地理信息及其元数据标准化

通过对标准化历史的回顾,阐述了数据标准化在当今人类由工业社会向信息化社会迈进中的作用,并根据全球信息高速公路建设对地学研究的挑战,指出了信息化社会中数据标准对信息采集及信息共享的作用;依ＩＳＯ／ＴＣ２１１对地理信息数据描述中元数据的建议,通过对ＩＳＯ及ＣＥＮ标准的分析,提出了建立我国元数据标准的基本思路,对我国地理信息标准化的建设具有重要意义。     

互联网时代GIS设计的新观念──以数据为中心的GIS

本文讨论了以数据为中心的GIS设计新概念。指出互联网造就了巨大的信息资源,GIS的数据源从自供自给到从网上获取是一种观念的巨大转变。进而探讨了WebGIS在网上数据服务,网上数据互操作,网上数据采掘和网上数据管理等方面的新进展和面临的新挑战。     

GIS数据模型研究与实践

着重分析了 GIS数据建模、地理数据的 3层结构及面向对象的数据模型 ,并在此基础上提出了一种基于关系数据库的面向对象 GIS数据模型     

基于GIS城市给排水管网信息系统数据结构的研究与实现

本文研究了城市给排水管网信息系统的数据结构及其建立方法,以及在微机上利用C语言进行城市给排水信息系统的设计,实现了部分空间分析功能。     

An automatic radon probe for earth science studies

A field instrument designed for continuous radon measurement is described. It is based on a solid state electronic sensor that is housed in a rugged casing that also contains its associated electronics. This lightweight device is designed for selective counting of α-decays with recorded count values over specified intervals being stored within the device. Real time data processing to reject spurious values is automatically performed by the instrument. Data are downloaded by means of a handheld or a laptop computer. The energy provided by alkaline batteries ensures 2 months of continuous recording in the field. Example of radon anomalies are exhibited.     

综合台站观测资料信息管理系统的技术特点

介绍了为配合闽南地震示范工程的开展而开发的《综合地震台观测资料信息管理系统》程序设计的基本原则、总体结构及功能,并给出了操作流程示意图和简要说明。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-observations and radar orbits

Initial asteriod orbits are determined by a least squares adjustment of an arbitrary number (N) of optical and radar observations. The usual separation, into an orbit determination by three observations and a subsequent differential orbit improvement, is combined into a single algorithm. A priori information is used for very small arcs. Ephemerides very suitable for linking are obtained by strictly linear computations.     

形变地球对不同驱动力的响应

地球形变位移场和重力场的时空变化无论在基础理论研究,还是在地理空间信息建设中都具有重要的意义.地球在各种力学机制的作用下产生了形变,形变又导致地球引力位的变化,即形变附加位或Euler引力位增量.基于矢量球函数的基本理论,讨论了引潮力、负载力和地表应力对地球形变和引力位增量的影响,给出了均匀不可压缩地球模型的Euler引力位增量的具体表达式和Love数的理论关系.可为地球形变的理论研究提供参考和依据.     

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

AMOS—Analysis of MOment Structures . James Arbuckle CLIMATEDATA–Summary of the Day . (Version 1.10). HYDRODATA–U.S.G.S. Daily Values (Version 2.0). The MAP SETS (includes EUROPEAN MAPSET, US MAPSET and WORLD MAPSET). James Taylor     

Marine conservation challenges in an era of economic crisis and geopolitical instability: The case of the Mediterranean Sea

In the Mediterranean Sea, socio-economic drivers may accelerate the process of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) declarations. Despite the challenges, the EEZ declarations may provide important opportunities for leveraging change to national policy towards the development of large-scale conservation of marine ecosystems and biodiversity in this zone. Using the Mediterranean Sea as a case study, we aim to highlight a set of best practices that will maximize the potential for the development of large-scale marine conservation initiatives. These include a range of approaches, such as using surrogates to fill the many biodiversity data gaps in the region, further the development of consistent and open access databases, and the utilization of technological developments to improve monitoring, research and surveillance of less accessible and under-explored marine areas. The integration of Mediterranean-wide and local conservation efforts, the facilitation of transboundary collaboration, and the establishment of regional funds for conservation will further enhance opportunities for marine conservation in this region.