Evaluation of Three Harvest Control Rules for Bigeye Tuna（Thunnus obesus） Fisheries in the Indian Ocean

The stock of Bigeye tuna（Thunnus obesus） in the Indian Ocean supports an important international fishery and is considered to be fully exploited. The responsible management agency, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission（IOTC）, does not have an explicit management decision-making framework in place to prevent over-fishing. In this study, we evaluated three harvest control rules, i） constant fishing mortality（CF）, from 0.2 to 0.6, ii） constant catch（CC）, from 60000 to 140000 t, and iii） constant escapement（CE）, from 0.3 to 0.7. The population dynamics simulated by the operating model was based on the most recent stock assessment using Stock Synthesis version Ⅲ（SS3）. Three simulation scenarios（low, medium and high productivity） were designed to cover possible uncertainty in the stock assessment and biological parameters. Performances of three harvest control rules were compared on the basis of three management objectives（over 3, 10 and 25 years）： i） the probability of maintaining spawning stock biomass above a level that can sustain maximum sustainable yield（MSY） on average, ii） the probability of achieving average catches between 0.8 MSY and 1.0 MSY, and iii） inter-annual variability in catches. The constant escapement strategy（CE=0.5）, constant fishing mortality strategy（F=0.4） and constant catch（CC=80000） were the most rational among the respective management scenarios. It is concluded that the short-term annual catch is suggested at 80000 t, and the potential total allowable catch for a stable yield could be set at 120000 t once the stock had recovered successfully. All the strategies considered in this study to achieve a ‘tolerable＇ balance between resource conservation and utilization have been based around the management objectives of the IOTC.     

Nonlinear optimization method of ship floating condition calculation in wave based on vector

Ship floating condition in regular waves is calculated. New equations controlling any ship＇s floating condition are proposed by use of the vector operation. This form is a nonlinear optimization problem which can be solved using the penalty function method with constant coefficients. And the solving process is accelerated by dichotomy. During the solving process, the ship＇s displacement and buoyant centre have been calculated by the integration of the ship surface according to the waterline. The ship surface is described using an accumulative chord length theory in order to determine the displacement, the buoyancy center and the waterline. The draught forming the waterline at each station can be found out by calculating the intersection of the ship surface and the wave surface. The results of an example indicate that this method is exact and efficient. It can calculate the ship floating condition in regular waves as well as simplify the calculation and improve the computational efficiency and the precision of results.     

基于PIV技术不同形式防波堤周围涡旋场特性研究(英文)

深水防波堤周围流场存在复杂的紊动变化,防波堤较容易发生失效破坏。本文利用PIV技术,基于模型实验,对规则波作用下防波堤周围的速度流场及其涡流特性进行了实验研究,获得了规则波流场的瞬时速度分布。通过对不同型式防波堤在不同的水力条件下的波浪流场实验数据的分析,定量地研究了防波堤堤身水域的涡旋流场的水力特性。     

多源道路智能选取的本体知识推理方法EI北大核心CSCD

大数据时代道路数据来源日益增多,跨数据源的道路选取面临巨大挑战。本文针对数据语义不一致问题,提出一种基于本体知识推理的多源道路选取方法。首先,将1∶5万基本比例尺地形图道路数据作为基础案例,将四维图新导航电子地图和开放街道地图中的道路数据作为试验数据,基于stroke计算道路等级、长度、连通度、接近度、中介度特征项,提取特征项概念并构建本体;然后,从语义特征项和数值特征项两方面计算本体概念相似性,建立基础案例与试验数据间的关联关系;最后,基于本体和语义网规则语言定义本体通用、语义特征、数值特征三类选取规则,实现跨数据源道路选取的过程性知识推理。试验表明,本文方法可基于本体概念相似性度量消除语义差异,同时利用语义网规则语言进行知识推理,可实现多源道路数据向基本比例尺数据的智能选取。     

我国首部《缓控释肥料》行业标准10月1日正式实施

<正>我国第一部《缓控释肥料》行业标准将于2014年10月1日正式实施,这标志着我国缓控释肥产业将进入规范发展的新阶段。缓控释肥料是以各种调控机制使其养分最初释放延缓,使其养分按照设定的释放率和释放期缓慢或控制释放的肥料。该肥料突出特点是其释放率和释放期与作物生长规律有机结合,从而使肥料养分有效利用率提高30%以上。由于该肥料养分有效利用率提高,从而大幅减少化肥的使用量及施肥次数,节约     

2014年期刊论文作者姓名汉语拼音字母拼写规则

正正式的汉语人名由姓和名两个部分组成.姓和名分写,姓在前,名在后,姓和名之间用空格分开.姓有3种:①单姓.汉语中只有一个字的姓,如张、王、刘、李;②复姓.汉语中不止一个字(一般由2个字构成)的姓,如欧阳、司马;③双姓.汉语中由两个姓(单姓或复姓)并列而成的姓氏组合,如郑李、欧阳陈、周东方等.根据/《中国人名汉语拼音字母拼写规则》,以下分别举例介绍这种情形的姓名对应的汉语拼     

基于资源三号卫星影像的城市绿地信息提取方法探讨

我国高分遥感卫星的发展为城市绿地的规划、建设和改造提供有力的技术支持。研究利用资源三号卫星全色和多光谱影像,以国内某城市为例,采用基于规则的面向对象分类技术获取城市绿地。研究提出的技术方案,简单易行,具有较好的应用性。对于推动资源三号卫星在国土资源和城市规划方面的应用具有重要意义。     

面向规则聚合的地图制图模板设计与实现

在分析现有制图模板特点与不足的基础上,以地理空间数据符号化过程为研究对象,将符号化过程分解成不同类型的制图规则,设计了贯穿于符号化各环节的制图模板结构;通过记录用户的制图操作,将符号化各环节的制图规则聚合成不同功能的规则集,实现了制图模板的具体构建。制图模板能够从规则、规则集和模板3个层次引导和约束用户的制图行为,有助于降低制图门槛,减轻用户工作负担。