The Statistical Analysis of Migration of Strong Earthquakes-Taking the North China Region asan Example

The migration of strong earthquakes is an important research topic because the migration phenomena reflect partly the seismic mechanism and involve the prediction of tendency of seismic activity. Research on migration of strong earthquakes has mostly focused on finding the phenomena. Some attempts on getting regularity were comparatively subjective. This paper suggests that there should be indices of migration in earthquake dataset and the indexes should have statistical meaning if there is regularity in the migration of strong earthquakes. In this study, three derivative attributes of migration, i.e., migration orientation, migration distance and migration time interval, were statistically analyzed. Results in the North China region show that the migration of strong earthquakes has statistical meaning. There is a dominant migration orientation (W by S to E by N), a dominant distance ( ≤ 100kin and on the confines of 300 ～ 700km), and a dominant time interval ( ≤ la and on the confines of 3 - 4a). The results also show that the migration will differ slightly with different magnitude range or earthquake activity phase.     

TPS测设道路填挖边线方法探讨

道路建设中，测设填挖线是经常遇到的问题，就此提出了TPS(全站仪)在任意控制点设站、测定辅助点和填挖点的放样方法。该方法的关键之处是，利用曲线要素推算各放样点的坐标，然后在道路施工现场附近选择一视野开阔的控制点安置TPS，一次性放样出全视野内的辅助点和填挖点，并连接填挖点组成填挖边线。为保证各阶削坡的精度，应注意保护各辅助点的平面位置，正确地削出最上阶平台，以控制以下各阶削坡。而以往的放样方法是抬竿法，需要在逐个横断面多次设站，用定向、量距、抬高的方法放样填挖点。这种方法的缺点是：效率低下，作业难度大，累计误差大。显然，用TPS一次设站，放样若干横断面填挖点的方法，提高了施工效率，降低了作业难度，且提高了放样点的精度。