厦门城市隐伏断层控制性地球化学探测

本文介绍了地球化学探测方法作为控制性探测隐伏断层的有效手段,在厦门城市隐伏断层的探测中得到了充分的应用。通过地球化学试验探测,可确定地球化学探测的异常下限值,同时在采取了一系列质量保障措施后,增强了判断异常点的可靠性,研究表明地球化学探测异常点呈明显的线性分布。经浅层地震探测验证,地球化学探测解译的断层分布位置与浅层地震探测断点吻合程度较高,表明该方法用于城市隐伏断层探测是有效可行的。     

泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价方法及其应用

在深入研究盖层微观封闭机理及影响封闭能力的主要因素基础上，选取盖层／储层排替压力差、异常孔隙流体压力和异常含气浓度作为泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的三个主要评价参数。通过对其划分等级，赋予权值，利用加权法求取泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价权值大小，建立了一套泥质岩盖层微观封闭能力的综合评价方法，并对琼东南盆地各构造单元梅山组泥岩盖层微观封闭能力进行综合评价。结果表明，梅山组泥质岩盖层在各构造单元均具有     

Characteristics of abnormal waves in North Sea storm sea states

A data set of storm wave records from the North Sea is analysed. Using current definitions of abnormal waves, eight of the largest wind waves are defined as abnormal waves. Twenty-four of the largest waves in time series, with a height larger than 10 m and with big vertical asymmetry are chosen for further analysis. Their individual characteristics are investigated and related to the global sea state characteristics. A comparison between measured data, second-order theory predictions and offshore basin data is made. The results for the chosen waves do not coincide with predictions of second-order theory. Considering that wind wave is second- and third-order non-linear, a new relationship between skewness and kurtosis is proposed for the sea states in which extremely asymmetric large waves have occurred. Another relationship between kurtosis and abnormality index of maximum waves is proposed too.     

安徽胡家碾地区井中地电异常现象探讨

以岩石电性特征差异为基础的电测井,在金属矿产、地下水资源勘探中,发挥着重要的作用。在视电阻率测井装置中,地井系统是较为常用装置形式。通过安徽省胡家碾地区地质背景和钻孔地层以及对井中电法测量资料的分析对比,探讨了井中地电异常产生的原因及与寻找地下水的关系,认为井中负视电阻率异常与井中正自然电位异常相对应时,通常是寻找地下水的有利地段。     

宜章界牌岭锡多金属矿床地球化学异常模式

界牌岭锡多金属矿床是一个与浅源重熔花岗岩有关的热液多金属隐伏矿床。研究表明：矿床自上至下具有Ｆ－Ｂｅ－Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ－Ｐｂ－Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ－Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、ＴＲ的矿化分带和细脉状－层状（似层状）－面状的矿体形态分带,成晕具有Ｈｇ、Ｂ、Ｂａ、Ｃｒ、Ａｓ离心半环状晕－Ｆ、Ｂｅ、Ｌｉ、Ｐｂ、Ａｇ同心环状上偏心晕－Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、同心环状下偏心晕－Ｎｂ、Ｇａ离心卫星晕的分布规律。据此,建立了本矿床“三环－帽壳式”地球化学异常模式。经模式识别,总结了不同剥蚀程度矿床（浅,中,深）异常评价的地质－地球化学指标。     

福建水氡对闽台地震的映震分析

利用福建水氡台网 1 990年以来的水氡资料 ,针对 6次福建及其东南沿海大于 4 5级地震 ,7次台湾及其近海大于 6 8级地震进行分析研究 ,认为地震前异常存在加速性、同步性 ,形态的多样性 ,空间分布的不确定性。运用“九五”攻关软件 ,给出上述两区域地震异常特征的共性和个性 ,并对映震效能进行R值评分     

煤矿塌方地震资料的初步分析

本文对矿区塌方地质构造的分析表明,矿井塌方地震与矿区的局部地质构造有密切的关系。通过对山东陶压煤矿塌方地震资料的初步分析表明,在较大的塌方地震发生之前,有以下异常出现:小塌方地震次数增多,∑N——t曲线、∑E~(1/2)—t曲线、∑L—t曲线及N_o—∑△t曲线急剧变化。这些异常变化一般出现在较大塌方地震前12——70天。依此有可能对较大塌方地震做出预报。     

An analysis of the seasonal variation of disturbance in georesistivity

Four types of disturbances in the seasonal variation in georesistivity are presented in the light of specific circumstances in China. As the results of theoretic calculation for the models and in comparison of the calculated results with the seasonal variations observed at 40 georesistivity stations, the following points are found: (1) The seasonal variation in georesistivity is caused by the change in resistivity of the surface layer, especially by the annual variation of phreatic level when the sounding depth is too shallow. This is one of the disturbances and thus has no relation to the origin of earthquake. The feature and amplitude of the seasonal variation depend on the types of disturbance models, geoelectric cross sections and sounding depth. (2) The seasonal variation in georesistivity usually has the same sign as that of the change in resistivity of shallow layer and thus the normal seasonal change appears. However, as far as the K or Q types of geoelectric cross sections are concerned, the abnormal seasonal variation in georesistivity starts to appear with a certain electrode spacing, when the interference layer is located in the first layer. (3) Both abnormal and normal seasonal variations in georesistivity will be smaller than 2% when the sounding depth is greater than 300 m. Therefore, the seasonal variations can be removed or restrained when the location of observation has been properly chosen or the electrode spacing is enlarged enough to obtain a sufficient sounding depth.     

广东鼎湖钼矿区的生物地球化学效应

本文论述了广东鼎湖钼矿区生物地球化学异常特征和植物波谱特征，并对该区的ＴＭ图像进行了较深入的分析与应用处理。研究结果表明，钼矿区的植物波谱反射率与ＴＭ灰度值均比对照区的高，经Ｋ－Ｌ变换后的ＴＭ假彩色合成影像上，钼矿区呈现的形状、色调均与对照区有明显区别，研究区ＴＭ影像特征主要受植物叶中的铝含量及叶绿素含量的影响。本研究结果为在植被覆盖区用生物地球化学遥感探矿提供了理论依据。     

Probability distributions of wave heights in bimodal seas in an offshore basin

This study aims at assessing the adequacy for describing bimodal sea states of different non-linear probability distributions that have been developed for single sea states. It is based on data collected at an offshore test basin. The measurements represent three bimodal sea states with individual unidirectional wave systems propagating at 60, 90 and 120 from each other. The wave spectra are separated into swell and wind sea components and the relative energy ratio between the areas under the associated spectral curves is estimated and is related with the statistics of the time series considered. Dependence is found between the normalized high order cumulants, which describe the non-Gaussian surface, and the predominant contribution of the wind sea energy. Furthermore, the probabilities of exceedance of the individual wave heights are estimated and compared with the Rayleigh model and with other models that take into account either the effect of spectral bandwidth or the effect of wave nonlinearities. The results are discussed with respect to three classes of sea states that reflect the relative contribution of swell and wind sea energy.