巴基斯坦重要金属成矿带遥感战略选区研究

巴基斯坦位于全球成矿区划的特提斯成矿域东段,与我国的班公湖—怒江、冈底斯铜多金属矿带同处一个成矿带上,矿产资源丰富。本次研究充分利用遥感技术优势,采用多平台卫星遥感数据,对巴基斯坦重要金属成矿带开展遥感地质解译、蚀变信息提取及综合分析,优选出了7个战略选区,圈定了可供优先开展地质工作的4处找矿有利地段,为我国企业"走出去"开展境外矿产资源勘查提供技术支撑和基础地质矿产信息。     

新疆基本地理信息

中国面积最大、边境线最长的省区　新疆维吾尔自治区,地处亚欧大陆中部,是我国西北边陲.面积166万多平方千米,约占全国总面积的1/6,是我国面积最大的省区.它内与甘肃省、青海省、西藏自治区相邻,外与蒙古、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、阿富汗、巴基斯坦、印度等8个国家接壤,国界线长5 400多千米,约占我国陆地国界总长的1/4,是我国交界邻国最多、边境线最长的省区.     

2011年1月19日巴基斯坦发生7.1级地震

中国地震台网中心和美国地质调查局(USGS)公布的该地震的参数如下:1中国地震台网中心发震时间:北京时间2011年1月19日04时23分;震中位     

Temporal variations of mesozooplankton abundance and biomass in the mangrove creek area along the Karachi coast, Pakistan

The temporal variations of mesozooplankton abundance and biomass （1-Volumetric method by settling volume and displacement volume and 2- Gravimetric method through wet weight, dry weight and ash-free dry weight） with relation to environmental parameters were studied in the mangrove creek area of Karachi coast, Pakistan. The data of mesozooplankton samples along with environmental parameters （temperature, salinity, pH, etc.） were collected during January 1998 to December 1998 from two creek stations. The abun-dance of mesozooplankton also exhibited seasonal trends at both stations. At Sta. S2, the highest and low-est abundance values were observed during post-monsoon and southwest monsoon respectively whereas, at Sta. S1, a clear trend of high abundance in pre-monsoon to low abundance in southwest monsoon was observed. Mesozooplankton abundance was also positively correlated with settling volume, displacement volume, wet weight and dry weight. The highest biomass value was observed in the northeast monsoon and pre-monsoon periods. The results of the canonical analysis of the output from the discriminate function was tested. Out of fifteen variables, only one was significantly different in single character ratios dry weight/ash free-dry weight （F3,23=4.78,P＆lt;0.005）. The mesozooplankton community was collectively composed of 28 taxa. Among these groups, copepoda （66.3%）, gastropod larvae （9.94%）, evadne （4.60%）, zoea （3.60%）, cypris nauplii （2.56%）, lemellibranch larvae （1.87%）, chaetognaths （1.81%）, ostracods （1.73%）, lucifer （1.15%） and barnacles nauplii （1.35%） contributed the most to the similarities within Sta. S1, while copepoda （74.68%）, cypris nauplii （5.29%）, gastropods （4.87%）, barnacles nauplii （4.81%）, evadne （1.72%）, zoea （1.53%） and ca-ridean larvae （1.18%） at Sta. S2. The remaining mesozooplanktonic group were accounted for less than 5% and 6% at Sta. S1 and Sta. S2 respectively, of the total organisms. Similarity perce     

中巴边境的哨卡——红其拉甫

正红其拉甫口岸位于帕米尔高原上的塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县县城附近,海拔4700多米,是中国与巴基斯坦边界的通商口岸,是中国西部的重要门户。红其拉甫哨卡在中巴边境,离红其拉甫口岸约100千米,位于中     

