浅析WAAS完好性算法

广域增强系统完好性是度量系统时空可用性的关键指标,它关系到用户所获得的改正信息是否真实可靠。在阐述广域增强系统完好性定义的基础上,对完好性算法流程、思路进行了分析。     

Affine distortion of small GPS networks with large height differences

GPS is a promising tool for real-time monitoring of deformations of slopes or large structures. However, remaining systematic effects in GPS phase observations after double differencing and application of a priori models affect the resulting coordinates. They complicate the proper separation of the actual deformations from pseudo-deformations induced by the systematic effects. This paper shows that for small monitoring networks (baseline lengths <5 km) only affine distortions of the network geometry are generated by the remaining distance dependent systematic effects, e.g. unmodelled tropospheric and ionospheric propagation effects, or satellite orbit errors. Hence, a generic correction model is given by a three-dimensional affine transformation involving a maximum of 12 transformation parameters. For the determination of these parameters, four high quality GPS stations are necessary which are not affected by the actual deformations to be monitored. Based on the analysis of network geometries of synthetic GPS networks with large height differences and considering the physics of the GPS observations it is shown, however, that less than 12 parameters are sufficient for the computation of the corrections. The proposed 8 parameter model was applied to the GPS monitoring network of the Gradenbach landslide. For this small network with large height differences, it was shown that the distortions can be reduced by about 75%.     

Modeling long-period noise in kinematic GPS applications

We develop and test an algorithm for modeling and removing elevation error in kinematic GPS trajectories in the context of a kinematic GPS survey of the salar de Uyuni, Bolivia. Noise in the kinematic trajectory ranges over 15 cm and is highly autocorrelated, resulting in significant contamination of the topographic signal. We solve for a noise model using crossover differences at trajectory intersections as constraints in a least-squares inversion. Validation of the model using multiple realizations of synthetic/simulated noise shows an average decrease in root-mean-square-error (RMSE) by a factor of four. Applying the model to data from the salar de Uyuni survey, we find that crossover differences drop by a factor of eight (from an RMSE of 5.6 to 0.7 cm), and previously obscured topographic features are revealed in a plan view of the corrected trajectory. We believe that this algorithm can be successfully adapted to other survey methods that employ kinematic GPS for positioning.     

GPS随机软件中的对流层模型及对基线处理的影响

介绍了对流层延迟的性质及常用GPS随机软件中对该项误差的处理方式,讨论了常用的对流层延迟处理手段,通过对实例数据的分析比较,说明对于某些工程测量项目,采用GPS随机软件的默认设置,仅仅依靠差分仍不能消除残余对流层延迟对高程精度的影响,必须认真处理对流层延迟误差。     

浅谈利用GPS布设大型桥梁施工控制网

结合本公司实施的一个大桥施工控制网测量项目，详细介绍了利用GPS进行大型桥梁施工控制网布设的方法，从方案比选、选点埋石、坐标系和投影面选择、测量过程中的质量控制措施、控制网的复测与维护等方面做了较为详细的介绍。     

一种基于三角函数多项式的GPS轨道标准化方法

本文提出了一种基于三角函数多项式的GPS轨道标准化方法。该方法考虑了卫星运动的坐标的周期性特点,所以能获得很好的内插和外推精度。文中的算例分析得出了一些有益的结论。     

TEQC软件用于GPS控制网数据质量检测的研究

在分析影响GPS观测数据质量和GAMIT/GLOBK数据处理质量评价标准的基础七,通过TEQC数据质量检测软件和基线解算质量控制指标,研究三级GPS大地控制网数据质量的检测方法,并以三级GPS大地控制网观测数据为例对观测数据进行检测和评定.     

基于GPS的四川地区现时地壳形变分析

对四川区域网多年数据进行处理,得到欧亚框架下的测站运动速度,采用刚性地块假设下的最小二乘拟合方法,得到川滇、川青、扬子地块的运动速度分别为(17.6±1.0)mm/a、(11.4±0.7)mm/a、(9.6±1.1)mm/a,地块运动方向逐渐由SE向SEE变化;作为川滇地块东边界的鲜水河断裂、安宁河-则木河断裂运动速度远大于龙门山断裂,显示了其较强的活动性。     

基于JSCORS的区域电离层时空特征分析

本文利用JSCORS中心提供的连续两天的GPS观测数据,以及现有的提取垂直电离层延迟改正VTEC的软件,采用格网技术和常规单层VTEC模型,内插计算出区域格网的时空数据,对所得数据进行处理分析,得出了江苏南京附近大气层中电离层较为明显的特征。文章总结了该区域电离层的时空变化特征,为后续研究电离层更加细化的特征及其在各方面的应用等提供了依据。     

基于方差分量估计的GPS/GLONASS组合点定位

介绍GPS/GLONASS组合定位模型,采用Helmert方差分量估计确定GPS与GLONASS两类观测值的精度,合理确定两类观测值的权。通过GPS/GLONASS的方差分量估计实测,GPS与GLONASS伪距观测值的精度分别为±4.560 7 m与±9.928 9 m,相应的权比约为5∶1,采用此权比进行定权,能够提高定位精度。