一个考虑SST变化的月数值预报结果分析

根据陈隆勋等对海温月季变化研究的结果提出除了从冬到春的过渡月份外,SST距平的相邻月的月际变化不大。在此基础上,选了1996年6月并利用CCM1动力气候模式作了月数值预报。在预报中,利用1996年6月1日00Z中国国家气象中心T64的客观分析资料作初值,利用1996年5月的SST距平加到6月气候SST作为6月的SST,作了一个月数值预报。结果表明,考虑了SST变化的数值预报优于用气候海温作的数值预报。前者的500hPa高度场预报距平、850hPa纬向风预报距平、中国地区气温预报距平和降水预报距平分布均十分接近于实际观测分布。     

3D structure of the Earth's crust beneath the northern part of the Bohemian Massif

The SUDETES 2003 wide-angle refraction/reflection experiment covered the area of the south-western Poland and the northern Bohemian Massif. The good quality data that were gathered combined with the data from previous experiments (POLONAISE'97, CELEBRATION 2000) allowed us to prepare a 3D seismic model of the crust and uppermost mantle for this area. We inverted travel times of both refracted and reflected P waves using the JIVE3D package. This allowed us to obtain a model of P-wave velocity distribution as well as the shape of major boundaries in the crust. We also present a detailed uncertainty analysis for both the boundary depths and the velocity field. In doing the uncertainty analysis we found an interesting, strong dependence between uncertainty and inversion scheme (order of used phases). We also compared the model with surface geology and found good correlation between velocity inhomogeneities in the uppermost crust (down to 2 km) and major geological units. The higher velocity lower crust (6.9–7.2 km/s) could result from remelting of the lower crust or magmatic underplating.     

岫岩-海城5.4级地震前小震震源机制解与记录特征分析

采用Pn、Pg初始波初动符号，利用乌尔夫网上半球投影，用作图方法求解了岫岩－海城震区（1999年1月－1999年11月29日）主震前辽宁数字地震台网记录（ML≥2.5)的41个小震的震源机制参数。结合前震记录的某些特征，对主震前应力方向的时空变化，震源错动性质进行分析和讨论。     

法国高层大气所空间综合孔径项目研究进展

概述了法国高层大气所空间综合孔径项目背景、科学目标以及有效载荷,介绍了该项目演示系统的基本工作原理,探讨了该演示系统的望远子系统、指向子系统、共相子系统和成像子系统,并分别给出了该演示系统在非共相控制和共相控制情况下对半导体激光器和白光点光源的成像结果,实验结果表明演示系统不同独立望远镜之间已经基本实现了共相成像。最后对该演示系统进行了总结,并指出该系统可以进一步优化之处。该演示系统对我国综合孔径成像实验研究具有一定的借鉴意义。     

ENVIRONMENTAL MIGRATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT——A Case Study of Southwest China

Ｉ．ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｔｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｙａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｄｅｇｒａｄａｔｉｏｎｏｆｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓａｎｄｆｒａｇｉｌｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｉｓｂｅｃｏｍｉｎ...     

华夏植物群起源中心的研究

要贺兰山一带石炭纪、二叠纪地层发育,晚石炭世早期至二叠纪的地层连续出露,其中富含植物化石,特别是晚石炭世纳缪尔B—C期的红土洼组含丰富的早期华夏植物群分子。笔者多年来的研究表明,在此连续剖面上,植物化石反映出植物群的演化趋势颇为明显,构成石炭纪和二叠纪植物群较为连续的演化序列。植物群中含有大量的华夏型分子,属典型的华夏植物群。内蒙古阿拉善左旗呼鲁斯太剖面晚石炭世早期红土洼组是迄今为止含华夏植物群的最有代表性层位,所含植物化石是目前已记载的最为丰富的晚石炭世早期华夏型植物组合,因此笔者认为贺兰山一带可视为华夏植物群的起源中心。     

几个天然镁铝榴石的穆斯堡尔效应的研究

穆斯堡尔效应是一种无反冲的核γ射线的共振吸收现象,它是1958年由穆斯堡尔(R.L.M(?)ssbauer)发现的。由于穆斯堡尔效应产生的γ射线共振吸收谱线的能量宽度接近原子核能级的自然线宽,以及无反冲γ射线共振吸收(或散射)对γ射线能量变化十分灵敏,因此,可以把共振吸收的原子核当做灵敏的探针,测量固体中有关的原子核与核所在位置上固体的化学环境间的超精细相互作用。近些年来,穆斯堡尔效应已广泛应用于物理学、化学、生物学及矿物学的研究中来,穆斯堡尔谱仪已成为这些学科的重要研究工具之一。     

