海洋生物对二甲基硫生产的控制作用研究

二甲基硫(DMS)是参与全球硫循环的最主要的海洋生源硫化物,对全球气候变化和环境酸化产生重要影响.海洋中DMS的产生是一个极为复杂的生物学和生态学过程,主要涉及的生物过程包括浮游植物病毒感染、浮游动物摄食和DMSP裂解酶的活动.根据海洋生物活动在二甲基硫的全球生物地球化学循环中所起着的重要作用,作者综述了国际海洋科学工作者十几年来在DMS生物生产过程研究方面的进展.     

浅谈计算机病毒的特征与防御

随着计算机在社会生活各个领域的广泛运用，计算机病毒攻击与防御技术也在不断拓展。据报道，世界各国遭受计算机病毒感染和攻击的事件数以亿计，严重地干扰了正常的人类社会生活，给计算机网络和系统带来了巨大的潜在威胁和破坏。如“SQL蠕虫王”病毒，仅仅数小时就使全球主干网陷入瘫痪，在病毒发作的一周时间内就对全球造成了12亿美元的直接经济损失。“冲击波”病毒给整个互联网带来了几十亿美元的直接经济损失，感染计算机超过了100万台。可以预见，随着计算机、网络应用的不断普及和深入，防御计算机病毒也将越来越受到各个领域的高度重视。     

Establishment and characterization of a new cell line from the kidney of spotted halibut <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verasper variegates</Emphasis>

A cell line,SHK,was derived from the kidney of spotted halibut Verasper variegates.The cell line was subcultured more than 40 passages in minimum essential medium(MEM)supplemented with fetal bovine serum(FBS)and 10 ng ml-1 basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Cell morphology from primary culture and subculture was observed continuously by microscopy.The SHK cell line consisted predominantly of fibroblast-like cells.The cell line was able to grow between 20℃ and 30℃ with the optimum growth at 24℃ and with a reduced growth between 12℃ and 20℃.The growth rate of the cells increased as the proportion of FBS increased from 10% to 20% at 28℃ with optimum growth at the concentration of 20%.The doubling time of the cells was determined to be 44.8 h.Chromosome analysis revealed that 52% of the SHK cells maintained a normal diploid chromosome number (2n=46).The cells were successfully transfected with green fluorescent protein(GFP)reporter plasmids and the expression of GFP gene in the cells indicated the possible utility of the cells in gene expression studies.The cells were infected by lymphosystis disease virus(LCDV)and found to be susceptible to the virus in cytopathic effect(CPE)observation.The infection was confirmed by PCR and electron microscopy experiments,which proved the existence of the viral particles in the cytoplasm of the virus-infected cells.