水文时间序列周期识别的新思路与两种新方法

针对水文序列周期识别的困难,提出首先对原序列处理,再识别周期的新思路,同时提出两种新方法:一种是模拟延长序列法,即通过建模延长原序列,再应用最大熵谱分析法(MESA)对延长序列识别周期;另一种方法是构建主频序列法,应用小波重构法重构原序列主频部分,然后应用MESA对重构序列进行周期识别。结合实例,运用多种方法对同一序列进行周期识别。分析结果表明:由于受序列长度偏短、偏态性、复杂随机成分等因素的影响,传统单一处理方法(周期图法、FFT、MESA、小波分析)周期识别效果并不理想,而使用两种新方法可以有效地减小或消除上述因素的影响,周期识别效果有明显改善。     

动态

深圳“绿色建筑年”大幕初启;北京最大面积“平改坡”工程全面完工;河南召开城镇供水协会2007年年会;山东确定2008年重点建设投资方向;上海严查房地产市场违法违规案件;江西省省长寄希望于省建设系统     

油气勘探风险评价的偏最小二乘-最大熵法模型及应用

油气勘探风险的定量评价一直是国内外研究的难点。作者在分析传统风险评价方法的优缺点、剖析偏最小二乘法和最大熵法优势的基础上,首次提出了偏最小二乘-最大熵（PLSME）风险分析模型。偏最小二乘法较好地实现了多元线性回归、主成分分析和典型相关分析的有效综合,通过自变量的PLS回归线性处理,不仅能消除粗差解决变量之间的相关性问题,而且能辨识每一个自变量对因变量的控制程度;最大熵法通过对偏最小二乘得出的风险因子与总经济效益净现值关系式的检验,利用最大值、最小值和最可能值的训练,能了解指标最终服从的概率分布,客观得出风险的大小。两者结合起来构建的PLSME模型,能使风险评价结果更加准确、合理和客观。通过对四川德阳新场气田的实例应用,表明偏最小二乘一最大熵评价方法科学可行,对同类研究具有借鉴作用。     

Remediation and restoration of metal-contaminated sites： Concepts and appfications to mining areas

Metals, including heavy metals and metalloids, are a common group of environmental contaminants. Their sources in the environment are geogenic or anthropogenic. The growing trend in global industrialization ensures that more metals could be dispersed even in pristine ecosystems. To fuel industrialization, more metal ore mines have to be discovered and explored. These explorations often result in landscape disturbance, soil degradation and environmental contamination by unwanted mining constituents. Mine tailings brought up to the ground surface often serve as the main source of contaminants when these pyrite-rich materials oxidize. The oxidation of mine tailings results in proton generation, coupled with the dissolution of metals and other cations Unwanted anionic constituents are also produced. The so-called ＂acid mine drainage＂ may affect the productivity of farmlands and stability of receiving streams and other bodies of water-acidifying the waters and enriching the ecosystem with metals, i.e., high total dissolved solids. The acidified overburden materials become inhospitable to plant and microbial life as they are typically low in organic matter content and infertile. This exposes the landscape to runoff and erosion.     

Influence of humic acid on bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments

The mimetic ocean environment and chemical method were used to research the bioavailability effect of humic acid on five heavy metals in sediment, including Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni. The sediment was separated into four containers with artificial seawater, and each of them had different concentrations of humic acid. The values of concentrations covered the whole range found in natural sediment （0.1%-10%）. According to the 48 hours LC50 of clam and distribution coefficient, metals were added in artificial seawater, and their speciation was determined at first and then after two days＇ incubation. It was found the bioavailability of heavy metals was reduced in the presence of humic acid. The obvious negative effect on Zn was observed, but the influence on Cd was not remarkable. In addition, the contents of Pb and Ni increased obviously in organic phase, and they are correlative with the concentrations of humic acid.     

世界主要国家的废纸利用率

随着原油价格的不断高涨以及原材料成本的持续上升，具有十分显循环利用价值的废纸利用，再次受到了各国政府和民间的高度关注。     

吉林台爆破料应力应变关系的三轴试验研究

通过室内大型三轴实验，研究了吉林台水库爆破料在不同级配下的应力应变关系，得到了在一定击实功下爆破料的最大干密度随细料含量变化的规律，分析了爆破料在不同级配和不同围压下应力与应变的变化规律、轴向应变与体积应变的关系及抗剪强度变化特性．从微观的角度说明了变化规律产生的原因，得出爆破料的抗剪强度随级配的变化而变化的规律．     

基于DMN的高光谱图像分割方法研究

简述高光谱遥感光谱特征体系(包括光谱曲线特征、光谱变换特征和光谱度量特征3个层面)。研究马尔科夫网的概念和方法,生成基于光谱角(SA)特征度量的DMN,并以DMN为证据对高光谱图像进行分割;研究和实验表明基于SA信息的马尔科夫网可以很好地综合高光谱数据空间特征与光谱特征间的关系,为进一步数据处理提供优化控制(其实质是概率神经网络)。最后提出未来应用和研究方向。     

阿塞拜疆发生“橙色”警报

2005年6月18日，“橙色”风暴在阿塞拜疆首都巴库刮起，大约两万名示威者采用橙色标识，效仿乌克兰“橙色革命”，在巴库市中心广场举行集会，要求阿利耶夫政府下台，并举行自由的议会选举，这是阿塞拜疆数年来爆发的最大规模示威。