Metal distributions and their fluxes at the coastal boundary of a semi-enclosed ria

Water column samples have been collected in the outer channel of the Ferrol Ria (NW Spain) during four occasions over a tidal cycle. The objective was to study the exchange of dissolved and particulate Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn and particulate Al, Fe and Si between the ria and the adjacent coastal waters. This study provides the first extensive dataset on dissolved and particulate metal concentrations in the water column of a Galician ria. Typical concentrations of dissolved Cd (96 ± 31 pM), Cu (8 ± 4 nM), Pb (270 ± 170 pM) and Zn (21 ± 10 nM) were similar than in other European Atlantic shelf and coastal waters. The fraction of metals in the particulate phase followed the trend: Pb > Cu Zn > Cd. The outgoing water from the ria was enriched in dissolved and particulate Cu, Pb and Zn compared with incoming waters, whereas Cd concentrations were similar for both waters. The suspended particulate matter was composed of a mixture of marine and continental material. The latter end-member was found to arise from the metal-rich ria bed sediments, which is diluted by the dominant metal-poor marine end-member. The net output flux of Cu from the channel is balanced by the freshwater inputs to the ria, and the net Zn flux gave a positive output to coastal waters. For Pb, the net flux to the coastal waters is less than that input from the rivers, as a result of its particle reactivity and deposition in sediments. On the contrary, a net input flux of dissolved Cd from coastal waters was observed, highlighting the oceanic source of this metal in the Galician rias. Results from the budget calculations are in agreement with the differential geochemical behavior of these elements in coastal waters.     

喜马拉雅山脉东段空布岗峰东麓的第四纪冰川作用序列及其初步的年代学约束

野外调查表明, 喜马拉雅山脉东段的空布岗峰东麓晚第四纪期间至少发育了4套冰碛物. 初步的U系和热释光(TL)测年结果表明, 该区最早的冰川作用出现在MIS6(深海氧同位素阶段)之前, 并可能是该区规模最大的一次冰川作用过程. 最近一次显著的冰川作用出现在倒数第二次冰期, 其时代约为160.9～109.0 ka BP或略早, 大致对应MIS6, 其中至少包含了两个阶段. 最近的两次冰川作用分别发生于末次冰期和全新世期间, 其中包含了多个次一级的冰川波动.     

基于IGS精密星历的BERNESE光压模型参数分析

分析导航卫星在光压的作用下影响较大的光压模型参数并寻求其变化规律。文中根据自编程序Orbit,对国外成熟的GPS光压模型进行实验分析,利用IGS精密星历,通过动力学拟合方法求解一年的BERN0光压模型的九参数(D0,Y0,B0,Dc,Yc,Bc,Ds,Ys,Bs)并分析其变化规律。实验表明,D0,Y0,B0,Bc,Bs方向的光压参数存在周期性变化,其余方向的参数变化规律性不强。运用相关性参数分析B0和Dc;Yc和Bs;Ys和Bc;Ds和Y0 4组光压参数强相关,每组中可考虑其中一个参数,结合5个参数的物理规律,只考虑D0,Y0,B0,Bc,Bs 5个参数是合理的,与武大五参数模型的理论相吻合。     

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区延长组长6段砂体结构特征及成因分析

通过岩芯及露头观察对鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区延长组长6段砂体沉积类型的识别、依据沉积组合对砂体结构进行分类、并结合测井响应特征刻画了砂体结构平面分布,综合分析了砂体结构平面差异的成因。结果显示,合水地区长6段主要为深水重力流沉积,可识别出砂质碎屑流和浊流两种不同的重力流沉积类型。两种重力流沉积砂体在纵向上复合叠置形成广泛分布的厚砂体,因组合关系及含油性不同,可分为3种砂体结构类型:多期砂质碎屑流叠加型、砂质碎屑流与浊流复合叠加型及多期浊流叠加型。砂体结构平面分布差异受湖盆底形、物源及供屑量和流体重复改造等因素影响,不同结构砂体平面上具有垂直物源轴线呈带状展布特征,在合水地区东北部和中部形成较为有利的砂体结构类型。     

北半球早春30hPa遥相关型特征,起因及其与赤道海温异常

根据１９５８￣１９９１年资料，用一点相关法得到了３、４月北半球３０ｈＰａ月平均高度场遥相关型，研究了它们的指数特征、起因及其与后期赤道东太平洋厄尔尼诺事件的联系。     

用TTI和动力学模型计算R0值的对比—以中国南海北部为例

本文以南海北部大陆架西区为背景，对比研究用ＴＴＩ模型和化学动力学模型计算Ｒ０的结果，探讨其对石油成熟度评价的意义。研究表明，由动力学模型方法确定的石油窗成熟起始位置（深度和温度）浅于ＴＴＩ的结果，其差距随着加热速率增加而加大，对南海北部大陆架西区而言，影响程度增加的顺序是北部湾盆地一珠三坳陷－莺琼盆地。     

0－1背包问题多重分枝－限界算法的改进

对０－ｌ背包问题多重分枝一限界算法［１］作了改进。经改进的算法仅用一棵状态空间树描述问题的解空间。引入了虚拟背包的概念，简化了限界函数的计算。新的算法较大地提高了搜索最优解的效率。     

前兆资料的预处理与0—1序列的自相关分析

介绍了维纳滤波和0—1序列在处理地震前兆资料中的应用。计算了海城7.3级和唐山7.8级地震前后辽宁省台安地电阻率和金县短水准观测资料。结果发现,地震前后它们的自相关系数有明显变化。     

Further evidence for radial velocity anomalies in the lower mantle

Summary Wright andLyons (1981) used a least-squares matching technique (LMM) and an adaptive processing method (ADP) to study the behaviour of slowness and azimuth measurements made on two synthetic interfering wavelets having different arrival vectors and onset times. We have applied these results to the analysis of real array seismograms. Some of the effects generated synthetically are frequently observed on real seismograms of earthquakes recorded at Yellowknife at distances close to 50° and 90°. We have also processed sufficient data to illustrate how the interference phenomenon can be used to confirm the presence of radial velocity anomalies in the lower mantle. NumerousP arrivals from South American earthquakes at distances between 78° and 98° suggest the presence of two radial velocity anomalies at depths close to 2400 and 2730 km below the Caribbean region; these anomalies also appear to vary laterally.Contribution No. 864 from the Earth Physics Branch.