前言：首届亚洲流体包裹体研究国际会议

ACROFI, abbreviation of the Asian Current Research on Fluid Inclusions, is a parallel of ECROFI and PACROFI. The first conference of ACROFI （ACROFI-I） was held at Nanjing University, China on 26 -28 May 2006. ACROFI was designed as a biennial conference and aimed at providing an international forum for the exchange of latest researches and new ideas of geoscientists from academy, government and industry from Asian countries and other nations focusing on studies of both fluid and silicate inclusions.     

剖析电视气象节目的直接感观美

从电视气象节目的画面与主持人的举止言行等方面进行分析,找出直观展现出气象节目特性与风采切入点。     

Effect of the lower boundary position of the Fourier equation on the soil energy balance

In this study, the effect of the lower boundary position selection for the Fourier equation on heat transfer and energy balance in soil is evaluated. A detailed numerical study shows that the proper position of the lower boundary is critical when solving the Fourier equation by using zero heat flux as the lower boundary condition. Since the position defines the capacity of soil as a heat sink or source, which absorbs and stores radiation energy from the sky in summer and then releases the energy to the atmosphere in winter, and regulates the deep soil temperature distribution, the depth of the position greatly influences the heat balance within the soil as well as the interaction between the soil and the atmosphere. Based on physical reasoning and the results of numerical simulation, the proper depth of the position should be equal to approximately 3 times of the annual heat wave damping depth. For most soils, the proper lower boundary depth for the Fourier equation should be around 8 m to 15 m, depending on soil texture.     

海洋天然气水合物发育顶界的模拟计算

天然气水合物顶界的确定对于其资源评价十分重要,但目前还没有很好的方法来确定.本文利用在甲烷-硫酸根（SMI）界面硫酸根与甲烷所消耗的量相等和水-天然气水合物二相体系甲烷溶解度模型,建立了水合物顶界埋深计算的数学模型,并考虑硫酸根氧化有机质和微生物原位甲烷生成的影响.计算的ODP1245和IODP1327站位水合物顶界埋深分别为53 mbsf和83 mbsf,与钻探获得的水合物顶界埋深相吻合.     

应用航磁资料研究大巴山地区基底构造的初步结果

对大巴山地区最新1:20万航磁资料进行处理,分析大巴山地区航磁异常特点,找出推覆体下磁性结晶基底存在的证据;通过帕克尔界面反演法定量反演计算出磁性结晶基底的深度及范围,确定四川盆地的结晶基底应以陕西安康-竹山断裂为界;重新厘定盆地东北部边界,计算出大巴山推覆带推覆距离约100 km,并推测推覆带下可能存在四川盆地沉积地层。为巴山地区深浅部构造关系的系统解析以及四川盆地油气勘探远景提供一定的参考。     

A New Strategy for Solving a Class of Constrained Nonlinear Optimization Problems Related to Weather and Climate Predictability

There are three common types of predictability problemsin weather and climate, which each involve different constrained nonlinearoptimization problems: the lower bound of maximum predictable time, theupper bound of maximum prediction error, and the lower bound of maximumallowable initial error and parameter error. Highly efficient algorithmshave been developed to solve the second optimization problem. And thisoptimization problem can be used in realistic models for weather and climateto study the upper bound of the maximum prediction error. Although afiltering strategy has been adopted to solve the other two problems, directsolutions are very time-consuming even for a very simple model, whichtherefore limits the applicability of these two predictability problems inrealistic models. In this paper, a new strategy is designed to solve theseproblems, involving the use of the existing highly efficient algorithms forthe second predictability problem in particular. Furthermore, a series ofcomparisons between the older filtering strategy and the new method areperformed. It is demonstrated that the new strategy not only outputs thesame results as the old one, but is also more computationally efficient.This would suggest that it is possible to study the predictability problemsassociated with these two nonlinear optimization problems in realisticforecast models of weather or climate.     

改进区域生长算法的海洋航道浅剖底质层界智能识别

海底勘测对海洋资源开发利用保护、海洋工程建设和国防安全等具有重要意义,浅地层剖面仪是一种能够勘测海底浅表层底质分布的声学设备,目前剖面仪的底质识别精度取决于操作者的主观性,可靠性较差,为提高效率和解译精度,需进一步研究底质层界自动识别模型。本文提出了适用于海底底质层界识别且不需要人工干预的区域生长改进算法,即在灰度映射和噪声剔除研究的基础上,研究根据迭代最大类间差算法提取图像层界骨架信息,将骨架信息作为初始生长点位,以流变特性修正生长指向,结合灰度加权映射曲线和峰谷波长约束生长邻域,通过本文算法分割层界,提取边缘、连接成线,从而实现海底底质层界识别。连云港港航道浅剖实测数据试验证明,本文算法能够有效识别底质层界,且识别精度达到厘米级,满足海底底质解译分析要求。     

阿尔金断裂带东北段地球物理场特征分析——兼与李占奎同志商榷“真正的阿尔金断裂”

本文通过地球物理场分析,对阿尔金断裂带的位置、性质和产状进行了探讨,并结合断裂末端效应在地球物理场的反映,对阿尔金断裂东北端延伸问题,有一个明确看法。     

不同大尺度强迫条件下考虑初始场与侧边界条件不确定性的对流尺度集合预报试验

研究了不同大尺度强迫条件下的暴雨个例中,考虑不同尺度特征的初始扰动与侧边界扰动相互作用构造对流尺度集合预报的可行性,为进一步构建“自适应”于不同强对流天气的对流尺度集合预报系统提供依据。结果表明,在大尺度强迫显著的个例1中,以大尺度扰动信息为主的动力降尺度的增长趋势较集合转换卡尔曼滤波(ETKF)更为显著,且总扰动能量在预报中后期超过集合转换卡尔曼滤波,而在大尺度强迫较弱的个例2中,集合转换卡尔曼滤波扰动能量始终高于动力降尺度。此外,当大尺度强迫显著时,初始扰动与侧边界扰动相匹配会产生相互促进的作用,而不匹配时初始扰动会在预报中后期抑制侧边界扰动的发展,当大尺度强迫较弱时,即使是互相间不匹配的初始扰动与侧边界扰动也能在大部分预报时段起到相互促进的作用,说明初始扰动与侧边界扰动的相互作用机制不仅与天气形势相关,也与二者是否匹配挂钩,另外,扰动的发展特征同样依赖于天气形势;从集合离散度的角度来看,当大尺度强迫明显时,侧边界扰动的作用会在更短的时间内取代初始扰动,从而对离散度起到主导地位;两种初始扰动方法相比,集合转换卡尔曼滤波在多数情况下对总离散度的贡献均大于动力降尺度;从降水量预报及概率预报情况来看,大尺度强迫明显的个例可预报性更高,且各集合成员间的差异较小,大尺度强迫较弱的个例则相反,且当两种初始扰动方案与侧边界扰动相结合时,较仅侧边界扰动均有一定提高。