中国通量观测网络(ChinaFLUX)通量观测空间代表性初步研究

涡度相关系统的观测结果可以代表发生在特定表面或某一部分表面的物理过程.这样,由点到面的空间代表性就成为通量观测中不可忽视的问题.运用FSAM模型结合实际观测数据对中国通量网各站通量观测的空间代表性做了初步的分析研究.结果表明随着大气稳定度的增强、观测高度的升高和下垫面粗糙度的减小,通量贡献区有被拉长的趋势,且沿上风向逐渐远离观测点,这表明通量观测值所代表的下垫面平均状况的范围有所扩大.对于一个观测点而言,在观测高度和下垫面状况一定的情况下,通量贡献最大点和源权重函数最小点距观测塔的距离受大气稳定度的影响,大气越稳定,通量贡献最大点Smx和源权重函数最小点χ1距观测塔的距离(分别为Dmx和Dmin)越大.Dmax和Dmin对下垫面粗糙度和观测高度变化的响应是,随着粗糙度的增加和观测高度的减小,Dmx和Dmin均变小.本研究给出了在不同大气稳定度状况下,对各通量站通量观测值贡献90%时的通量贡献区长度,结合各站点的盛行风向以及通量贡献区对各种影响因素响应规律的分析,使我们对各通量站点通量观测的空间代表性形成了初步的认识.本研究虽然仅可做为实际应用中的参考,但其结果可为通量观测数据的质量控制,解释通量数据不确定性产生的原因提供一定的理论依据.     

武昌电离层E-F谷区白天变化形态

本文利用文献[4]的分析程序对武昌地区三年共300多张频高图作了剖面换算和统计分析,得出白天E-F谷区电离的基本形态并发现一些新的变化特征;对分析结果的可能原因提出了讨论。     

浅谈太原西山风声沟水泥石灰岩矿地质特征及找矿标志

太原西山风声沟水泥石灰岩矿床产于中奥陶统峰峰组二段地层中,是受地层控制的海相沉积型层状矿床,阐述了该矿床的地质特征及找矿标志.     

Impacts of Climatic Factors on Runoff Coefficients in Source Regions of the Huanghe River

Runoff coefficients of the source regions of the Huanghe River in 1956–2000 were analyzed in this paper. In the 1990s runoff of Tangnaihai Hydrologic Station of the Huanghe River experienced a serious decrease, which had at- tracted considerable attention. Climate changes have important impact on the water resources availability. From the view of water cycling, runoff coefficients are important indexes of water resources in a particular catchment. Kalinin baseflow separation technique was improved based on the characteristics of precipitation and streamflow. After the separation of runoff coefficient (R/P), baseflow coefficient (Br/P) and direct runoff coefficient (Dr/P) were estimated. Statistic analyses were applied to assessing the impact of precipitation and temperature on runoff coefficients (including Dr/P, Br/P and R/P). The results show that in the source regions of the Huanghe River, mean annual baseflow coefficient was higher than mean annual direct runoff coefficient. Annual runoff coefficients were in direct proportion to annual pre- cipitation and in inverse proportion to annual mean temperature. The decrease of runoff coefficients in the 1990s was closely related to the decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature in the same period. Over different sub-basins of the source regions of the Huanghe River, runoff coefficients responded differently to precipitation and temperature. In the area above Jimai Hydrologic Station where annual mean temperature is –3.9oC, temperature is the main factor in- fluencing the runoff coefficients. Runoff coefficients were in inverse relation to temperature, and precipitation had nearly no impact on runoff coefficients. In subbasin between Jimai and Maqu Hydrologic Station Dr/P was mainly affected by precipitation while R/P and Br/P were both significantly influenced by precipitation and temperature. In the area be-tween Maqu and Tangnaihai hydrologic stations all the three runoff coefficients increased with the rising of annual precipitation, while direct runoff coefficient was inversely proportional to temperature. In the source regions of the Huanghe River with the increase of average annual temperature, the impacts of temperature on runoff coefficients be-come insignificant.     

栖霞地区金矿床特征及找矿方向

栖霞地区金矿点繁多,但仅有两处规模近中型的金矿床。根据对马家窑、台前金矿床特征及成矿地质条件的分析,并与招莱地区金矿床进行类比,认为栖霞地区金矿成矿条件与招莱地区基本相似,但由于重熔花岗岩体侵位较深,含矿热液未能运移至浅部,因而热液矿床赋存深度较大,地表及浅部金矿呈现“矿点多,规模小”的分布特点。栖霞地区深部找金潜力很大,重点勘查区应为隐伏的深熔、重熔花岗岩发育区,以及ＮＥ、ＮＮＥ向断裂及其下盘次级断裂所在部位。     

A semi-analytical solution for frost heave prediction of clay soil

Frost heave is one of the main freezing problems for construction in permafrost regions.The Konrad-Morgenstern segregation potential（SP） model is being used in practice for frost heave using numerical techniques.However,the heat release from in-situ and migrated water in the freezing zone could result in some numerical instability,so the simulation of frost fringe is not ideal.In this study,a semi-analytical solution is developed for frost heave prediction of clay soil.The prediction results to the two tests with different freezing mode with clay soil agree well with the tested behavior,which indicates the feasibility of the solution.     

青海黄金勘探目标直指千吨级资源基地

青海省国土资源厅吸引优强企业和商业资本助力地质找矿勘查,使以往前景不十分看好的东昆仑地区正在成为我国著名金成矿带,近年累计提交金资源量430吨,近期远景可达700吨,形成一条以东昆仑为主自东向西贯穿我省腹部的金腰带,初步形成6大金矿勘查开发基地。有专家评价,青海有望形成新的国家级黄金基地,目标直指千吨级资源基地,都兰也因而有望成为中国新的金都。