基于子带干涉测量技术的巴基斯坦地震形变获取研究

2013年9月24日发生在巴基斯坦俾路支省(Balochistan)境内阿瓦兰县(Awaran)的MW7.7级地震,在地表产生了最大达10m的滑动量.利用TerraSAR-X短波雷达数据获取的InSAR同震形变场产生了密集且大范围的干涉条纹,给后续的相位解缠带来困难.而子带干涉法是一种无需或只需进行少量相位解缠,即可获得绝对相位差的新方法.其主要思路是通过缩减带宽以增长波长,从而减少干涉条纹数,降低解缠难度或不需解缠直接得到绝对相位差.但由于带宽的缩减,导致噪声的增大和旁瓣带来的额外干扰,使干涉图质量下降,因此在子带干涉参数选取、噪声滤波以及处理流程等方面需要特殊处理,特别是子带的中心频率和带宽的选取会很大程度地影响测量精度.首先选取典型DEM实验区,以干涉图相干性和误差为评价指标,利用逐步参数选取法,研究相关参数对子带干涉测量的影响,制定最优的参数方案,认识参数选取的原则和方法.在此基础上,将子带干涉应用于巴基斯坦地震的同震形变场获取.最后,将子带干涉、Landsat 8光学影像的交叉频谱相关法、offset-tracking、常规DInSAR获取的同震形变场进行比较,并与模型拟合的形变场进行对比分析.结果表明,子带干涉虽然会受失相干的影响,其提取的形变场范围相较于Landsat 8和offset-tracking有所缺失,但在共同覆盖的区域其精度和噪声水平更优,相比较于常规DInSAR,更适用于条纹密集和形变量大的地区.     

Detectability and reliability analysis of the local seismic network in Pakistan

The detectability and reliability analysis for the local seismic network is performed employing by Bungum and Husebye technique.The events were relocated using standard computer codes for hypocentral locations.The de-tectability levels are estimated from the twenty-five years of recorded data in terms of 50%,90%and 100% cumu-lative detectability threshokls,which were derived from frequency-magnitude distribution.From this analysis the 100%level of detectability of the network is ML=1.7 for events which occur within the network.The accuracy in hypocentral solutions of the network is investigated by considering the fixed real hypocenter within the network.The epicentral errors are found to be less than 4km then the events occur within the network.Finally.the prob-lems faced during continuous operation of the local network,which effects its detectability,are discussed.     

巴基斯坦地方地震台网的检测能力和可靠性分析

利用Bungum和Husebye的方法，分析了地方地震台网的检测能力和可靠性．用标准的计算机定位程序重新测定了地震位置．根据25年的地震记录，分别由震级-频度关系导出的50%、90%和100%的累积检测率估计了检测水平．对台网内地震，相应于100%检测率的震级下限为ＭＬ＝1.7．用台网内固定的实际震源，研究了台网对震源位置的测定精度．对网内地震，震中测定误差小于4 km．最后讨论了台网连续工作时可能会遇到的影响检测能力的一些问题．      

Biogeochemical Study of Tamarix Aphylla from Lasbela Area and Its Application in Prospecting of Ore Deposits

Biogeochemical investigation of Tamarix aphylla,a plant species, of the Las-bela area has been made.This area mainly consists of ophiolites associated with sed-imentary rocks of Jurassic and Cretaceous age .Quantitative estimations of important biogenic trace elements such as Fe,Mn,Pb,Zn,Cu,Cr,Ni, and Co have been carried out .Anomalous concentrations of these elements in plant species of certain regions can be used to locate possible occurrences of ore deposits in the area.The comparative strdy also reveals appreciable variations in the composition of trace elements in plants.The possible causes of variation in the constitrents of Tamarix aphylla from different localities have been discussed in the light of bed rock nature, mo-bility of element and average abundance in the plant.     

“运用空间定位 巧记人口大国”

世界上人口数量超过一亿的国家有11个，分别是中国、印度、美国、印度尼西亚、俄罗斯、巴西、日本、尼日利亚、盂加拉国、巴基斯坦、墨西哥。因为这些国家分布在不同的大洲且数量较多，记忆起来比较困难，而且也容易遗忘。笔者根据学生的特点，总结出一种记忆这11个国家的方法，效果较好，与大家一起分享。