基于地标点法的3种眶灯鱼耳石形态种间差异性

眶灯鱼属（Diaphus）是灯笼鱼科中物种丰度最高,种群数量最丰富的属之一,也是大洋中深层鱼类中的优势类群,但由于外部形态的高度相似,目前对眶灯鱼属的种类鉴定存在较多困难。为探究耳石地标点形态分析法（简称地标点法）在识别耳石形态相似、分布海域有较大重叠的眶灯鱼种间矢耳石差异的可行性,本文采集了分布于印度洋的西氏眶灯鱼（Diaphus thiollierei）和分布于南海的喀什眶灯鱼（D. garmani）和马来眶灯鱼（D. malayanus）的耳石应用地标点法进行形态分析。分析结果显示,3种眶灯鱼的矢耳石形态差异主要集中于内部听沟,内部标点贡献率达62%。网格差异可视化表明,西氏眶灯鱼矢耳石翼叶长度长于其他两种,而宽度则略窄。利用贝叶斯函数进行分类判别,结果表明西氏眶灯鱼判别成功率达到100%,而其余两种眶灯鱼则存在少量误判。此外,本研究结合样本栖息环境差异及相互间的亲缘关系,发现造成3种眶灯鱼矢耳石听沟形态差异的主要原因可能来源于所栖息海域的巨大盐度差异,但盐度影响矢耳石听沟形态的内在生理机制还需进一步研究。     

C18键合硅胶柱在线富集/FIA-FAAS系统测定海水中痕量重金属

基于8-羟基喹啉金属螯合物在C_(18)键合硅胶上的吸附原理,在海水样品中加入少量8-羟基喹啉溶液,建立在线C_(18)键合硅胶柱富集,甲醇洗脱,洗脱液直接进入火焰的流动注射-火焰原子吸收光谱系统(FIA-FAAS)测定海水中痕量Cu,Ni,Cd和Zn的方法。富集倍数达80,进样频率为每小时30次。对Cu Ni,Cd和Zn测定的特征浓度分别为0.30,0.26,0.12和0.07μg/L;检出限(2σ)分别为0.07,0.05,0.02和0.01μg/L;相对标准偏差分别为2.7,2.1,2.8和2.5％;回收率分别为102,98,96和102％。本法快速简便,污染少,灵敏度高。     

准噶尔盆地南缘二叠纪—三叠纪构造-沉积环境与原型盆地演化*

准噶尔盆地南缘(简称“准南”)的构造-沉积演化历史以及原型盆地性质一直以来备受争议。依据沉积环境分析、地层对比以及沉积演化研究,结合火成岩年代学、大地构造学等研究成果,探讨了该区二叠纪—三叠纪多期次的伸展—挤压环境转换及沉积盆地性质转变。晚石炭世,准南西段处于北天山洋壳向伊犁地体俯冲的末期,沉积环境以滨浅海为主,为残留洋盆地;准南东段以半深海相碳酸盐沉积为主,发育典型的双峰式火成岩,显示为陆内的伸展环境。早二叠世,准南以滨浅海相细粒碎屑岩沉积为主,发育同沉积断裂和伸展垮塌变形构造,表现为陆内裂陷盆地的特征。中二叠世,准南仍以滨浅海相为主,但其沉积速率明显加快,沉积厚度变大,整体上表现为以热力沉降为主的坳陷盆地。晚二叠世,北天山和博格达地区普遍发育冲积扇或扇三角洲,上二叠统泉子街组和中二叠统红雁池组之间呈明显的角度不整合接触,沉积环境发生突变,均显示北天山快速冲断隆升,表明该时期准南为陆内压陷盆地。早三叠世,准南快速冲断结束,该区进入相对稳定的发展阶段,以发育滨浅湖相细粒沉积物为主,表现为弱挤压的陆内压陷盆地的特征。中晚三叠世,由于持续湖侵,沉积盆地范围进一步扩大,北天山被削高补低,准南乃至整个准噶尔盆地进入统一的内陆湖泊演化阶段,整体上以滨浅湖相—半深湖相沉积为主,表现出陆内坳陷盆地的特征。综合上述原型盆地性质和沉积环境分析,可将准南二叠纪—三叠纪构造-沉积演化划分为4个阶段:晚石炭世—中二叠世为后碰撞伸展阶段,晚二叠世为北天山挤压冲断阶段,早三叠世为弱挤压压陷和削高补低阶段,中晚三叠世为稳定拗陷和准平原化阶段。     

