华南两类不同成因花岗岩的铅同位素组成特征

本文论述了华南两类不同成因花岗岩的铅同位素组成特征。不同类型的花岗岩,具有明显不同的铅同位素组成。改造型花岗岩相对富放射成因铅,其铅同位素比值较高,Pb/~(204)Pb>72;且相对富铀铅而贫钍铅,~(208)Pb/~(206)Pb<2.1。同熔型花岗岩则反之。利用有关的铅同位素图解和参数,可对花岗岩的成因类型进行划分。岩石的铅同位素组成与其成岩物质来源的关系,可从铀(钍)铅同位素的演化得到解释。研究结果表明,花岗岩的铅同位素组成特征,能够提供有关成岩物质来源的信息,从而作为划分花岗岩成因类型的又一个稳定同位素标志。     

华南花岗岩系列、类型的Sr、O、Pb、Nd同位素与形成环境

根据数百个Sr、O、Pb、Nd同位素数据,讨论了华南9省深源长江系列与浅源南岭系列及诸广山、大容山、关帝庙、宁芜、德兴和闽浙沿海等类型花岗岩.结合地质构造、岩石学、地球化学、地球物理与遥感等资料,探讨了其形成的控制条件与地质环境.     

关于广西及华南某些地区不同构造单元中的花岗岩含矿性演化的讨论

花岗岩浆侵入于较稳定的构造单元的过程中,沿构造裂隙运行较长距离,由于渗滤作用而产生分异,使花岗岩浆演化较彻底,其晚阶段演化程度高,含矿(锡、钨)性好。广西与华南岩控锡、钨矿化基本上与此种花岗岩有关。花岗岩形成或岩浆侵入在较活动的构造单元时,被侵入的地质体呈塑性或半塑性。如地槽褶皱回返时期,花岗岩几乎与被侵入的地质体一起上升,极少或没有渗透分异现象。花岗岩浆的演化就不彻底。岩体含矿(锡、钨)性差,极少成矿。故被花岗岩浆入侵的构造单元的性质,是引起花岗岩演化程度和含矿性差别的重要因素。     

Experimental Studies of the Solubility of Cassiterite and the Extraction of Tin from Granitic Melts

Experiments indicate that the solubility of cassiterite can be enhanced by increasing either acidity or alkalinity in hydrothermal solutions as a consequence of the duality of tin.The minimum solubility of cassiterite is found in neutral solutions.F-and CL-coordination compounds of Sn can alternate with hydroxyl coordination compounds with changing pH in the solutions.In this case,F^- and Cl^- and OH^- can be substituted with each other.The dissolution reaction of cassiterite is of reducing nature.High temperature and acidic reducing environment are favorable for the dissolution of cassiterite and the trans-port of Sn^2 compounds in fluids or solutions.High-temperature fluoride and chloride fluids can all dissolve,extract and enrich Sn to form F^- and /or Cl-coordination compounds,However,Fplays a more important role than Cl.F-coordination compounds are more stable and efficient than Cl-coordination compounds during the transport an enrichment of Sn in melts or solutions.The solubili-ty of cassiterite and the amount of Sn extracted from granitic melt depend not only on T,P,pH and Eh in the fluids or solutions,but also on the amounts of dissociated F^- and Cl^- in the fluids.