震旦系陡山沱组的底与待建的末前寒武系的下界

自1988年末前寒武系工作组成立以来,末前寒武系的建系工作正式开展起来。鉴于寒武纪/前寒斌纪的界线层型已经确定,现在的一个中心议题,是要确定末前寒武系的下界及其层型。     

昆明滇池水系的生物监测与环境评价

生物监测具有长期性、累积性和综合性等特点。通过生物监测可以掌握昆明地区的环境质量，但运用生物指标来评价环境质量有一定难度。本文介绍适合于昆明滇池水系受污染水体的评价方法。     

武威盆地泉群流量模拟及预测的一种方法

本文根据系统理论及灰色预测理论,建立了武威盆地泉群流量模拟及预测模型,依据该模型可通过下游香家湾站河水流量的观测值,推断出整个盆地泉群流量,经过1978—1983 5年的资料验证,结果准确可靠。     

Influence of porefluid salinity on instability of sensitive marine clays: A new approach to an old problem

The geographic association between earthflow occurrence, sensitivity of the sediment and salinity of the interstitial fluid has been examined in an area of exposed marine (Champlain Sea) deposits in the Lachute region northwest of Montreal, Quebec. Mapping of earth resistivity, as a means of calculating porefluid salinity, revealed that areas of large earthflows (>20 ha) coincided with sediment of very low porefluid salinity. Earthflow scars were absent from intervening areas of higher salinity (>5 gl^?1). Mapping of the thickness of the clay deposit by seismic refraction showed, furthermore, that low porefluid salinity occurred only in areas of relatively thin (<25 m) deposits resting upon more permeable drift or rock. Finally, laboratory tests confirmed that high sensitivity was restricted to areas of low porefluid salinity. The study thus provides a geomorphological verification of the importance of ‘salt depletion’ as a prerequisite for earthflow occurrence, and, by implication, presents mapping of porefluid salinity as a method of delineating zones which should be safe from landslide retrogression in this type of sediment.     

Fault kinematic and Plio-Quaternary paleostress evolution of the Bakırçay Basin,Western Turkey

ABSTRACT

At the end of the Cenozoic, western Turkey was fragmented by intense intra-continental tectonic deformation resulting in the formation of two extensional areas: a transtensional pull-apart basin systems in the northwest, and graben systems in the central and southwest areas. The question of the connection of this Late Cenozoic extensional tectonics to plate kinematics has long been an issue of discussion. This study presents the results of the fault slip data collected in Bak?rçay Basin in the west of Turkey and addresses changes in the direction of extensional stresses over the Plio-Quaternary. Field observations and quantitative analysis show that Bak?rçay Basin is not a simple graben basin that has evolved during a single phase. It started as a graben basin with extensional regime in the Pliocene and was transformed into a pull-apart basin under the influence of transtensional forces during the Quaternary. A chronology of two successive extensional episodes has been established and provides reasoning to constrain the timing and location of subduction-related back-arc tectonics along the Aegean region and collision-related extrusion tectonics in Turkey. The first NW–SE trending extension occurred during the Pliocene extensional phase, characterized by slab rollback and progressive steepening of the northward subduction of the African plate under the Anatolian Plate. Western Turkey has been affected, during the Middle Quaternary, by regional subsidence, and the direction of extension changed to N–S, probably in relation with the propagation of the North Anatolian Fault System. Since the Late Quaternary, NE–SW extension dominates northwest Turkey and results in the formation and development of elongated transtensional basin systems. Counterclockwise rotation of Anatolian block which is bounded to the north by the right-lateral strike-slip North Anatolian Fault System, accompanies to this extensional phase.