用Hoek-Brown经验强度准则估算岩石锚杆容许抗拔力

针对单体全长灌浆锚杆产生的锥体破坏模式，在分析岩体结构特征对锥体破坏形状的影响，并建立锥体破坏模型的基础上，考虑岩体的固有特点和非线性破坏特性，引入岩体经验强度准则，系统阐述了全长灌浆锚杆容许抗拔力的理论计算方法，并以算例说明具体设计步骤。     

广元市金洞乡Ⅱ号滑坡系统演化的非线性动力学反演分析

本文在研究广元市金洞乡Ⅱ号滑坡位移特征基础，认为该滑坡正处于开放的、复杂的非线性动力学系统中。在滑坡系统诸要素中，宝珠寺加水位的升降已成为系统演化的控制力量。坡体位移是系统演化的主要状态变量，但北部坡体、南部坡体与中部坡体之间的滑动变形具较强的独立性，单一的位移序列不能较好的反映滑坡的演化特征。因此，文中以两列独立的位序列为状态变量，结合控制变量建立了滑坡系统演化的非线性动力学模型，并从现有的变形监测滦资料进行滑坡系统的非线性力学反演和稳定学反演和稳定性评价。     

人造金刚石在中国地质钻探中的应用

人造金刚石于７０年代开始在我国地质钻探中推广应用。除人造金刚石单晶外，还采用了聚晶，复合片以及其它烧本或镶嵌体。所有这些大大地推动了我国钻探工程的技术进步。     

大亚湾核电站运前和运转后大鹏澳海区的二氧化碳体系

根据大亚湾核电站运输运转后对大鹏澳海区春，夏，秋，冬4季的现场调查，通过测定pH和碱度计算了大鹏澳海区二氧化碳体系各组分浓度，并比较了核电站运转前和运转后的差别，对核电站运转前和运转后的∑CO2，HCO3^-,CO^2-3和CO2与水温，盐度以及与DO和Chla的相互关系作了讨论和比较。     

黄河中游内蒙三个地段水体中天然配体与重金属络合容量研究

于1990年10月 - 1992年7月在室内条件下测定黄河中游乌拉特前旗、包头黄河大桥及清水河地段水体中天然配体与铜、铅、锌、镉反应的络会容量（C?C），计算总条件稳定常数（K）和络合容量指数（I）。实验证明：乌拉特前旗水体中络合客量最大，包头和清水河相近。络合容量顺序为：Cu＞Zn＞Cd＞Pb，和可溶性有机碳及碳酸盐分析结果一致。总条件稳定常数为：K_PbL最大，K_CuL，K_ZnL，K_CdL相近。和长江水做了比较。络合容量指数在IgK相近情况下，随络合容量增大而增大。     

Dust pollen distribution on a continental scale and its relation to present-day vegetation along north-south transects in east China

A series of dust pollen samples was collected along N-S transects in east China (18°N to 53°N latitudes). Sample sites extend from the cold-temperate zone in the north to the tropical region in the south. Pollen taxa characterize each region and reflect the natural and devastated vegetation as well as corre- sponding climatic zones. The quantitative pollen data can be used to estimate the spatial distribution of planted and introduced species. Valuable information of human disturbance of the natural forest is evaluated by quantitative comparison between dust pollen and in-situ pollen of protected forest. In addition, percentages of grass pollen vary regularly from north to south that is consistent with spatial distribution of net primary productivity in east China. Among all grasses, Artemisia and the Gramineae carry the clearest signal: their ratio increases northwards and therefore represent a suitable and con- venient tool for palaeoclimate reconstructions.     

A review of geochemical background concepts and an example using data from Poland

One of the most crucial issues of recent environmental sciences is the topic of background concentrations of elements and organic compounds in various abiotic and biotic systems. The relationship between natural and anthropogenically altered concentrations of chemical species is a question that involves many implications in the geosciences, environmental and biological sciences, toxicology, and other related disciplines. This is especially important when interpreting geochemical and biogeochemical anomalies of toxic elements and/or organic compounds in various media. To better understand the potential impact of hazardous substances in the environment, we must become more familiar with their spatial and temporal distribution and with their behavior under different physico-chemical and biotic conditions. This review presents an assessment of the geochemical background concept as used by various authors. Different assumptions and approaches to this topic are presented, including direct, statistical, and integrated methods. Based on the results derived from geochemical and biogeochemical studies performed in selected forest ecosystems of Poland, an integrated method is presented. As a consequence of data processing, a normal distribution of data points was obtained using an iterative 2σ-technique. This method of estimating geochemical background is feasible and can be used for setting environmental quality standards or for studying the impact of anthropogenic pollution sources on the environment.     

AMDAR资料在天气预报中的应用

使用国内的AMDAR资料对几次重大天气过程进行了动力和热力学分析研究。结果表明：飞机在航站上起降时探测的高时空分辨率的AMDAR资料与其它资料结合能够较连续地监视机场附近气象要素的时空变化特征，进而捕捉到一些常规观测资料难于发现的引发冰雹等强对流天气的中尺度天气系统。该资料对稳定性天气大雾的定点分析和预报，较之常规观测资料有更好的业务使用价值。该资料不仅可为制作定点的临近和短时预报提供精细的预报依据，而且可在一定程度上增强对灾害性天气的认知和预见性。     

由震源时间函数估算地震辐射能量

用实际地震观测中得到的震源时间函数讨论了地震辐射能量的测定问题。指出从辐射能量测定的角度看，实际地震的震源时间函数可以简化为三角形函数，同时一些复杂的地震可用两个或更多的三角形函数来表示。用三角形函数作为实际震源时间函数的简化，估算了一些地震的辐射能量。将NEIC的辐射能量测定结果与用震源时间函数得到的辐射能量的结果进行比较，结果表明两种估计具有比较好的一致性。     

2000—2050年中国可见的水星凌日事件

本文根据DE2 0 0历表 ,计算了 2 0 0 0— 2 0 5 0年间发生的水星凌日的地心天象 ,并进一步计算了中国各直辖市、省会、自治区首府等三十四个城市的见凌情况