Mapping the farming-pastoral ecotones in China

Conventional farming-pastoral ecotones methods of delineating were not quantitative and could not fully show their spatial distribution. The present paper attempts to develop quantitative methods for mapping farming-pastoral ecotones in China. Nine indicators, related to temperature, precipitation and altitude aspects, were selected to quantify ecological susceptibility of vegetation （crops and forage）. Methods of analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and expert score ranking combined with fuzzy set theory were applied to assign the weight for each indicator and to define the membership functions. The geographic information system （GIS） was used to manage the spatial database and conduct the spatial analysis. According to the spatial calculation of evaluation model integrated with GIS, the ecological susceptibility of vegetation （crops and forage） was mapped. Three different zones, pastoral area, farming-pastoral ecotones and farming area, were classified by spatial cluster analysis and the maximum likelihood classification for the numeric map of vegetation ecological susceptibility by GIS. This map was validated by the economic statistical result based on the ratio of the output value from animal husbandry in total output value of agriculture by the National Bureau of Statistics in China, indicating that the mapping of the farming-pastoral ecotones may be accepted.     

日照市海水入侵现状与治理方案

通过遥感解译对日照市海水入侵现状进行分析,对海水入侵程度进行评价,发现养殖池和河滩面积在大幅增加,盐田、滩涂、沙滩等均在减少。在日照沿海地区,地下水的储备与人类的用水需求之间存在矛盾,人类过量开采地下淡水是产生海水入侵的主导因素。建议采取兴建地下水库、减少地下水开采和人工回灌等措施防治海水入侵。     

三峡库区首获航空遥感数据

日前,中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心成功获取了三峡库区首批高精度航空遥感数据,标志着长江中上游（江津-宜昌段）1：5万航空遥感地质调查项目库区航空遥感调查工作全面展开。三峡地区属中低纬度亚热带气候区,常年以阴雨天居多,日照少,雾气重。为在最短时间内获取库区4万km^2高分辨率航空遥感影像,航遥中心积极与空军协调,     

台风对海洋叶绿素a浓度影响的定量遥感初探

研究台风对海洋水色环境的影响,是目前海洋遥感技术又一应用领域。由于台风期间天气恶劣,遥感资料较少,国际上主要针对个别典型台风,研究其对海表温度、海洋叶绿素a浓度及初级生产力的影响,很少通过遥感资料系统地对这一影响进行定量分析和建模。自2000到2007年,过境中国近海以及西北太平洋海域台风近百次,作者通过系统地分析这期间MODIS,SeaWiFS的3A级叶绿素a浓度数据,结果发现:(1)台风促进了相应海域叶绿素a浓度的大幅增长,总体上平均增长约1.426倍,个别区域在5倍以上,同时,该增长一般延后3~6d,在7~10d后恢复到原来的水平;(2)进一步对这些数据进行一元统计线性回归,发现叶绿素a浓度增长比(R_chl-a)与台风影响因子(Tsub>w)满足如下关系:R_chl-a=0.0012Tsub>w+1.017,其相关系数达0.8;(3)台风期间叶绿素a浓度与无台风时叶绿素a浓度之间有很强的线性关系,其关系满足:C_chl-a=1.2367C_0chl-a+0.0636,且相关系数高达0.98。这一初步研究结果对进一步通过遥感手段深入研究台风对海洋水色环境的影响有借鉴意义。     

基于SAR快速提取浒苔信息应用研究

2008年6月以来青岛近海出现的大面积浒苔对青岛奥帆赛场造成严重影响。如何快速、准确地发现浒苔,对治理浒苔具有显著的指导作用。采用卫星遥感数据,尤其是SAR数据对浒苔进行监测,运用一种基于区域增长面向对象的影像尺度分割方法,调整影像的分割尺度,快速提取浒苔信息,在浒苔遥感监测中效果显著。     

The application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation

Requirements for monitoring the coastal zone environment are first summarized. Then the application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation is introduced, such as the classification of coast beaches and bottom matter, target recognition, mine detection, oil spill identification and ocean color remote sensing. Finally, what is needed to follow on in application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment is recommended.     

The black water around the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary in the spring of 2003

The Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water. Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Changjiang River and the Qiantang River, the turbidity is very high. Generally, the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water because of the large particle scattering. Based on the in-situ data and ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS, it was found that there was a black water region with the normalized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm2·μm2·...     

广东博贺澙湖潮滩的冲淤变化及其动力作用分析

基于遥感技术,对反映17 a来博贺澙湖的5景遥感影像定量反演潮滩水边线,在此基础上推算澙湖潮滩的沉积与冲刷速率,同时对引起潮滩变化的动力作用进行探讨,结果表明博贺澙湖的潮滩以淤展为主,其中处于开敞地段的澙湖潮滩出现冲刷,遮蔽岸段的澙湖潮滩淤积,控制澙湖潮滩变化的主要因子是包括圈围潮滩成盐田、虾池以及鱼塘等的人类活动.     

MODIS多光谱信息在海上溢油检测中的应用

利用搭载在EOS-Aqua/Terra卫星上的MODIS数据,对长江口溢油、委内瑞拉的马拉开波湖溢油等4次事故进行光谱分析和研究.在对出事海域的卫星数据进行图像处理的基础上,利用MODIS数据的多光谱信息,分析溢油在各个波段的特征,并确定油膜特征比较明显的波段范围,为可见光/近红外卫星监测溢油提供参考.     

对“海域使用分类体系”的几点思考

文章在分析海域使用分类体系制定背景与意义的基础上,指出海域使用分类体系遵循的基本原则,并探讨和分析了新的海域使用分类体系设置及调整的主要内容,对与其他相关管理工作的衔接关系进行了简要分析和总结.