黄渤海带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)渔业生物学参考点估计研究

It is important to find a reliable method to estimate maximum sustainable yield(MSY) or total allowable catch(TAC) for fishery management, especially when the data availability is limited which is a case in China. A recently developed method(CMSY) is a data-poor method, which requires only catch data, resilience and exploitation history at the first and final years of the catch data. CMSY was used in this study to estimate the biological reference points for Largehead hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus, Temminck and Schlegel) in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, based on the fishery data from China Fishery Statistical Year Books during 1986 to 2012. Additionally,Bayesian state-space Schaefer surplus production model(BSM) and the classical surplus production models(Schaefer and Fox) performed by software CEDA and ASPIC, were also projected in this study to compare with the performance of CMSY. The estimated MSYs from all models are about 19.7×104–27.0×104 t, while CMSY and BSM yielded more reasonable population parameter estimates(the intrinsic population growth rate and the carrying capacity). The biological reference points of B/BMSY smaller than 1.0, while F/FMSY higher than 1.0 revealed an over-exploitation of the fishery, indicating that more conservative management strategies are required for Largehead hairtail fishery.     

考虑蜡沉积的深水油井井筒温度压力场模型

蜡沉积影响深水油井井筒流体的温度和压力分布.考虑蜡沉积对深水油井井筒多相流流动特性及传热过程的影响,建立蜡沉积井筒温度、压力场模型,分析产量、地温梯度、管柱管径等因素对井筒蜡沉积速率、温度和压力分布的影响.结果表明:随产量增加,蜡沉积层厚度与沉积速率沿井深从下往上呈现先减少后增加的趋势;随地温梯度增加,最大蜡沉积速率与...     

基于关键气象因子的河北省马铃薯产量预报

基于1983—2019年河北省马铃薯产量数据及同期河北省21个气象站逐旬平均气温、降水量、日照时数,采用因子膨化及相关分析方法,确定影响河北省马铃薯产量的关键气象因子,建立马铃薯产量预报模型,并利用预报模型对1983—2015年马铃薯产量进行回代检验,对2016—2019年马铃薯单产进行预报.结果表明:马铃薯产量对7—...     

细菌胞外多糖的研究进展

多糖在自然界高等植物、藻类、细菌及动物体内均有存在,分布极广。通常植物和藻类来源的多糖较为普遍,但近些年来,微生物来源的多糖越来越引起人们的广泛注意。尤其是细菌和真菌的胞外多糖,因其易于分离纯化而且产量高等优点在工业生产中颇受人们青睐。     

方正县水稻适时育秧、插秧期温度指标与产量的初步分析

1引言方正县是水稻寒地旱育稀植高产栽培技术的发源地。但多年来一直强调4月15日左右开始育秧,5月15日左右开始插秧。由于每年气温高低回暖的早晚变化很大,用统一的时间来要求是不科学的。近几年来结合方正县的水稻生产和气象资料分析,从温度上初步确定了水稻适时育秧与插秧期的温度指标,并进行了科学的预报,对充分利用热量资源指导水稻高产起到了较好的作用。2初步分析根据资料分析和实例,确定日平均气温稳定通过5℃为育苗最适宜期。日平均气温稳定通过12℃为插秧最适宜期。用这两个指标对方正县35a资料进行统计分析结果如下:日平均气温稳…     

21世纪中国主要粮食产区的空间格局特征

Grain production is an important issue for the national economy and the livelihood of the Chinese people. It serves as the foundation of national development and social stability. China is a major grain producer as well as a major grain consumer. The grai…     

山东东部部分虾池低产原因分析

近几年来,尽管山东东部属较好的养虾地区,但仍有一部分低产池子产量常在50kg/亩以下,纠其原因直接表现在一是成活率低,如有的池子成活率仅有百分之十几,甚至更低;二是病害。本文就造成病害的外源因素谈谈看法。     

过度捕捞造成全球海洋渔业的产量损失评估

Many fish stocks in the world are depleted as a result of overexploitation, which reduces stock productivity and results in loss of potential yields. In this study we analyzed the catch trends and approximate thresholds of sustainable fishing for fished stocks to estimate the potential loss of catch and revenue of global fisheries as a result of overexploitation during the period of 1950–2010 in 14 FAO fishing areas. About 35% of stocks in the global marine ocean have or had suffered from overexploitation at present. The global catch losses amounted to 332.8 million tonnes over 1950–2010, resulting in a direct economic loss of US$298.9 billion(constant 2005 US$).Unsustainable fishing caused substantial potential losses worldwide, especially in the northern hemisphere.Estimated potential losses due to overfishing for different groups of resources showed that the low-value but abundant small-medium pelagics made the largest contribution to the global catch loss, with a weight of 265.0 million tonnes. The geographic expansion of overfishing not only showed serial depletion of world's fishery resources, but also reflected how recent trends towards sustainability can stabilize or reverse catch losses.Reduction of global fishing capacity and changes in fishery management systems are necessary if the long-term sustainability of marine fisheries in the world is to be achieved.     

利用基于环境因子的动态产量模型评估西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼

西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼,Illex argentinus,巴塔哥尼亚南部群体是重要的经济种类。海洋环境因子在柔鱼资源分布中起着重要的作用。本研究利用基于环境因子的动态产量模型评估2000-2010年的滑柔鱼的资源量。假设海洋环境因子（滑柔鱼产卵场最适宜海表温度占比）影响动态产量模型的参数K,DIC值表明在正态分布和均匀分布下均是基于环境因子的评估模型优于基本的动态产量模型。阿根廷滑柔鱼的最大可持续产量（MSY）在351600吨到685 100吨之间,资源生物量在1322400吨到1 803 000吨之间,其捕捞死亡系数均小于F_0.1和F_MSY,资源处在良好状态,没有遭受过度捕捞。本研究为应用环境因子在柔鱼类的资源评估与管理提中供了科学的参考方法。     

深圳清理735宗已批未建土地

经过3年努力,安徽省通过矿产资源整合关闭小矿山643个,矿石产量增加54％。