沧州北部地区软土物理力学指标相关性分析研究

沧州北部地区存在一层典型的滨海相沉积类型软土,其在青县西北部、大城县东南部分布稳定而广泛,工程地质条件较差。为了更好地研究该地区软土的物理力学指标,分析各指标间的相关性,结合区域内近50个钻孔及土工试验资料,系统分析了沧州北部地区软土的工程地质性质,阐述了区内软土的分布及特性等;并利用数理统计学方法,较为客观地对区内软土物理力学指标间的相关性进行了分析与探讨,给出了各指标间的最优拟合曲线。研究结果:沧州北部地区软土多属于高液限淤泥质粘土,具有含水率高、孔隙比大、压缩性高、抗剪强度低等特点;区内软土含水率与孔隙比及含水率、孔隙比与压缩系数间存在正相关的特性,大致符合多项式回归曲线形式。     

南黄海与晋冀内蒙交界区地震相关现象及其应用

本文利用１９００年以来Ｍｓ≥４．７地震目录，系统分析了南黄海及沿岸地区与晋冀内蒙交界地区中强地震此起彼伏，遥相呼应的同步涨落现象，利用这一现象，可能对这２地区未来二三年内地震活动趋势预测提供一个方面的证据，本文给出了预测方案，报道了应用实例，并就有关问题进行了讨论。     

东亚冬季风指数的分类和比较

在回顾了2009年以前定义过的冬季风指数的基础上,按照定义要素的不同,进行了分类及序列延长计算,并将现有的冬季风指数分为海陆气压差类(4个)、高压特征类(3个)、风场特征类(9个)、环流特征类(4个)和综合类(2个)。研究了这些冬季风指数的年际及年代际变化趋势及其周期变化,分析了各指数之间的相关性,以及冬季风指数对中国冬季大陆气温变化的指示性。结果表明:东亚冬季风存在缓慢减弱的变化趋势,主要呈现出准6a,准11a和准17a的周期振荡特征。同类别指数之间的相关性要优于不同类别的。东亚冬季风指数与中国冬季大陆气温相关性普遍好的地区主要在河套及内蒙古中部、华南和东南沿海、四川盆地等。     

Surface pollen in the east of Qaidam Basin

Pollen analysis of 23 surface samples in the east of Qaidam Basin reveals the characteristics of pollen assemblages and their relationships with vegetation and climate. In pollen assemblages, Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia are preponderant types in all the samples, and Ephedra, Gramineae and Compositae are common types. The results of DCA (Detrended Correspondance Analysis) and Correlation Analysis show different pollen assemblages indicate different vegetations, coincided with respective vegetation types. A/C (Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae) in the desert can indicate the aridity. Depending on the aridity, the vegetation communities are divided into four groups: severe drought group, moderate drought group, slight drought group and tropophilous group. A/C value is less 0.2 in the severe drought group, 0.2–0.5 in the moderate drought group, 1.63 in the slight drought group and 5.72 slight-wetness group.     

三角形约束下影像匹配的算法实现

针对三角形约束下影像匹配方法的实际应用,分析了所采用的数据结构与Delaunay三角网动态更新,提出了一种高效的实现算法,实际应用验证了其实现的有效性。     

地磁匹配导航算法研究

文中首先研究了基于点的地磁匹配导航算法,这种算法一次定位时间太长,不能满足导航系统对实时性的要求.针对基于点的地磁匹配导航算法的缺点提出了基于向量的地磁匹配导航算法,这种算法满足了导航系统对实时性的要求.基于点的地磁匹配导航算法和基于向量的地磁匹配导航算法都是基于单点的匹配算法,这决定了它们有共同的缺陷:匹配结果可能不...     

改进SIFT特征描述符在影像匹配中的应用研究

由于成像条件变化造成的遥感图像之间的几何形变和灰度差异给影像匹配带来了困难,深入研究了SIFT特征描述符的生成方法,针对SIFT特征维数过高的问题进行改进,利用特征点邻域的圆形区域构造新的描述符,增强了描述符自身的抗旋转性,并降低了特征描述符的维数。实验表明,改进的特征描述符是可行有效的,在遥感影像目标匹配中取得满意的实验结果。     

华北地区下寒武统的划分对比及其沉积演化

华北地区下寒武统具有明显的“两灰两红”四套岩石组合,代表两个潮湿—干旱的沉积旋回,据此自下而上可分成辛集组、硃砂洞组、昌平组和馒头组四个岩石地层单元和Husaspis、Megapalaeolenus fengyangensis和Redlichia chinesis三个化石带,并可能分别与南方的筇竹寺阶、沧浪铺阶红井哨段、乌龙箐段和龙王庙阶相对比。早寒武世沉积时,华北地台具有“北高南低、西高东低”的古地貌格局,海水沿地台西南缘的贺兰—六盘坳陷和地台南缘的晋豫裂坳陷及豫—皖陆块依次北侵,并在早寒武世末期浸漫了大部分华北古陆。早寒武世时,郯庐断裂带东侧的吉南辽东地区可能位于地台南缘,其沉积特征与断裂带西侧的豫皖苏鲁地区非常相似,只是中生代发生了大规模的郯庐断裂左行平移才形成现今的地质构造格局。     

Mapping shoreline indicators on a sandy beach with supervised edge detection of soil moisture differences

This study describes a method to map shoreline indicators on a sandy beach. The hypothesis is that, on this beach, spectral albedo is predominantly determined by moisture content and water lines can, therefore, be detected as albedo contrasts. A laboratory experiment is performed to relate moisture content to image albedo, and supervised edge detection is subsequently used to map the shoreline indicators with remote sensing imagery. The algorithm is tested with data from visible, near-infrared and shortwave-infrared wavelength regions. These results are compared to shoreline indicators obtained by a field survey and a shoreline indicator derived from a digital elevation model. Both the water line present when the imagery was acquired, as well as the maximum extent of the last flood, can be detected as a single edge. Older high water lines are confused with the last high water line and appear dispersed, as there are multiple debris lines present on the beach. The low water line, usually in saturated sand, also appears dispersed due to the presence of channels and troughs. Shorelines are constant moving boundaries, which is why shoreline indicators are used as a proxy. Unlike a mathematical indicator that is based on an elevation model, our method is more sensitive to the dynamic nature of shorelines. Supervised edge-detection is a technique for generating reproducible measurements of shoreline indicator positions over time, and aids in the monitoring of coastline migration.