可视化与地图普及教育

现代可视化使地图的功能发生了根本的变化,地图作者的数量在可视化的兴起中迅速增长。这种现象不仅具有一定的理论基础,而且可以从可视化实践中得到论证。中国学术期刊数据库中与地图相关的论文统计结果证明地图应用具有越来越广泛的趋势。地图普及教育是十分必要的。以普及性教育为出发点,作者对地图学课程从理论、实践和教学方法等方面提出了具体的教改建议,并进一步提出为地学以外的所有专业开设地图通识课和建设地图知识普及网站等措施。     

A method of downscaling temperature maps based on analytical hillshading for use in species distribution modelling

Climate maps have been widely used for the construction of species distribution models. These maps derive from interpolation of data collected by meteorological stations. The sparse distribution of stations generates maps with coarse spatial resolution that are unable to detect microclimates or areas that can serve as plant or animal refuges. This work proposes a method for downscaling temperature maps using the solar radiation falling upon hillsides as predictor for the influence of relief on local variability. Solar irradiance is estimated from a digital elevation model of the study area using a routine based on analytical hillshading. Some examples of downscaling from 1 km to 25 m spatial resolution are shown. The results are compared with the surface temperature maps from Landsat 8 satellite imagery.     

地名制图应用研究——以地名普查成果为例

地名凝结了区域文化及历史过程,蕴涵丰富的文化信息。如何挖掘地名文化信息是一个有趣又重要的问题。结合文本知识、专业知识、先验知识、专家知识与第二次全国地名普查成果数据,通过建立知识库及提取规则,采用数据制图、模型制图、知识制图等制图方法实现中国大陆方言地名、地名通名制图。结果表明,制图结果可以得到相关地名的空间分布范围,揭示区域地名通名的高频词汇特征,可以为区域地名管理、规划、保护与利用提供知识支撑。     

Research challenges and opportunities in mapping social media and Big Data

Social media and Big Data have transformed our world into interconnected cyberspace and realspace. Cartographers can now trace, monitor, and map the spread of social movements, disease outbreaks, nature hazards, and popular events by digitally collecting social media and Big Data with locational contents, such as global positioning system tags and user location profiles. The dynamic characteristics of social media and Big Data provide a great research opportunity for cartographers to map and analyze human behaviors, communications, and movements. However, there are many challenges and pitfalls in cartographic research associated with spatiotemporal analysis of social media contents and Big Data. This short paper will address important research challenges and major opportunities for cartographers to process and visualize Big Data and social media.     

KAM tori for N-body problems: a brief history

We review analytical (rigorous) results about the existence of invariant tori for planetary many-body problems.     

GIS中多尺度地理数据库的研究与应用

文中首先分析了ＧＩＳ中建立多心谋理数据库的必要性,然后介绍了多尺度地理数据库的建立方法,并提出了一种混合表示法的设计、实现和更新方法,最后讨论了应用多尺度地理数据库方法建立港城市地理信息系统的实例。     

载人潜水器在深海海洋测绘中的应用

介绍了载人潜水器的特点及其在深海海洋测绘中的重要作用,详细论述了美、法、日、俄等国的载人潜水器在深海海洋测绘中的应用现状,并对我国"蛟龙"号载人潜水器在深海海洋测绘中的应用进行了展望。     

Calculated sea area of the New Zealand 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone

A calculation of the area of the New Zealand 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone is presented with definitions, cartographic methods, and calculations based on areas of quadrilaterals of the earth's surface of 1° extent in latitude and longitude. An area of 1 181 487 square international nautical miles (4 053 049 km²), ± 0.377%, includes enclaves adjacent to the Chatham Rise and the Pukaki Rise retained for assessments related to fisheries research programmes.     

地图制图学在人文地理学中的应用及不足

参与国家自然科学基金项目和国家社会科学基金项目,在绘制专题图时,得到了些心得体会,结合分析近些年人文地理学的发展,并结合现代制图学的发展,以及现代制图学在人文地理学中的应用,指出地图制图学在人文地理应用中的不足。为地图制图学和人文地理学更好的发展提供理论依据。     

Narrative Cartography: From Mapping Stories to the Narrative of Maps and Mapping

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of the multiple ways of envisioning the relationships between maps and narratives. This is approached from a map making perspective. Throughout the process of editing this special issue, we have identified two main types of relationships. Firstly, maps have been used to represent the spatio-temporal structures of stories and their relationships with places. Oral, written and audio-visual stories have been mapped extensively. They raise some common cartographic challenges, such as improving the spatial expression of time, emotions, ambiguity, connotation, as well as the mixing of personal and global scales, real and fictional places, dream and reality, joy and pain. Secondly, the potential of maps as narratives and the importance of connecting the map with the complete mapping process through narratives is addressed. Although the potential of maps to tell stories has already been widely acknowledged, we emphasize the increasing recognition of the importance of developing narratives that critically describe the cartographic process and context in which maps unfold - the core idea of post-representational cartography. Telling the story about how maps are created and how they come to life in a broad social context and in the hands of their users has become a new challenge for mapmakers.