Numerical modeling of the development of southeastern Red Sea continental margin

The Red Sea continental margin (RSCM) corresponds to a wide hinge zone between Red Sea and Arabian plate. This margin has been studied through geological and geophysical observations primarily in regard to the evolution of Red Sea rift. This margin is characterized by occurrence of thin sediments, significant onshore uplift, tectonic subsidence of the offshore sedimentary basin, active faulting and seismicity. Studies indicate that sedimentary sequences of the margin are deformed by faults and folds resulti...     

Monitor : transiting planets and brown dwarfs in star forming regions and young open clusters

The Monitor project

1 www.ast.cam.ac.uk/∼suz/monitor/monitor.php

is a large scale photometric monitoring survey of ten star forming regions and open clusters aged between 1 and 200 Myr using wide‐field optical cameras on 2–4 m telescopes worldwide. The primary goal of the project is to search for close‐in planets and brown dwarfs at young ages through the detection of transit events. Such detections would provide unprecedented constraints on planet formation and migration time‐scales, as well as on evolutionary models of planets and brown dwarfs in an age range where such constraints are very scarce. Additional science goals include rotation period measurements and the analysis of flares and accretion‐related variability. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

1999年山西大同-阳高5.6级地震灾害损失评估

１９９９年１１月１日在山西省大同县和阳高县间发生Ｍｓ５．６地震,通过野外调查,对这次地震灾害损失进行了评估。评估结果表明,这次地震受灾面积达３２４ｋｍ＾２,主要受灾村５６个,重伤１０人,轻伤６０人,总经济损失为１４０２３万元。指出灾区所有房屋经历了１９８９年、１９９１年１次或２次中强地震的破坏,抗震能力明显降低是这次震害较生的主要原因。并针对这次震害的特征,提出防御与减轻震害的经验、教训及有关建议     

中国大陆科学钻探工程简介

随着航天技术的发展开辟了人类通往宇宙星际的大门,一个与之相呼应的“入地“计划应运而生,这就是直接观测地球陆壳的“大陆科学钻探”。作为伸入地球内部的“望远镜”,大陆科学深钻是当代地球科学具有划时代意义的大科学工程,是解决当代人类面临的资源、灾害和环境等重大问题的重要途径之一。 由于大陆科学钻探对当代经济、社会发展和科学进步具有重大意义,自70年代以来,俄、德、法、日、美和英等国家实施了大陆钻探,取得令人瞩目的科学研究成果,并带动了钻探和相关科学技术的大发展。     

Elemental and isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal sulfide on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N

The mineralogical,elemental,and isotopic characteristics of a hydrothermal sulfide sample from one dredge station (12°42.30'N,103°54.48'W,water depth 2655 m) on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N were analyzed.The hydrothermal sulfide was composed mainly of sphalerite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and was a Zn-rich sulfide;in layer ep-s-1,goethite formed by secondary oxidation was found.The concentrations of rare elements,such as Li (0.15×10-6-0.30×10-6),Be (0.01×10-6-0.05×10-6),Zr (73.8×10-9-1344×10-9),Nb (8.14×10-9-64.7×10-9),Hf (2.54×10-9-28.0×10-9),and Ta (0.203×10-9-1.21×10-9),were far lower in the hydrothermal sulfide than in the ocean crust,whereas the content of Au was higher and the contents of Co,Ni,Sr,Cs,Ba,Bi,and U were low.The correlations between Zn and Cr,Cd and Ga,Cu and P,P and In (R2 0.8) were positive,whereas those between Zn and Fe,Cu,and Ba (R2 0.8) were distinctly negative.From low-temperature mineral assemblages to high-temperature mineral assemblages,the spatial distributions of dispersive and rare elements (e.g.In,Li,Cs) in the hydrothermal sulfide displayed corresponding variations.The variations observed in some elements (e.g.,Cd,Cs,P) are controlled by Zn,Fe,and Cu sulfides,respectively.Seafloor weathering accounts for the enrichment of V,Mn,and rare earth elements (REE) in the henna sulfide-oxidation layer that bears the secondary oxide mineral,leading to identical REE patterns for this layer (ep-s-1) and seawater.Seafloor weathering also distinctly affects the correlations between the element ratios of the hydrothermal sulfide.From high-temperature mineral assemblages to low-temperature mineral assemblages,Fe content and δ 34S value of the hydrothermal sulfide increase gradually,and Zn content and lead isotopic ratios decrease gradually on the contrary,which indicate the influences of seawater on elements and the sulfur and lead isotopic compositions enhance gradually during the formation of hydrothermal sulfides.     

Quantitative assessment of the complexity of geological structures in terms of seismic propagators

How a wave interacts with heterogeneous media has been pursued by many geophysicists.The complexity of subsurface heterogeneities is seismologically a relative concept to wavelengths of seismic waves.A growing perception is that velocity variations,propagation angles,and computational accuracies are closely related at a variety of scales.A tentative strategy to quantitatively evaluate the complexity of subsurface heterogeneous media is presented in this article to see what scales of geological heterogeneiti...     

北喜马拉雅扎西康铅锌锑银矿床成因的多元同位素制约

扎西康矿床是北喜马拉雅金锑多金属成矿带中发现的唯一一个大型Pb-Zn-Sb-Ag共生矿床.矿体赋存于SN向的高角度张扭性断裂带中, 该矿床的黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、硫锑铅矿和辉锑矿等硫化物的δ34S值为4.5‰~12.0‰, 多数集中在8‰~11‰, 富集重硫且变化较小, 表明其硫源是一致的, 主要来源于围岩中的海相地层还原硫.206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb比值分别在18.474~19.637, 15.649~15.774和39.660~40.010范围内, 并成一条直线, 具有放射性异常铅的特征, 投图落在上地壳铅演化线附近.流体包裹体的δD_V-SMOW为-127‰~-135‰, δ18O_H2O为-13.7‰~12.4‰, 偏向于西藏地热水的分布范围; He-Ar同位素组成表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水的混合, 没有明显的地幔流体成分混入.其多元同位素组成与北喜马拉雅成矿带的金或金锑等其他矿床具有明显的差异, 表明其成矿作用具有特殊性, 在中新世随着印度与欧亚板块后碰撞挤压向伸展走滑阶段转换, 在北喜马拉雅构造带内形成一系列的SN向高角度断裂, 并促使地壳发生部分熔融形成熔融层, 引起局部热流值剧增, 地温异常梯度增大, 驱动地下水对流循环, 萃取晚三叠世-早侏罗世的一套浊流或喷流灰黑色碳硅泥岩系地层中的成矿物质, 沿着SN向断裂带充填交代成矿, 属于沉积-构造-热泉水改造的多阶段充填交代热液脉状矿床.      

2010年1月24日河津4．8级地震灾害损失评估报告

2010年1月24日10时36分,在山西省河津市发生了4．8级地震,通过野外调查,对这次地震灾害损失进行了评估。评估结果表明,这次地震造成重伤1人,轻伤2人,总经济损失为278．415万元。本次地震损失较轻,当地房屋建筑质量较高是主要原因。