面向航测生产的信息化测绘技术体系研究与探讨

《测绘地理信息发展“十二五”总体规划纲要》和《测绘地理信息科技发展“十二五”规划》明确提出加强测绘科技创新,建设信息化测绘体系这一发展目标.本文立足于信息化测绘技术体系,面向航测生产与管理,提出了从数据获取、管理、处理和服务等方面构建信息化测绘技术体系的布局模式,提出了数据资源统一规划和管理、生产业务协同优化管理、生产技术一体化改造、生产技术装备集成等关键技术解决思路.     

基于HVCE-RBFNN的矿区地表三维形变监测研究

提出一种融合赫尔默特方差分量估计和径向基函数神经网络(HVCE-RBFNN)的三维形变计算方法,结合GNSS和InSAR监测数据,解算甘肃省金昌市金川西二采矿区的地表三维形变场。结果表明,基于HVCE-RBFNN方法获取的三维形变结果精度高于传统方法,其东西向、南北向和垂直向的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为20.85 mm、7.41 mm和34.47 mm,3个方向的最大形变量分别为228 mm、300 mm和193 mm,采空区形变空间分布符合开采沉陷规律。     

基于3G与3S集成的土地利用执法检查应用

土地卫片执法检查是政府实施土地严格管理的重要手段.本文以绵阳市2009年度遥感土地执法检查为例,选用2008年和2009年两个时相的中巴资源卫星02B遥感图像作为信息源,对3G与3S集成技术在土地利用执法检查中应用方法进行了研究.该方法利用RS获取土地利用变化信息,利用VRS-GPS技术采集变化图斑空间与属性特征信息,...     

水下溢油数值模拟研究

基于Lagrange积分法和Lagrange粒子追踪法建立了一个水下溢油数值模型。该溢油模型由两个子模型组成:羽流动力模型和对流扩散模型,其中羽流动力模型用以模拟溢油的喷发阶段和浮力羽流阶段;对流扩散模型用以模拟溢油的对流扩散阶段。通过数值实验,结合实验室水槽实验和水下溢油现场实验的观测资料进行模型验证。实验结果表明,模拟结果与观测资料一致性较好,从而验证了本文溢油模型的合理性和准确性;羽流动力模型为对流扩散模型提供源,海流、海水的垂向密度结构和油滴的直径分布是影响溢油在对流扩散阶段运动和分布的主要因素。     

Investigation on strength and stability of jointed rock mass using three‐dimensional numerical manifold method

This paper proposes a numerical model for jointed rock masses within the 3‐D numerical manifold method (NMM) framework equipped with a customized contact algorithm. The strength of rock sample containing a few sets of discontinuities is first investigated. The results of models with simple geometries are compared with the available analytical solutions to verify the developed computer code, whereas models with complex geometries are simulated to better understand the fundamental behavior and failure mechanism of jointed rock mass. Furthermore, the stability of jointed rock mass in an underground excavation is studied, where rock failure process is determined by the 3‐D NMM simulation. The simulation results provide valuable guidance on excavation process design and stabilization design in rock engineering practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study on low‐strain integrity testing of pipe‐pile using the elastodynamic finite integration technique

This study focuses on the three‐dimensional (3‐D) characteristics of wave propagation in pipe‐pile using elastodynamic finite integration technique. First, a real 3‐D pile‐soil model in cylindrical coordinate system is presented. Then, the governing equations are established. With the boundary and initial conditions, the numerical solution is obtained. The accuracy and feasibility of the self‐written code are further verified via comparing with the measured data. Velocity histories at different angles of pile top and pile tip are illustrated, and the snapshots reflecting the 3‐D characteristics of wave propagation are given. It shows that the interferences of Rayleigh waves can confuse the result interpretation for pile integrity testing. The increase of hammer contact time can effectively mitigate the interferences, and the interferences of Rayleigh waves are weakest at an angle of 90° from where hammer hits. Besides, surrounding soil can partly mitigate the wave interferences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Photopolarimetry of 3C 66A in 2003

The BL Lac-type object 3C 66A was observed at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory during the international project OJ-94. Observations were made over 10 nights from February through December 2003 at the Cassegrain focus of the 125-cm AZT-11 telescope with a photopolarimeter capable of simultaneous measurements in the UBVRI bands. In the course of our measurements the brightness of the object increased by more than 1 magnitude in all these bands. Its color indices varied and the degree of polarization decreased from ∼16% in February to ∼3% at the end of our observations. In December 2003 a rapid change in the position angle from 15° to 40° was noticed. The spectral energy distribution F_n is well described by a power law with a spectral index a (F_ν ∝ ν ^−α . The increase in brightness was accompanied by a reduction in the spectral index. The most probable mechanism for the observed changes in the brightness, degree of polarization, and spectral index may be a decrease in the magnetic field strength or a change in its configuration owing to a increase in the chaotic component of the field. __________ Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 41–59 (February 2006).