The Method for Inferring a Buried Fault from Resistivity Tomograms and Its Typical Electrical Features

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been used to experimentally detect shallow buried faults in urban areas in the past a few years, with some progress and experience obtained. According to the results from Olympic Park, Beijing, Shandong Province, Gansu Province and Shanxi Province, we have generalized the method and procedure for inferring the discontinuity of electrical structures (DES) indicating a buried fault in urban areas from resistivity tomograms and its typical electrical features. In general, the layered feature of the electrical structure is first analyzed to preliminarily define whether or not a DES exists in the target area. Resistivity contours in resistivity tomograms are then analyzed from the deep to the shallow. If they extend upward from the deep to the shallow and shape into an integral dislocation, sharp flexure (convergence) or gradient zone, it is inferred that the DES exists, indicating a buried fault. Finally, horizontal tracing is be carried out to define the trend of the DES. The DES can be divided into three types-type AB, ABA and AC. In the present paper, the Zhangdian-Renhe fault system in Zibo city is used as an example to illustrate how to use the method to infer the location and spatial extension of a target fault. Geologic drilling holes are placed based on our research results, and the drilling logs testify that our results are correct. However, the method of this paper is not exclusive and inflexible. It is expected to provide reference and assistance for inferring the shallow buried faults in urban areas from resistivity tomograms in the future.     

华北克拉通东部地壳和上地幔结构的接收函数研究

利用北京大学和早期中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所在华北克拉通东部地区布设的共34台宽频带地震仪记录的远震体波资料,获取P波接收函数和S波接收函数,再分别通过偏移成像和共转换点叠加(CCP)和倾斜叠加得到了华北克拉通东部横跨郯庐断裂带地区沿剖面的地壳和上地幔速度间断面分布.研究结果表明,鲁西隆起下方的莫霍面的深度要比华北盆地和青岛地区浅约5 km,形成类似屋顶状的莫霍面隆起.郯庐断裂带和聊考断裂带下方的莫霍面有明显的错断.岩石圈与软流圈的分界面(以下简称LAB)的深度从太行山山前的约100 km深度上升到鲁西隆起下方约60 km深,向东在青岛地区下方LAB深度进一步变浅.我们利用倾斜叠加计算台站下方波速比得到地壳内的泊松比变化,结果显示鲁西隆起泊松比值分布相对均匀,而青岛地区内泊松比变化剧烈,可能反应了该地区作为苏鲁大别超高压变质带的北缘经历了较为复杂的地质演化过程.     

基于地震成像数据稀疏反演的不连续及非均质地质体检测方法

本文针对油气藏储层预测中的不连续及非均质地质信息识别问题,研究基于地震成像数据的稀疏反演方法.由于该类地质体的地震响应特征为弱信号,因此利用平面波破坏滤波器由地震成像数据中去除强反射同相轴.在此基础上,对剩余的地震数据进行非线性加强滤波,并构建L1稀疏反演模型.为有效求解L1模型,采用非光滑泛函L1范数逼近和拟牛顿求解算法.该方法考虑稀疏先验信息,能够提高反演结果信噪比.缝洞模型测试验证该方法在检测断点、微断裂、散射点等小尺度地质体上的有效性,塔北缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层预测的应用效果进一步证实该方法的实用性.