Sequences in the Hardness Ratio-Peak Energy Plane of Gamma-Ray Bursts

The narrowness of the distribution of the peak energy of the vFv spectrum of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and the unification of GRB populations are great puzzles yet to be solved. We investigate the two puzzles based on the global spectral behaviors of different GRB populations, the long GRBs, the short GRBs, and the X-ray flashes (XRFs), in the HR - Ep plane (HR the spectral hardness ratio) with BATSE and HETE-2 observations. It is found that the long GRBs and the XRFs observed by HETE-2 seem to follow the same sequence in the HR-Ep plane, with the XRFs at the low end of this sequence. We fit the sequence by a universal Band function, and find that this sequence is mainly defined by the low energy index α, and is insensitive to the high energy index,β. With fixed β=-5, a best fit is given by α=-1.00 with X^2min/dof=2.2. The long and short GRBs observed by BATSE follow significantly different sequences in the HR-Ep plane, with most of the short GRBs having a larger hardness ratio than the long GRBs at a given Ep. For the long GRBs a best-fit yields α=-0.30 and β=-2.05. For the short GRBs, a best fit gives α=-0.60 with x^2min=1.1 (withβfixed at-2.0 because it is numerically unstable). The α value for the short GRBs is significantly greater than that for the long GRBs. These results indicate that the global spectral behaviors of the long GRB sample and the XRF sample are similar, while that of the short GRBs is different. The short GRBs seem to be a unique subclass of GRBs, and they are not the higher energy extension of the long GRBs.     

测绘生产计划统计管理应用系统的建立

基于windows软件平台及foxpro工具软件开发的“测绘生产计划统计管理应用系统 (PPCMAS)”是一种较为科学的测绘生产管理模式 ,具有较先进的技术性和通用性 ,并以多媒体方式实现信息查询和综合统计图形显示、文字说明及统计报表 ,解决了规划和管理等问题 ,提供了数据录入、资源查询、统计生成、专家系统壳、显示输出、信息通讯等多方面的功能     

变形分析的Bayes估计与检验

由于观测条件的变化，观测值方差将产生随机波动。本文根据Ｂａｙｅｓ估计理论，推导了线性模型待估参数的分布函数及观测值方差估计公式，并将其用于位移检验。计算结果表明，在同样的置信度下，本方法更符合实际。文中还对参数估值的统计性质进行了讨论。     

土地评价的基本理论问题初探

近年来,随着大规模的土壤普查和农业自然资源调查工作的结束,为土地评价研究提供了大量的数据和图件资料,促使土地评价应该向纵深的方向发展,借鉴和总结国内外研究的经验,不断完善理论,丰富实践.为土地利用规划和国土规划服务。本文就土地评价的几个理论问题作一些初步探讨。一、土地评价的概念土地评价是以不同土地利用为目的。估价土地潜力和土地适宜性的过程,它的实质是对土地生产力高低的鉴定。土地评价的基本特征是比较土地利用的要求和土地质量的供给(Dent and Young.1981)。     

2001-2002年上海天文台卫星激光测距观测报告

介绍了 2 0 0 1- 2 0 0 2年上海天文台卫星激光测距观测概况和亚厘米级精度的测距实验     

旧村改造中的若干土地问题分析

近两年来,根据省委、省政府的部署,我市开始实施了"千村整治、百村示范"工程,各地积极地开展了旧村改造.旧村改造是改善城乡环境质量,提高人民生活质量,加快新农村建设,推进城市化进程,实现城乡一体化战略的基本途径之一.旧村改造虽说是一件惠及千家万户的好事,但由于该项工作事关村民很具体的种种利益分配和要求,在旧村改造时应当充分考虑村民的生活、生产、就业等各方面利益.