青藏高原西部赛利普中新世火山岩源区:地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素制约

青藏高原拉萨地块西部赛利普地区新生代火山岩依据主量元素可划分为超钾质、钾质和钙碱性系列,主要的岩石类型为粗面安山岩、粗面岩,一个超钾质岩石的40Ar-39Ar年龄为17.58Ma,指示出火山活动为中新世.超钾质、钾质和钙碱性火山岩都显示出富集LREE及LILE(Th、U)、亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti)的特征.超钾质火山岩具有较高的K2O(6.31%～8.55%)、MgO(6.75%～8.96%)、Cr(270.7×10-6～460.4×10-6)、Ni(142.3×10-6～233.9×10-6)含量,较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.71883～0.72732)和较低的εNd(-14.78～-15.37),指示可能起源于一个前期亏损并经后期俯冲作用改造的富钾的方辉橄榄岩富集地幔源区.钾质火山岩具有比超钾质火山岩低的K2O、MgO、Cr、Ni含量以及高的Ba、Sr含量,初始87Sr/86Sr为0.71553～0.71628,初始143Nd/144Nd为0.51197～0.51198,在空间上与超钾质火山岩共生,可能是前者母岩浆的演化产物.钙碱性火山岩具有较高的Sr(881.7×10-6～1309.2×10-6)、Sr/Y比值(50～108)和较低的Y(12.05×10-6～18.02×10-6),明显亏损重稀土Yb(0.93×10-6～1.30×10-6),类似于典型的埃达克质岩成分特征但相对高钾,并具有相对低的(87Sr/86Sr);(0.70928～0.71374)以及高的εNd(-7.90～-10.91),指示起源于富钾增厚下地壳物质的部分熔融.区域上拉萨地块超钾质岩、钾质岩与N-S向地堑系在空间上共存、时间上相吻合,由此本文认为拉萨地块中新世钾质.超钾质岩和南北向地堑系的形成可能与中新世早期北向俯冲的印度大陆岩石圈断离有关.     

A lunar cryptomare dome near Mee H and Drebbel F

In this study, we examine the lunar mare dome Mee 1 situated near the craters Mee H and Drebbel F in a region showing evidence of ancient (pre-Orientale) mare volcanism and cryptomare deposits. Regional stratigraphic relations indicate that Mee 1 was formed prior to the Orientale impact at the beginning of the Imbrian period. Based on a combined photoclinometry and shape from shading technique applied to telescopic CCD images of the dome acquired under oblique illumination, we determined a diameter of Mee 1 of 25 km, a height of 250 m, a flank slope of 1.15^°, and a volume of . Based on rheologic modelling of the dome and a viscoelastic model of the feeder dike, we obtained a magma viscosity of , an effusion rate of , a duration of the effusion process of 1.6 years, a magma rise speed of , a width of the feeder dike of 32 m, and a horizontal dike length of 144 km. A comparison of Mee 1 with domes with similar morphometric properties, which are located near Milichius and inside the crater Petavius, reveals strong similarities with respect to the viscosity of the dome-forming magma and the feeder dike geometry, while the effusion rate and magma rise speed of Mee 1 are somewhat higher. The pronounced morphometric differences between Mee 1 and a smaller dome situated close to the crater Doppelmayer and characterised by a similar magma viscosity suggest that the growth of that dome was limited by exhaustion of the magma reservoir, while Mee 1 and the other larger domes display morphometric properties presumably coming closer to the cooling limit. The comparison of the ancient dome Mee 1 with the younger (Eratosthenian) edifices near Milichius and Doppelmayer suggests that the conditions in the upper mantle and the crust favoured high eruption volumes, effusion rates, and magma rise speeds, implying the occurrence of large magma reservoirs preventing the limitation of dome growth by magma exhaustion. On the other hand, we observe similar general morphometric, rheologic, and feeder dike characteristics and, thus, conclude that the formation conditions of lunar mare domes did not change fundamentally during the Imbrian period.