沙漠表层粒度与水热变化的环境效应分析──以古尔班通古特沙漠为例

重点探讨了古尔班通古特沙漠不同类型沙漠区（流动沙漠和固定沙漠区）表层沙粒度组成特征及其与热量传输和含水率的相互关系。实地测量和采样分析结果表明:不同类型沙漠区的粒度结构组成与沙层热量传输、水份迁移和沙面蒸散直接相关,并且对地表的感热和潜热以及沙漠对气候的反馈起到了重要作用。同时,沙漠表层粒度与水热传输变化过程,直接影响沙漠区植物成活率与生长,并对沙漠气候与环境变化产生重要影响。     

关于巡航执法系统广域通信网传输手段的讨论

目前计算机广域通信网的通信手段主要有：中国分组交换网，中国公共数字数据网和甚小口径卫星终端网等几种。本文通过从系统入网文革方式，支持数据格式，数据通信速率有主投资等方面的简要分析，提出巡航执法系统广域通信网传输手段的选择。     

“HY-1”卫星COCTS水色遥感器精确瑞利散射算法研究

“HY-1”卫星是我国自主研制发射的第一颗海洋卫星,水色遥感器COCTS具有8个可见光(412,443,490,520,565,670 nm)、近红外通道(750,865 nm)以及2个热红外通道(10.30~11.40,11.40~12.50μm).COCTS遥感器上采用了多元并扫技术用以提高遥感器的信噪比和探测灵敏度,但是由于并扫会带来像元旋转的问题,于是我国“HY-1”卫星水色遥感器COCTS上采用了K镜消旋技术,而K镜消旋技术带来的一个消极影响是偏振响应很大,通过发射前实验室监测结果发现其值达到了8%.     

具有泡沫白帽的粗糙海面的后向散射

本文用迭代法求解离散球形粒子的矢量辐射传输方程和随机粗糙界面的边界条件,得到了强风驱使下产生泡沫白帽散射粒子的双尺度随机粗糙海面模型的后向散射.利用修正的Cox和Munk的海面大尺度起伏概率密度函数和Pierson的海面波高谱,得到了后向散射的数值结果,定量地给出了后向散射和风场大小、方向、视角、极化等特征参数之间的函数关系,并与实验数据进行了很好的比较和讨论.     

极轨气象卫星轨道报的自动传输提取和管理

更新和定时提供准确的轨道参数是保障获高质量极轨卫星资料的关键环节，本文介绍了卫星轨道报内容及格式，同时介绍了卫星轨道报自动传输提取和管理，并给出了实际运行情况和效果。     

一种用于短波传输的纠错方法

本介绍了笔在OSB－1近海遥测浮标网中采用的三维监督码纠错方法。该方法可纠正短波传输中一定长度的空发错误，而且在两个突发错误之间还容许存在离散错误，不需无错误的保障区。章叙述了其编码方法以及在模拟干扰信道情况下的纠错效果。     

一个通用的串行通讯传输协议

通过对ISO定义与OSI模型的各个不同层面的讨论，指出具体定义的内容和方法，实现自动数据采系统间或自动采集系统与上位数据机间数据交换，由于采用模块化，结构化设计思路，使这个协议易于实现并具有很妇的可扩充性，实现了数据传输过程由纵向传输到横向模型的转变，便于通讯程序的维护。     

东海黑潮上空气旋波的扰动能量传输

In this paper,two cyclones which formed over the kuroshio area are analised. First, heat transfers through Sea Surface 900mb,850mb, 700mb are calculated. Then, we also calculate the eddy dnergy budget during period of the East China Sea Cyclone formed over kuroshio area. The analysis of eddy energy shows: The generation term of the eddy availiable petential enery assosiated with heat transfers through sea surface has maximum order of magnitude among each terms of the eddy energy equation of the East China Sea Cyalone. The Yalue of generation term over kurshio area is obvionsly more than that over the land or other sea regions. Thus,the heat transfers through kuroshio sea surface is very favourable for the generation of eddy availiable potential energy of the East China Sea cyrlones, the conversion from mean potential energy to eddy potential energy of the Cyclone increases with development of Cyclone. Its value is roughly as large as that of generation term later on. It makes a great difference with other weather systems.     

Observations of boundary layer parameters and suspended sediment transport over the intertidal flats of northern Jiangsu, China

A current-turbidity monitoring system (CTMS) was deployed on the intertidal flat at Wanggang, northern Jiangsu during October 16-17, 2000, to measure the tidal current speeds and seawater turbidities at 5 levels above the seabed. Based upon the logarithmic-prof‘de equation, the boundary layer parameters, i.e., u*, Z0 and C60, were obtained for 247 tidal flow velocity prof‘des. Around 90% of the profiles were logarithmic according to the critical correlation coefficient. Internal consistency analysis shows that these parameters derived by different methods are consistent with each other. In addition, the height of the bedforms observed is close to the seabed roughness lengths calculated from the velocity prof‘des, indicating that the boundary layer parameters obtained can reveal the conditions at the sedimentwater interface on the intertidal flats. Suspended sediment concentrations were obtained from the 5 CTMS turbidity meters using laboratory and in-situ calibrations. The results show that the in-situ calibrated SSCs have a much higher accuracy than the laboratory calibrated ones. Calculation of suspended sediment fluxes on the intertidal flats, with a magnitude of 104 kg/m per spring tidal cycle, indicates that suspended sediment moves towards the northwest, which is reversal to the transport pattern controlled by the southward Northern Jiangsu Coastal Current in the sub-tidal zone and adjacent shallow waters.     

基于南太平洋的AMSR2L1R亮温数据质量评估

本文基于环境场较为稳定的南太平洋目标海区,以海洋大气微波辐射传输模型(Radiative Transfer Model,RTM)模拟亮温作为参考值,对2015年1月1日—2017年12月31日的高级扫描微波辐射计(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2,AMSR2) L1R亮温数据产品进行了质量评估。结果表明AMSR2 L1R所有通道亮温数据总偏差和标准偏差的变化范围分别为1.466～6.352 K、0.270～1.693 K,其中标准偏差在水平极化通道较大的同时随着频率的增大而增大。相比同类遥感器如全球降水测量微波成像仪(Global Precipitation Measurement Microwave Imager,GMI)等的质量分析结果,AMSR2亮温数据的标准偏差较小,这表明AMSR2亮温数据精度较高。对AMSR2 L1R亮温数据3年长时间序列的变化趋势分析表明所有通道亮温偏差均在±0.5 K范围内波动但是存在微弱的季节性变化,标准偏差随时间的变化较小,这表明AMSR2 L1R亮温数据质量较为稳定。