1978-2015年东莞豪华酒店时空演变与制度重构

东莞豪华酒店作为社会文化地理现象备受学术界与理论界的关注。本文采用深度访谈和文本分析方法,援引制度与空间的相关理论,探讨东莞豪华酒店时空演变背后的制度根源,试图解释在国家与地方的制度环境下,显性正式与非正式制度、隐性正式与非正式制度是如何成为一种内在的力量影响东莞豪华酒店的时空演变。研究发现：① 在地方尺度下,东莞豪华酒店经历了酝酿期（1978-1993年）、投资和投机探索期（1994-1999年）、腾飞发展和扭曲变异糅合期（2000-2004年）3个阶段,分别呈现出制度推动空间发展、制度与空间磨合、空间反作用于制度重构3个不同的特征;② 在区域尺度下,东莞豪华酒店迎来平行和稳步建构期（2005-2012年）,体现出权力空间从东莞流向外围。空间变化暗示权力关系的变化,表明东莞豪华酒店从深层次影响制度重构已经迫在眉睫;③ 在国家尺度下,东莞豪华酒店进入自上而下的整顿和转型重构期（2013-2015年）,显性正式制度迫使空间行为选择进入理性阶段。研究完善了制度与空间关系的理论,提出空间的发展最终受制于显性正式制度,中间经历了空间尺度的转换,经历了各种显性与隐性、正式与非正式制度的博弈,最终回归到显性正式制度。空间演变是一个被制度化的过程,制度在空间权力关系中不断完善与变迁才能形成符合空间景观与空间形态规律的制度体系。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF BOUNDARY LAYER AND ITS EFFECTS ON ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL CONCENTRATIONS IN DONGGUAN, GUANGDONG

The structure of atmospheric boundary layer determines the ability of atmospheric dispersion and has an essential impact on airborne aerosols. In this paper, the data of a radio sounding experiment held in Dongguan National Meteorological Observation Station, which is in a coastal city in Pearl River Delta, as well as the data of atmospheric aerosols, were utilized in order to analyze the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer and its effects on surface aerosol concentrations. The results are showed at follows: the local circulations, associated with dominant winds, made complex structures of atmospheric layers, as the cold air and systematic winds weakened in the end of a cold air event. Weakened wind shears and inversion layers, especially a strong near-surface inversion layer, remarkably diminished the atmospheric diffusion abilities and facilitated an especially high concentration of surface aerosols. The convergence line or weak shear line of sea breeze in the ground level helps weaken the atmospheric diffusion abilities and results in atmospheric aerosols accumulation.     

从全球到地方:东莞家具产业的绿色化升级路径

地方产业链嵌入全球价值链带动绿色化升级的研究已开始成为经济地理学关注的研究话题。在梳理国内外产业绿色化升级研究基础上,构建发展中国家产业绿色化升级理论分析框架,以东莞市家具产业为案例,通过实地调研和半结构访谈法,分析东莞家具企业嵌入全球生产网络的发展历程,理清在全球化动力、国家和地方动力等两大驱动力的作用下,东莞家具产业绿色化升级的路径和动力机制。结果显示：全球动力、国家和地方动力影响下的家具产业绿色化升级路径有差异,全球动力推动的绿色化升级被锁定在有限范围内,并对本地出口企业造成“可持续采购挤压”,而国内绿色家具利基市场的形成和产业绿色化发展的制度环境对本地绿色化升级起关键作用。结论对理解中国制造业由外向型向内循环发展过程中产业绿色化升级有一定的实践意义。     

数字东莞三维旅游在线系统的设计与实现

通过对数字东莞三维旅游在线系统的建模技术分析、数据需求分析、功能分析、展示需求分析等研究,以及系统总体设计和特色亮点研究,实现了基于在线B/S端的三维旅游在线系统,为东莞市城市形象展示和旅游景点宣传提供了便利的信息化手段。     

城市行政中心区位选择与迁移类型 ——以深莞惠都市区为例

行政中心迁移作为重要行政决策,对城市发展战略和近期建设重心有显著影响作用。本文采用层次演进分析法,对珠三角东岸中心城市深圳、东莞和惠州进行行政中心的分布规律与影响要素实证研究。研究结果表明：我国行政中心概念出现演化,形成服务中心与配套设施逐步分离的需求;行政中心迁移可分为区域一体化发展、空间管治的驱动和新增长极的创造等类型。对珠三角深莞惠都市区城市行政中心迁移模式进行研究,结果显示：深圳选择行政中心跨区迁移,其迁移核心体现在与珠三角合作的区域一体化和深港同城化2个层面;东莞行政中心迁移源于空间管治驱动,以达成新旧中心城市功能的置换;惠州行政中心跨江迁移,为的是促进新城市增长极的形成。3种迁移模式的成功实现有助于探索都市区行政中心与经济中心的耦合互动发展路径,对我国都市区发展有借鉴和启示作用。     

