温度对复分解法制硝酸钾生产过程的影响

探讨以硝酸铵和氯化钾为原料、复分解法制硝酸钾工艺中 ,配料、硝酸钾结晶、氯化铵结晶等处操作温度对产量、质量、操作时间等的影响     

罗圈里撞击坑铂族元素异常及粗铂矿的发现及其意义

对 1998年 7月发现的辽宁岫岩县苏子沟镇罗圈里直径 1.8km的撞击坑构造作了一系列地质、地球化学测试工作。从坑内出露的基岩 (下元古界辽河群里尔峪组变质砂岩 )与充填碎屑物质界面上取样 ,经XRD定性分析显示有自然铂、锇铱矿、自然铑、自然铱的存在。进一步对这一类样品作等离子质谱分析 (ICP MS) ,则发现有PGE异常。特别是Pt,Pd ,Ru甚至高于原始地幔的丰度值。进一步淘选坑里重砂样品则发现数颗粗铂矿物。已作电子探针分析表明PGE质量分数 :Pt为 85 .30 % 98.6 8% ,Pd为 0 .45 % 0 .87% ,Rh为 0 .5 6 % 0 .74% ,Os为 0 .6 6 % 1.31% ,Ir为 1.72 % 2 .43% ,Ru为 0 .16 % 0 .31% ,此外Ni为 0 .0 0 % 0 .5 0 % ,Fe为 4.98% 5 .42 %。笔者认为这种PGE元素异常和粗铂矿的发现是陨石及其撞击作用的重要依据之一。     

Geochemical Characteristics of Different Kinds of Crude Oils in the Tarim Basin,Northwest China

Based on the compositions and distributions of biomarkers in thirty-five representative oil samples, oils from the Tarim Basin of northwestern China are mainly divided into two oil families. One oil family contains relatively low amounts of C₁₅-C₂₀ isoprenoid hydrocarbons and shows pristane predominance with Pr/Ph ratios ranging from 1.50 to 3.00. The GC/MS analytical data of these oils show the occurrence of abundant hopanes, and low concentrations of steranes and tricyclic terpanes with hopanes/steranes ratios from 6.25 to 12.24 and tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios from 0.03 to 0.24. These oils contain low drimane relative to homodrimane (C₁₅/C₁₆ < 1.0) and abundant rearranged bicyclanes in bicyclic sesquiterpanes. They are dominated by low carbon number (C₁₉-C₂₁) compounds in the tricyclic terpanes, and are rich in rearranged hopanes, C₂₉Ts and an unknown C₃₀ compound in pentacyclic triterpanes. These geochemical characteristics suggest that the oils were generated mainly from terrigenous organic matter. The other oil family shows remarkably different biomarker compositions and distributions. The oils revealed Pr/Ph ratios of about 1.0, high drimane/homodrimane ratios (>1.0), low hopanes/steranes ratios (0.65–2.50), high tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios (0.30–2.00) and a dominant peak at C₂₃ in tricyclic tepanes, suggesting a marine organic origin. Oil-source rock correlation indicates that these two oil families seem to have been derived from Mesozoic Jurassic-Triassic terrestrial source rocks (shales and coal seams) and Lower Paleozoic Ordovician-Cambrian marine source rocks, respectively.     

Robust估计的算法优化

本文分析了Ｒｏｂｕｓｔ估计收敛慢的原因，提出以最小二乘平差的残差（Ｖ）为初始信息，用Ｌ１估计的权函数所计算的权力初始权，根据迭代计算的残差的大小，及残差的变化所提供的信息，构造出加速收敛的算法，计算结果表明，较之一般的方法，迭代次数显著减少，辨识杠杆点含粗差的能力有较大提高，即搜索粗差的效率有很大提高。     

水下机动目标轨迹跟踪的自适应估计方法

研究了用ＧＰＳ测定基阵坐标，分析了水听器基阵所接收到的声脉冲信号的处理。通过模拟和实测数据的试算，证明了本文提出的模型及方法不但能处理多系统含有粗差的观测值，而且具有良好的跟踪处理机动目标的性能。     

GPS网可靠性强度分析

本文对GPS基线向量网的可靠性进行了探讨,提出了作为相关观测值的单个基线向量的可靠性指标和粗差检验方法,并通过对实测网和模拟网的计算与分析,得出了一些有关GPS基线向量网可靠性设计的建议和结论。     

新疆叶城地区第四纪粗砂砾层沉积及其与昆仑山隆起的关系*

采用粒度分析、岩石岩性分析、砾石统计等方法,本文认为新疆叶城地区第四纪粗砂砾层为冲积-洪积类型。沉积物的组分结构及其空间分布呈带状变化规律。沉积物分布受昆仑山强烈隆起的控制,反映了昆仑山隆起的时代和阶段性。     

高强度粗颗粒金刚石的合成技术研究

在高温高压下,六方晶格的石墨转变为立方晶格的金刚石。选用灰分含量少、气孔分布均匀的T621A石墨为碳源,选择化学成分范围偏值小、杂质含量少的镍锰钴合金为触媒以及优质粉压叶腊石为传压介质,在高温、适压、长时间及其它条件下,合成高强度粗颗粒的优质金刚石取得了良好的效果。