QuickBird 影像城市阴影信息的提取与消除

城市绿地信息在城市研究中的重要作用。但由于各种因素的影响,城市绿地信息提取的精度受到很大的限制,其中,城市中建筑物的阴影是城市绿地信息提取的一个重要限制因素。本研究选取呼和浩特市城区的QuickBird影像,在获取最佳波段组合的基础上,利用多种方法对遥感影像的阴影信息进行提取和消除,以期获得最佳的阴影消除方法,高效地提取城市绿地信息。首先,通过比值运算、波段重组,增强处理影像阴影信息,用最佳指数法分析QuickBird影像阴影提取的最佳波段组合;然后,根据阴影在近红外波段的最小亮度值与最大亮度值的范围建立掩膜,成功提取影像的阴影信息;最后,将色彩空间变换分别与同态滤波和Gamma矫正结合以消除影像阴影,并与其他方法进行对比。研究结果表明,QuickBird影像阴影提取的最佳波段组合为3/4、4、2波段组合,最佳亮度值范围为70-165;色彩空间变换与Gamma矫正相结合的方法可更好地消除阴影,并能较好地保留影像的彩色信息,是消除阴影的最佳方案。     

日本东北大地震引起的洋底地壳和海水质量重分布效应分析

采用两种方式得到2011年日本东北大地震引起的洋底垂直形变数据,通过傅里叶变换和傅里叶逆变换计算得到洋底地壳垂直运动产生的洋底地壳与海水物质交换导致的重力效应。分析这两种方式得到的重力变化并与利用GRACE提取的重力变化对比,结果发现此效应显著,在提取同震重力变化时不可忽略。     

Genetic transformation of marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. CC9311 (Cyanophyceae) by electroporation

Synechococcus sp.CC9311 is a marine cyanobacterium characterized by type IV chromatic acclimation(CA).A genetic transformation system was developed as a first step to elucidate the molecular mechanism of CA.The results show that Synechococcus sp.CC9311 cells were sensitive to four commonly used antibiotics:ampicillin,kanamycin,spectinomycin,and chloramphenicol.An integrative plasmid to disrupt the putative phycoerythrin lyase gene mpeV,using a kanamycin resistance gene as selectable marker,was constructed by recombinant polymerase chain reaction.The plasmid was then transformed into Synechococcus sp.CC9311 via electroporation.High transformation efficiency was achieved at a field strength of 2 kV/cm.DNA analysis showed that mpeV was fully disrupted following challenge of the transformants with a high concentration of kanamycin.In addition,the transformants that displayed poor growth on agar SN medium could be successfully plated on agarose SN medium.     

东山湾海水中Fe(II)和Fe(III)相互转化围隔实验研究

根据2008 年8 月与11 月在东山湾海域获得的调查资料对表层水中溶解态Fe(II)和Fe(III)含量、浮游植物叶绿素a、营养元素及其浓度等环境参数进行分析。结果表明, 夏、秋季海水中Fe(II)浓度及其在总溶解铁中所占比例均与浮游植物叶绿素a 呈正相关, 其相关系数分别为0.7959、0.9219。现场围隔实验表明, 海水中总溶解态Fe 含量在24 h 内有较大的变化, 最大减少量达到17.4%。DS2 站点海水中Fe(II)浓度及其在总溶解铁中所占比例随光照强度增加而增加。最高值与初始值相比较, 叶绿素a 较高的DS2 站点海水中Fe(II)浓度增加较叶绿素a 较低的DS5 号站点高0.053μg/L。Fe(II)和Fe(III)加富实验研究了溶解态的Fe(II)和Fe(III)在海水中相互转化。高浓度的Fe(II)在海水中被氧化成Fe(III),海水中浮游植物也会引发光还原作用使Fe(III)还原成Fe(II)。     

系统偏差拟合法在多源导航电子地图融合中的应用

提出采用基于最小曲率模型的格网坐标转换来拟合多源地图系统偏差的方法,并通过实验计算进行了验证与精度分析,结果表明,系统偏差拟合法具有区域精细拟合的优势。     

转换多时空层次Micaps格点数据文件为GrADS格式

为将多变量、多垂直层次和多时间层次的Micaps格点数据文件转换为GrADS格式文件,应用面向对象程序设计中类的封装性、继承性和多态性原理,根据Micaps格式的4类和11类格点数据文件的存储特征和GrADS二进制文件写入数据规则,并考虑到在不同数据环境和用户需求下对Micaps数据文件的选取存在多样性,将繁琐的转换步骤合理分解,利用Delphi设计了一组具有继承关系的类,在Windows下编程实现了数据转换功能。程序可提供对Micaps数据文件的多样化选择,并可自动生成CTL文件,操作简便、界面友好、运行可靠,其功能易于维护和扩充。     

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A Study of the Extratropical Transformation of Typhoon Winnie （1997）

The complicated evolutive process of how a tropical cyclone transforms into an extratropical cyclone is still an unresolved issue to date, especially one which arises in a weakly baroclinic environment. Typhoon Winnie （1997） is studied during its extratropical transformation stage of extratropical transition （ET） with observational data and numerical simulations. Results show that Winnie experienced its extratropical transformation to the south of the subtropical high without intrusion of the mid-latitude baroclinic zone. This is significantly different from previous studies. Analyses reveal that the cold air, which appeared in the north edge of Winnie circulation, resulted from the precipitation drag and cooling effect of latent heat absorption associated with the intense precipitation there. The cooling only happened below 3 km and the greatest cooling was below 1 km. With the cold air and its advection by the circulation of Winnie, a front was formed in the lower troposphere. The front above is related not only to the cooling in the lower level but also to the warming effect of latent heat release in the middle-upper levels. The different temperature variation in the vertical caused the temperature gradient over Winnie and resulted in the baroclinicity.