亚热带富铁土的磁学性质及其磁性矿物学

通过５５个亚热带富铁土的磁化率（χ）、频率磁化率(χｆｄ)、非滞后剩磁（ＡＲＭ）和饱 和等温剩磁（ＳＩＲＭ）等磁性参数测定,结合氧化铁化学形态分析和矿物鉴定,初步明确了亚热 带富铁土的磁学特征及其磁性矿物．磁测数据表明富铁土中存在强磁性的矿物,其磁化率χ 与土壤游离氧化铁（Ｆｅｄ）含量呈极显著指数正相关（Ｒ２＝０．５９７１）,频率磁化率χｆｄ与土壤游离氧 化铁含量呈极显著直线正相关（Ｒ２＝０．４２８９）．富铁土的χｆｄ和非滞后磁化率χＡＲＭ。值表明土壤 中的磁性矿物以超顺磁性（ＳＰ）和稳定单畴（ＳＳＤ）颗粒为主,富铁上的χ和χＡＲＭ呈极显著直线 正相关（Ｒ＝ ０．９４２９）,证明富铁土的磁性是由风化成土过程产生的 ＳＰ和 ＳＳＤ磁性颗粒贡献 的．矿物磁测结合Ｘ－衍射证明富铁土中的氧化铁矿物由赤铁矿、磁赤铁矿和针铁矿组成。     

粤西地区红土光谱特性研究

土壤中水分、有机质和氧化铁的含量对其光谱特征有很大影响。本文对粤西红土的有机质光谱指标、水分、氧化铁含量与 野外光谱特征进行分析。研究表明，在短波红外波段，水分含量与野外红土反射光谱关系最密切； 在近红外波段，氧化铁含量与 野外红土反射光谱关系最密切； 在可见光波段，有机质对野外红土光谱影响最大。     

Moessbauer and XRD characterization of contaminated sediments by coal mining drainage in Neath Canal, South Wales, UK

Sediment cores were collected from the upstream of the Neath Canal in South Wales and characterized for their mineral compositions and iron speciation in order to understand the influence of sedimentary properties on the contaminants of heavy metals. The sediments in the canal have been polluted by ocherous precipitate with heavy metals such as arsenic since a major mine water discharge in spring 1993. The sediment core was obtained just from the discharge point in the canal and distinguished into three layers in the field regarding to their physical properties including visible color, sediment particle composition and dryness. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and M6ssbauer spectroscopy revealed vertical variations of minerals and iron species in depth of the sediment profile. The upper layer, reddish-brown, is wet muddy precipitant and is very fine in particle size, consisting mainly of iron oxide and hydroxide. Arsenic is rich in this layer; probably the sorption on iron oxide surface is the main mechanism. The middle layer, 22.0-27.0 cm, is soft deposit in a yellow color and contains sheet silicate, calcite and goethite. The lower part below 27.0 cm is gray to dark gray in color and contains quartz, pyrite, coal particles that are much more similar to normal aquatic sediment. The upper two layers in brown and yellow colors as newly precipitated mud from AMD contain high concentrations of As, Ni under oxic conditions. The lower part as the old canal sediments under reducing conditions contains high Cu and Zn. Chromium is enriched in the limited part of the low layer, just beneath the boundary between the middle and low parts of the sedimentary column, where the redox conditions shifted from oxic to anoxic. It is clear that the distribution of these heavy metals is closely associated with the redox condition reflected in the iron speciation. Thus different treatments are necessary for each layer of the sediment since different mineral and geochemical properties of the sediment will give different impacts on the heavy metals.     

岩溶山区石灰土剖面硅铁铝元素分布特征——以贵州省晴隆县为例

选取贵州省晴隆县岩溶山区石灰土剖面土壤为研究对象,采用土壤学常规测定方法对土壤硅、铁、铝全量及风化度指标进行研究,初步分析了研究区石灰土剖面硅、铁、铝元素含量和分布特征。结果表明:区内土壤质地较黏,应进行土壤改良;土壤中氮、磷流失严重,需加强秸秆还地和增施有机肥;其硅、铁、铝元素含量较高,但主要以矿物态形式存在,受成土要素与环境的制约导致土壤脱硅富铁铝化程度较低,土壤剖面缺乏过渡层,由降雨冲刷易造成水土流失和加剧石漠化,应采取工程和自然保护措施防治植被覆盖减少和生态恶化。      

湘南地区"蓝山式"氧化铁锰矿床成矿机理探讨

在总结氧化铁锰矿特点的基础上,通过"蓝山式"氧化铁锰矿形成条件(基底构造、沉积盆地、矿源层、自然地理条件和新构造改造等)的分析,探讨了"蓝山式"氧化铁锰矿的成矿机理.     

添加氧化铁废渣和锰矿粉净化虾池底质的研究

本文就有关用含铁炉渣可改善虾池底质技术及效果进行研究。 1 材料和方法 1.1 底质泥样的采集和分离 于1991年5月3日和5月9日分别在厦门高崎和同安西柯虾池及毗邻的滩涂采集表层沉积物,密封于聚乙烯盒中,运回实验室用角质药匙挖取代表性泥样,装     

盐酸羟胺—柠檬酸体系提取土壤中的游离氧化铁

对盐酸羟胺柠檬酸体系（９５℃水浴加热）提取土壤中游离氧化铁的实验条件进行了研究。在所选的实验条件下,该体系对土壤中游离氧化铁的提取能力与常用的连二亚硫酸钠柠檬酸钠重碳酸钠（ＤＣＢ法）体系相当,但避免了ＤＣＢ法中引入Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ４给随后分离和测定造成的沉淀、基体效应等各种弊端。方法的精密度较好,ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝６）为２．５％～３．０％。     

磁性氧化铁阳极的研制及其电化学行为

采用烧结法,研制了一种磁性氧化铁阳极,该电极机械性能较好,电阻率不高。在海水、海淡混合水、淡水及盐渍土多种介质中动电位极化和恒电流电解试验表明,电极极化不大,消耗率低,进一步改进电极构形和尺寸后,可在上述环境中试用。