一种解析定轨方法

本文给出了人造地球卫星轨道计算的一种解析方法,定轨方案中摄动计算考虑了地球引力场非球形摄动的J2,J3,J4的长期项,长周期项,J2短周期项,大气阻力,太阳光压及日月引力摄动的长期项。初始根数改正量估计采用微分轨道改进算法。在定轨迭代收敛后,残差的均方根误差在5″左右,资料使用率超过80%。     

Atmospheric Excitation of Time Variable Length-of-Day on Seasonal Scales

We use the method of wavelet transform to analyze the time series of the Earth's rotation rate of the EOP(IERS)C04.The result shows that the seasonal (annual and semiannual)variation of the length-of-day(LOD)has temporal vari- ability in its period length and amplitude.During 1965.0-2001.0,the periods of the semiannual and annual components varied mainly from 175-day to 190-day and from 360-day to 370-day,respectively;while their amplitudes varied by more than 0.2 ms and 0.1 ms,respectively.Analyzing the axial component of atmospheric angular mo- mentum(AAM)during this period,we have found that time-variations of period lengths and amplitudes also exist in the seasonal oscillations of the axial AAM and are in good consistency with those of the seasonal LOD change.The time variation of the axial AAM can explain largely the change of the LOD on seasonal scales.     

加速仪数据在CHAMP卫星精密定轨中的贡献

通过用几个实例计算，评估了CHAMP卫星加速仪数据对SLR数据定轨精度的贡献．结果显示用加速仪数据代替非保守力对CHAMP卫星进行精密定轨时，其SLR的残差从原来的16．5cm减少到2．7cm，与精密轨道相比，卫星位置误差由18．9cm减少到6．2cm(一天资料)．     

高速铁路轨道设计特征

本文简述了高速铁路轨道的基本特征,提出了保证高速铁路轨道高平顺性、高稳定性应注意的几个问题.     

地球的运行轨道与气候

地球的气候变化与地球轨道的变化有关。科学家经过对各种现象的研究后提出，由于地球的运行轨道发生变化，进而影响到地球的太阳辐射，这样就使地球的大气层发生了变化。这种观点与冰期变化因一方面是由于地球的运行轨道以及地轴的位置改变所致，另外地球椭率的变化，即地球旋转所造成的自身变化也是促成冰期变化的因素之一。     

Orbits of Ten Visual Binary Stars

We present the orbits of ten visual binary stars: WDS 01015 6922, WDS 01424– 0645, WDS 01461 6349, WDS 04374–0951, WDS 04478 5318, WDS 05255–0033, WDS 05491 6248, WDS 06404 4058, WDS 07479–1212, and WDS 18384 0850. We have also determined their masses, dynamical parallaxes and ephemerides.     

Precession of the Orbital Plane of Binary Pulsars and Significant Variabilities

There are two ways of expressing the precession of orbital plane of a binary pulsar system, given by Barker & O'Connell, Apostolatos et al. and Kidder, respectively. We point out that these two ways actually come from the same Lagrangian under different degrees of freedom. Damour & Schafer and Wex & Kopeikin applied Barker & O'Connell's orbital precession velocity in pulsar timing measurement. This paper applies Apostolatos et al.'s and Kidder's orbital precession velocity. We show that Damour & Schafer's treatment corresponds to negligible Spin-Orbit induced precession of periastron, while Wex & Kopeikin and this paper both found significant (but not equivalent) effects. The observational data of two typical binary pulsars, PSR J2051-0827 and PSR J1713+0747, apparently support a significant Spin-Orbit coupling effect. Specific binary pulsars with orbital plane nearly edge on could discriminate between Wex & Kopeikin and this paper: if the orbital period derivative of the double-pulsar system PSRs J0737-3039 A and B, with orbital inclination angle i = 87.7129 deg, is much larger than that of the gravitational radiation induced one, then the expression in this paper is supported, otherwise Wex & Kopeikin's is supported.     

关于数值求解卫生运动微分方程中的一个问题

本文阐述了地球非球形引力伴中的高阶次球谐项（即“短”波项）对求解卫星运动微分方程的两类数值方法（单步法和多步法）选择积分步长的不同影响，并以实际算例症实这一点。     

关于登月习行轨道数值积分的讨论

讨论了登月飞行轨道的数值积分问题，根据两个标准－－积分精度和计算CPU时间，我们选择了合适的积分器，同时还讨论了登月飞行轨道的数值积分的误差传播问题，指出了登月飞行轨道与人造地球卫星轨道的差别。     

酸碱滴定不确定度的计算

以酸碱滴定不确定度的分析为例展示了分析化学测量不确定度的估计和表示方式。