“失败”的地理实验也是教学成功之母

案例实验一：为验证水平运动物体偏向,笔者请学生做这样的实验,将家中水池放满水后,拔除塞子,观察水向中心汇聚流出时,水流漩涡的方向。按照预计的实验检测目的,是想得出水平运动的物体所受的地转偏向力的影响,在北半球应为逆时针流向。     

地理观测突破地球运动难点

陶行知先生认为：课内获得的知识是“闻知”“说知”,实践获得的知识是“亲知”,“亲知”是根本,“闻知”“说知”要结合在“亲知”上,才能成为“真知”。以往的地理教学往往过于“重结论、轻过程”,这使学生的思维和个性发展受到限制。     

考虑斜拉索刚度、垂度、阻尼的非线性运动方程研究

随着斜拉桥跨径的快速增长,斜拉索的长度也大大增加,斜拉索是斜拉桥的主要受力构件,其在外荷载作用下经常引发大幅振动,这样就降低了斜拉索的寿命或造成拉索的破坏,因此研究斜拉索的非线性运动方程对解决振动问题具有实际工程的意义。本文在考虑斜拉索非线性静平衡曲线、抗弯刚度、粘滞阻尼影响的斜拉索平面内非线性振动的基础上,建立了斜拉索非线性运动方程。采用Galerkin法解耦了斜拉索非线性运动方程,并运用Runge-Kutta法对其自由振动和周期强迫振动两种情形进行了求解,最后,通过对该索的理论计算数据与原型仿真数据的对比分析,可知上述非线性方程比传统的线性方程更精确。本文的研究为今后斜拉索的非线性分析及其振动控制奠定了一定的理论基础。     

风雪共同作用下膜结构雪压分布规律的数值模拟研究

对膜结构在风雪共同作用下的雪压分布规律进行了数值模拟研究。首先采用两相流原理对雪漂运动中的空气相和雪相分别进行了数值建模,然后采用CFD数值模拟技术,研究了在风雪共同作用下双坡型膜结构表面的雪荷载分布规律,分析了双坡型膜结构的重要几何参数变化时,雪漂及屋面雪荷载分布的变化规律,总结了双坡型膜屋面在风雪共同作用下的雪压分布规律。结果表明,屋面倾角和屋面宽度是影响风雪共同作用下膜结构表面雪压分布的重要因素,檐口高度和屋面长度是影响膜结构表面雪压分布的次要因素。本文研究为更安全、经济地进行膜结构的抗风雪设计、施工提供了可靠的科学依据。     

A neural network based methodology to predict site-specific spectral acceleration values

A general neural network based methodology that has the potential to replace the computationally-intensive site-specific seismic analysis of structures is proposed in this paper. The basic framework of the methodology consists of a feed forward back propagation neural network algorithm with one hidden layer to represent the seismic potential of a region and soil amplification effects. The methodology is implemented and verified with parameters corresponding to Delhi city in India. For this purpose, strong g...     

Characteristics of horizontal ground motion measures along principal directions

<正>Ground motion records are often used to develop ground motion prediction equations(GMPEs) for a randomly oriented horizontal component,and to assess the principal directions of ground motions based on the Arias intensity tensor or the orientation of the major response axis.The former is needed for seismic hazard assessment,whereas the latter can be important for assessing structural responses under multi-directional excitations.However,a comprehensive investigation of the pseudo-spectral acceleration(PSA) and of GMPEs conditioned on different axes is currently lacking.This study investigates the principal directions of strong ground motions and their relation to the orientation of the major response axis, statistics of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane,and correlation of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane.For these,three sets of strong ground motion records,including intraplate California earthquakes,inslab Mexican earthquakes,and interface Mexican earthquakes,are used.The results indicate that one of the principal directions could be considered as quasi-vertical.By focusing on seismic excitations on the horizontal plane,the statistics of the angles between the major response axis and the major principal axis are obtained;GMPEs along the principal axes are provided and compared with those obtained for a randomly oriented horizontal component;and statistical analysis of residuals associated with GMPEs along the principal directions is carried out.     

A new carbon and oxygen balance model based on ecological service of urban vegetation

The application of human induced oxygen consumption and carbon emission theory in urban region was summed up and on this base a new model of urban carbon and oxygen balance (UCOB) was constructed by calculating the carbon and oxygen fluxes. The purpose was to highlight the role of vegetation in urban ecosystems and evaluate the effects of various human activities on urban annual oxygen consumption and carbon emission. Hopefully,the model would be helpful in theory to keep the regional balance of carbon and oxygen,and provide guidance and support for urban vegetation planning in the future. To test the UCOB model,the Jimei District of Xiamen City,Fujian Province,China,a very typical urban region,was selected as a case study. The results turn out that Jimei′s vegetation service in oxygen emission and carbon sequestration could not meet the demand of the urban population,and more than 31.49 times of vegetation area should be added to meet the whole oxygen consumption in Jimei while 9.60 times of vegetation area are needed to meet the carbon sequestration targets. The results show that the new UCOB model is of a great potential to be applied to quantitative planning of urban vegetation and regional eco-compensation mechanisms.     

中国拟以房屋征收补偿条例取代拆迁条例

<正>近日,8位学者获邀参加国务院法制办再次组织的座谈会,讨论的条例草案名称也由2009年12月16日的《国有土地上房屋征收和拆迁补偿条例》,更名为《国有土地上房屋征收和     

基于广义S变换的地层吸收补偿

广义S变换是一种新的非平稳信号时频分析方法。广义S变换的反变换与傅立叶变换有直接的联系,是无损变换;线性变换保证其不存在交叉项;时频分辨率与信号的频率有关;基本小波不必满足容许性条件;尺度性质使得广义S变换有很好的频率聚集能力。基于广义S变换的特点和优势,进行地层吸收补偿。通过对实际二维叠后地震数据进行地层吸收补偿处理,结果表明,提高了地震反射层的分辨率,改善了地震资料的品质,而且无需知道地层的Q值。      

金湾高尔夫俱乐部

人们的印象中,高尔夫球应属于贵族的运动方式。然而在金石滩,普通老百姓也可以尽情的享受高尔夫球的乐趣。2001年5月1日,金石滩国家旅游度假区率先推出国内第一家将市场定位于旅游大众的高尔夫俱乐部——大连金湾高尔夫俱乐部。