光纤化学/生物传感技术在海洋环境监测中的应用

本文通过光纤溶解氧、 p H、湿度等化学传感探头及发光菌水质毒性监测生物传感探头的研制 ,开发出了一类能用于环境监测的新型传感器。本文的创新之处在于传感探头的设计与包装 ,以及数种可逆性、选择性、稳定性、使用寿命、响应时间、灵敏度等响应特性具佳的化学及生物传感膜的配方和制作技术。利用这些技术 ,通过对光纤探头的设计与包装 ,可以实现在现场及实验室模拟条件下对样品的选择性检测。研制的传感器能广泛应用于海洋污染调查、内河水质评价、水产养殖、工矿企业水气排污自检等诸多方面。     

利用马尔可夫链分析识别内蒙古正镶白旗额里图组沉积特征

通过野外地质剖面实测识别了额里图牧场额里图组各层岩性特征, 利用马尔可夫链分析方法分析该剖面下岩段地层的沉积旋回, 综合地质基础资料, 进一步分析了沉积环境. 结果识别出一个以砂岩-粉砂质泥岩-粉砂岩-泥岩为特征和一个以砂岩-灰岩-泥岩为特征的两个岩性旋回, 分别代表浅海陆棚-深水浊积岩相序和陆棚浅海礁滩相沉积. 结合剖面分别划分出陆棚、斜坡和盆地(海槽)3个相, 进一步识别出潮坪滩相、滩前斜坡相、浊积滩坝相、滩相、斜坡盆地相、缓坡相、深水海槽相和礁滩相等亚相. 整个剖面由两次海侵半旋回和一次完整的海侵海退旋回组成. 研究认为古亚洲洋的最终闭合时限应该在额里图组时期之后.     

渤海南岸6000年来的岸线演变

冰后期的海侵,淹没了渤海地区;大约在距今6000年左右,海侵达到最大范围。本文按照海相地层的分布,讨论了渤海南岸当时的海侵界线,又根据粉砂淤泥质海岸平均高潮线上发育的贝壳堤的位置,确定了尔后的几条古岸线。从而表明在该区6000年来的海岸淤长过程中,曾出现过海岸线的数次停顿,这与黄河三角洲河口的交替摆动有密切关系。从而为研究渤海南岸的全新世地质历史,黄河三角洲的发育和区内资源开发提供重要的依据。     

Primary study on the diapir in the north of the Yellow River delta

Based on the measuring data of landforms, high-resolution seismic profiles, drilling cores, etc, a diapir body was found in the north of the modem Yellow River delta. The diapir body with a length of 5 km and a width of 1 km is distributed on the middle to low part of the slope of an abandoned delta lobe. Its formation is related to the deformity of the soft stratum which is deposited in the prodelta and covered by the stratum of the mouth bar sediments. Research results show that its formation is very different from the Mississippi River delta’s diapirs but related to the erosion of the seabed and occurs on the location with a large eroded quantity. The soft stratum and its diapir body can result in a great hazard to marine buildings. Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Z97E0’ 1004) and the Marine Oil Compny, Shengli Oil Bureau.     

Heat budget of the western Pacific warm pool and the contribution of eddy heat transport diagnosed from HYCOM assimilation

Using the high-resolution Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model and the Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation Global 1/12° Analysis (GLBa0.08), and the Objectively Analyzed Air–Sea Fluxes and the International Satellite Climatology Cloud Project products, we investigated the seasonal and interannual evolutions of heat budget, including the pseudo-heat content change, the net air–sea heat flux and the eddy heat transport (EHT), based on the time-dependent heat budget analysis in the western Pacific warm pool (WPWP). The results show that the pseudo-heat content change has significant semi-annual variation, which peaks in April–May and September. There is strong positive feedback between EHT and the net air–sea heat flux. EHT is important in balancing the sea surface heat flux into the WPWP. The seasonal EHT variability is dominated by its meridional component. On the interannual time scale, the zonal and vertical components of EHT show comparable amplitudes with the meridional one. The observed net air–sea heat flux in the WPWP is highly correlated with EHT and the pseudo-heat content change on the interannual time scale. The net air–sea heat flux leads the pseudo-heat content change by about half a month and leads EHT by about one month. The variations of the air–sea heat flux and EHT are connected to the El Niño Southern Oscillation events: during the development of El Niño (La Niña) events, the warm pool expanded eastward (retreated westward), the net air–sea surface flux into the WPWP increased (decreased) and EHT enhanced (weakened) significantly.     

The principle of coupled stress release model and its application

Coupled stress release model is proposed in the paper considering the interaction between different parts based on stress release model by Vere-Jones, and is used to historical earthquake data from North China. The results by this model are compared with the results by original stress release model using AIC criterion. The results show that coupled stress release model is better than original model.