东莞市交通路网格局对城市空间扩张影响研究

城市化进程中,交通路网格局的发展与土地利用变化有着密切关系,交通系统的发展引起城市空间形态、土地利用开发、土地利用价格和用地布局特征的变化,反之,土地利用变化也引起了交通路网格局、路网密度的改变。本文以东莞市为例,对其交通路网密度与新增城市用地变化强度作了定量分析。根据TM遥感影像提取2001、2005和2009年3期的城市用地,采用核密度估算(KDE)新增城市用地变化强度,探讨区域内交通路网格局与新增城市用地变化强度的关系。结果表明,在2001-2005年间,路网格局变化较大,新增道路类型主要为高速路,新增城市用地总量较大、扩张速度快,特别是交通路网密度大的边缘区域。在2005-2009年间,随着路网发育不断成熟,路网密度内部差异减少,新增道路类型主要为县乡道路,新增城市用地速度明显放缓。经相关系数显著性检验后表明:2001-2009年间,在置信度为95%时,东莞市道路网密度、加权密度(x)与新增城市用地核密度(y)的相关系数Rxy均大于0.1946,证明东莞市道路网密度、加权密度与新增城市用地核密度高度相关。     

基于SLEUTH模型的东莞市区城市增长模拟研究

应用SLEUTH城市增长模型,借助GIS、RS技术,对东莞市区1990-2003年的城市增长过程进行模拟,同时预测2003-2030年城市增长情况。结果表明,SLEUTH模型较好地描述了东莞市区"自下而上"的城市增长模式,在这种增长模式下,未来东莞市区的城市化水平将在10～20 a内达到临界状态。研究结果对于理解东莞市区城市增长的内在规律具有理论和现实指导意义,同时可为政府制定相关决策提供依据。     

东莞市农田土壤和蔬菜重金属含量分析(英文)

A total of 118 of agricultural soil and 43 of vegetable samples were collected from Dongguan City,Guangdong,China. The spatial distribution,sources,accumulation charac-teristics and potential risk of heavy metals in the agricultural soils and vegetables were de-picted in details by three different approaches,including total contents of eight metal ele-ments in soils and vegetables,GIS maps and multivariate analysis of heavy metals in soils in the study. The results show that there are higher accumulation of heavy metals such as Cu,Zn,Ni,Pb,Cd and Hg in agricultural soils,and the contents of Pb (65.38 mg kg-1) and Hg (0.24 mg kg-1) are 1.82 and 2.82 times of the background contents of the corresponding heavy metals in soils of Guangdong Province,respectively. There are about 3.4% of Cu,5.9% of Ni,1.7% of Cd and 28% of Hg in all collected soil samples from all investigated sites which have overran the contents for heavy metals of the China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995,Grade Ⅱ ). The pollution characteristics of multi-metals in soils are mainly reflected by Hg. There are different sources to eight metal elements in soils,Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr and As are predominantly derived from parent materials,and Pb,Hg and Cd are affected by anthropogenic activities. The spatial distribution shows that the Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,Pb,As and Hg contents of agricultural soils are high in the west and low in the east,and Cd contents are high in the northwest,southeast and low in the southwest in Dongguan. The ratios of vegetable samples which Ni,Pb and As concentrations higher than the Maximum Levels of Con-taminants in Foods (GB2762-2005) are 4.7%,16.3% and 48.8%,respectively. The order of bio-concentration factors (BCF) of heavy metals in vegetables is Cd Zn Cu As Ni Hg Cr Pb. It is necessary to focus on potential risk of heavy metals for food safety and hu-man's health from agricultural soils and vegetables in Dongguan City,Guangdong Province.     

东莞地区土地利用变化预测的CBR和CA方法对比研究(英文)

Many studies on land use change(LUC),using different approaches and models,have yielded good results.Applications of these methods have revealed both advantages and limitations.However,LUC is a complex problem due to influences of many factors,and variations in policy and natural conditions.Hence,the characteristics and regional suitability of different methods require further research,and comparison of typical approaches is re-quired.Since the late 1980s,CA has been used to simulate urban growth,urban sprawl and land use evolution successfully.Nowadays it is very popular in resolving the LUC estimating problem.Case-based reasoning(CBR),as an artificial intelligence technology,has also been employed to study LUC by some researchers since the 2000s.More and more researchers used the CBR method in the study of LUC.The CA approach is a mathematical system con-structed from many typical simple components,which together are capable of simulating complex behavior,while CBR is a problem-oriented analysis method to solve geographic problems,particularly when the driving mechanisms of geographic processes are not yet understood fully.These two methods were completely different in the LUC research.Thus,in this paper,based on the enhanced CBR model,which is proposed in our previous research(Du et al.2009),a comparison between the CBR and CA approaches to assessing LUC is presented.LUC in Dongguan coastal region,China is investigated.Applications of the im-proved CBR and the cellular automata(CA) to the study area,produce results demonstrating a similarity estimation accuracy of 89% from the improved CBR,and 70.7% accuracy from the CA.From the results,we can see that the accuracies of the CA and CBR approaches are both >70%.Although CA method has the distinct advantage in predicting the urban type,CBR method has the obvious tendency in predicting non-urban type.Considering the entire ana-lytical process,the preprocessing workload in CBR is less than that of the CA approach.As such,it could be concluded that the CBR approach is more flexible and practically useful than the CA approach for estimating land use change.     

东莞市区震害预测基础数据库建设

东莞市区震害预测基础数据库是东莞震害预测与防御系统建设的组成部分,该数据库共存储了50张基础电子地图或专题图、198个数据表,涵盖了地震地质、地理环境、社会经济及震害预测的各种调查数据和分析结果数据。在数据库建设中,针对其中35 km2的电子地图进行的成批更新处理技术,解决了无属性数据的空间数据更新的难题。由于引用了震害预测基础数据库管理系统,建库工作方便、快捷,提高了建库效率。