1987年8月2日江西寻乌震群的近场强地面运动观测及其震源特征分析

使用DCS-302数字磁带记录地震仪组成的临时性流动台网,得到一批寻乌震群的中、小地震近场加速度记录.经过筛选对其中23次地震进行了精确定位,求得了综合断层面解,并将它与主震机制作了比较.测定了较大地震的峰值加速度及震源参数;对该震群的震源特征进行了分析.结果表明此次寻乌震群的震源破裂过程主要受北西向断裂的控制.     

基于地质记录用时域组合模型预测气候变化趋势的初步研究

用时域分析组合模型建立了１００万年来６０°Ｎ６月份太阳辐射量时间序列、宝鸡黄土粒度时间序列、渭南夏季风指数时间序列的动态模型．研究结果表明,时域分析组合模型较好地提取了时间序列的信息,得到的几个显著周期Ｔ＝１３３,１００,８９,４１,２３,１９ｋａ,与地球轨道三要素的变化周期接近．用组合模型拟合实测数据,精度是高的;用其预测未来气候替代性指标时间序列的变化情况,发现未来气候有向干冷方向发展的趋势．时域分析组合模型为研究气候变化趋势提供了一种定量分析、预测的方法．     

一种准刚性基础-桩-土共同作用非线性分析的近似方法

通过与刚性基础-桩群-土体系的比较,对级配碎石水密法填筑路堤-土工格栅(含基底缓冲层)-现浇薄壁筒桩复合地基体系提出了一种准刚性基础-桩-土共同作用的非线性分析近似方法。计算表明,该方法简便、实用,能较好地反映桩、土非线性特性对路堤受力变形的影响。     

新建水坝对下游已建水工建筑物的影响分析

分析了新建水坝及社会经济发展因素对坝下游水流及泥沙的影响，用一个简易河床模型来说明新建大坝后下游河床的演变规律，通过坝下游河床一般演变分析来阐述局部冲刷对已建水工建筑物基础的影响及对已建水工建筑基础的防护措施。     

Numerical analysis and centrifuge modeling of shallow foundations

The influence of non-coaxial constitutive model on predictions of dense sand behavior is investigated in this paper. The non-coaxial model with strain softening plasticity is applied into finite-element program ABAQUS, which is first used to predict the stress-strain behavior and the non-coaxial characteristic between the orientations of the principal stress and principal plastic strain rate in simple shear tests. The model is also used to predict load settlement responses and bearing capacity factors of shallow foundations. A series of centrifuge tests for shallow foundations on saturated dense sand are performed under drained conditions and the test results are compared with the corresponding numerical results. Various footing dimensions, depths of embedment, and footing shapes are considered in these tests. In view of the load settlement relationships, the stiffness of the load-displacement curves is significantly affected by the non-coaxial model compared with those predicted by the coaxial model, and a lower value of non-coaxial modulus gives a softer response. Considering the soil behavior at failure, the coaxial model predictions of bearing capacity factors are more advanced than those of centrifuge test results and the non-coaxial model results;besides, the non-coaxial model gives better predictions. The non-coaxial model predictions are closer to those of the centrifuge results when a proper non-coaxial plastic modulus is chosen.     

Effect of under connected plates on the hydrodynamic efficiency of the floating breakwater

In this paper, the hydrodynamic efficiency of a floating breakwater system is experimentally studied by use of physical models. Regular waves with wide ranges of wave heights and periods are tested. The efficiency of the breakwater is presented as a function of the wave transmission, reflection, and energy dissipation coefficients. Different parameters affecting the breakwater efficiency are investigated, e.g. the number of the under connected vertical plates, the length of the mooring wire, and the wave length. It is found that, the transmission coefficient kt decreases with the increase of the relative breakwater width B/L, the number of plates n and the relative wire length l/h, while the reflection coefficient kr takes the opposite trend. Therefore, it is possible to achieve kt values smaller than 0.25 and kr values larger than 0.80 when B/L is larger than 0.25 for the case of l/h-1.5 and n=4. In addition, empirical equations used for estimating the transmission and reflection coefficients are developed by using the dimensionless analysis, regression analysis and measured data and verified by different theoretical and experimental results.     

海杂波微弱目标分形检测

The target on the sea surface is complex and difficult to detect due to the interference of backscattered returns from the sea surface illuminated by the radar pulse. Detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA） has been used successfully to extract the time-domain Hurst exponent of sea-clutter series. Since the frequency of the sea clutter mainly concentrates around Doppler center so that we consider to extract frequency-do- main fractal characterization and then detect a weak target within sea clutter by using the difference of frequency-domain fractal characterization. The generalized detrended fluctuation analysis （GDFA） is more flexible than traditional DFA owing to its smoothing action for the clutters. In this paper, we apply the GDFA to evaluate the generalized Hurst exponent of sea-clutter series in the frequency domain. The difference of generalized Hurst exponents between different sea-clutter range bins would be used to determine whether the target exists. Moreover, some simulations with the real IPIX radar data have also been demonstrated in order to suooort this conclusion.     

南海叶绿素浓度的时空变化特征分析

运用经验正交函数(EOF)分解方法,分析了 SeaWiFS传感器获取的近13年的逐月叶绿素浓度资料,得出南海叶绿素浓度的空间分布形态及其随时间的变化特征.结果显示,南海叶绿素浓度在空间上主要表现为4种典型的分布结构,而时间上以季节变化为主:EOF1呈现了南海叶绿素浓度近海高、海盆区低的基本分布特征;EOF2显示出夏季越南沿岸激流形叶绿素浓度高值带的存在,除显著的季节变化外,其时间序列也表现出明显的年际变化特征,并与ENSO事件关系紧密;EOF3体现了南海叶绿素浓度随东北季风加强而升高的现象,其高值区分布于东北-西南向的海盆主轴以北,并在吕宋岛西北海域形成一个极大值中心;另外, EOF4反映了叶绿素浓度较短时间尺度的变化规律,在空间分布上表现为明显的三涡结构,与南海海面高度的三涡结构有极好的对应关系.     

数字海图的成果质量评测系统研究

总结归纳了海图要素数据存在的主要质量问题,阐述了评测采用的方法和依据,建立了基于质量评测算子库的海图数据要素检测引擎,初步检测出了海图数据成果质量是否存在问题,存在哪些问题,存在问题的性质、数量、位置,通过对成果的总体质量进行分析评价,最终给出了海图数据成果质量分析检测报告。     

历年影响广西沿海的热带气旋及其灾害成因分析(英文)

登陆或经过广西沿海的热带气旋是一种严重的自然灾害,每年热带气旋所伴随的大风、大雨、风暴潮等灾害造成沿海地区严重的财产损失或人员伤亡。通过对1950~2012年影响广西沿海的热带气旋的统计分析发现,影响广西沿海的热带气旋数量年际变化明显,最多的年份达9个,最少的年份为0个;热带气旋季节分布具有明显规律性,每年的7、8、9三个月为影响高峰月,其次为6、10月;热带气旋从菲律宾以东洋面进入南海后穿过海南省和雷州半岛再次登陆广西沿海的次数最多,该类热带气旋引起的风暴增水平均值为111.2 cm,到达非登陆台风增水的2.6倍。风暴潮灾害的形成与强台风天气系统、全日大潮、河流下泄洪水直接有关。强台风产生巨浪及降雨,使入海河口水位上升,与风暴潮叠加后产生明显的增水,造成巨大的潮灾。