东北地区中生代区域成矿与岩浆活动时序特征

对中国东北地区中生代区域成矿时序和岩浆活动时序及其对应性的分析表明,区域成矿作用总体上集中发生在150~100 Ma和240~160 Ma两大阶段,中生代的岩浆作用主要发育在190~155 Ma和135~100 Ma两个时段,二者在时序上具有良好的对应性,表明岩浆作用对区域成矿具有重要控制作用.     

地震数据自动批处理系统设计

地震数据自动批处理系统EDSP_LX是针对水库流动观测台网海量观测数据快速处理的需要设计的,软件实现了基于文件系统的自动数据检索、地震事件检测与数据存储、连续数据存储等功能。文中阐明了软件的设计思路和主要功能,重点介绍了系统结构和波形数据自动检索方式。     

Characteristics of earthquake-triggered landslides and post-earthquake debris flows in Beichuan County

Field investigations and aerial photography after the earthquake of May 12,2008 show a large number of geo-hazards in the zone of extreme earthquake effects.In particular,landslides and debris flows,the geo-hazards that most threaten post-disaster reconstruction,are widely distributed.We describe the characteristics of these geo-hazards in Beichuan County using high-resolution remote sensing of landslide distribution,and the relationships between the area and volume of landslides and the peak-discharges of debris flows both pre-and post-earthquake.The results show:1) The concentration(defined as the number of landslide sources per unit area:Lc) of earthquaketriggered landslides is inversely correlated with distance from the earthquake(DF) fault.The relationship is described by the following equation:Lc = 3.2264exp(-0.0831DF)(R2 = 0.9246);2) 87 % of the earthquake-triggered landslides were less than 15×104 m2 in area,and these accounted only for 50% of the total area;84% of the landslide volumes were less than 60×104 m3,and these accounted only for 50% of the total volume.The probability densities of the area and volume distributions are correlated:landslide abundance increases with landslide area and volume up to maximum values of 5 × 104 m2 and 30 × 104 m3,respectively,and then decreases exponentially.3) The area(AL) and volume(VL) of earthquake-triggered landslides are correlated as described with the following equation:VL=6.5138AL1.0227(R2 = 0.9131);4) Characteristics of the debris flows changed after the earthquake because of the large amount of landslide material deposited in the gullies.Consequently,debris flow peak-discharge increased following the earthquake as described with the following equation:Vpost = 0.8421Vpre1.0972(R2 = 0.9821)(Vpre is the peak discharge of pre-earthquake flows and the Vpost is the peak discharge of post-earthquake flows).We obtained the distribution of the landslides based on the above analyses,as well as the magnitude of both the landslides and the post-earthquake debris flows.The results can be useful for guiding post-disaster reconstruction and recovery efforts,and for the future mitigation of these geo-hazards.However,the equations presented are not recommended for use in site-specific designs.Rather,we recommend their use for mapping regional seismic landslide hazards or for the preliminary,rapid screening of sites.     

Changes in growth and osmoregulation during acclimation to saltwater in juvenile Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii

We evaluated the ability of juvenile Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) to osmoregulate and grow in saltwater. Hatchery-reared juveniles (mean weight 106.8 g, 5-month old) were transferred from freshwater to 10, 20, and 25 salinity saltwater over a period of 20 d. We measured the growth, serum osmolality, ion concentrations, and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity. In addition, we prepared samples of gill tissue to quantify morphological changes in gill ultrastructure. Rearing in up to 25 saltwater for 30 d had no significant effect on growth. Similarly, serum osmolality and ion concentrations were similar to levels reported in other teleosts following acclimation to saltwater. Serum osmolality and Na⁺, Cl⁻ concentrations increased significantly with the initial increase in salinity. Afterwards, levels tended to stabilize and then decrease. Serum K⁺ levels did not change during acclimation to saltwater. Gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity increased initially as salinity was increased. However, the activity later decreased and, finally stabilized at 3.7±0.1 μmol P_i/mg·prot·h in 25 saltwater (1.6 times higher than the level in those in freshwater). In fish that were held only in freshwater, the chloride cells were located in the interlamellar regions of the filament and at the base of the lamella. Following acclimation to 25 saltwater for 30 d, the number and size of chloride cells increased significantly. Our results suggest that juvenile Amur sturgeon is able to tolerate, and grow in, relatively high concentrations of saltwater.     

西藏斯弄多浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿床银的赋存状态研究

斯弄多银铅锌矿床是冈底斯成矿带林子宗群火山岩中发现的首例低硫化型浅成低温热液型中-大型多金属矿床。矿区矿物组合多样,矿石组构复杂,具有热液成矿作用的典型特征,成矿阶段可划分为(I)闪锌矿-黄铜矿-硫砷铜矿-黄铁矿-石英阶段、(Ⅱ)方铅矿-闪锌矿-银矿物阶段、(Ⅲ)黄铁矿-石英-方解石三个成矿阶段。通过野外调查、地质编录、显微观察和电子探针(EPMA)微区分析,本文对该矿床中银的赋存状态进行了详细的研究。结果表明,银主要以独立银矿物形式存在,方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿等金属矿物中不可见银极少。银矿物种类主要为硫砷铜银矿、辉银矿、深红银矿、螺状硫银矿和自然银,呈裂隙银或粒间银形式赋存于矿区碧玉、铁锰碳酸盐和早期金属硫化物中,次以包裹银形式赋存于早期硫化物中。另,在硫砷铜矿中发育极少的类质同象不可见银。银矿化主要形成于成矿阶段Ⅱ,银主要以硫的络合物形式运移,随着成矿流体物理化学条件的变化而发生沉淀,形成银矿物。     

东北地区1∶5万区域地质图空间数据库建设与集成

东北地区1∶5万区域地质图空间数据库从1999年度试点工作到2015年底持续近16年的数据库建设工作,收集了大量20世纪60年代以来东北地区开展的1∶5万区域地质调查工作所获取的基础地质成果资料,对东北地区完成的区调和建库工作程度及资料状况进行核查、摸底、整合.完成了382个标准图幅传统填图1∶5万区域地质图空间数据库建设工作.建库过程中建立了完善的质量监控体系,健全了空间数据验收的方法和流程,规范了基本的评分方法和成果评价等级.     

华北克拉通基性岩墙成因模式：来自锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素证据

本研究共涉及来自太行山和郯庐断裂岩浆带的12组基性岩墙群,岩墙群具体出露于河北省、山西省、山东省和安徽省。研究中给出了新的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素基性岩墙测试数据。基性岩墙形成于128.1±1.2Ma与115.0±0.8Ma之间,且具有典型的辉绿结构。另外,基性岩墙富集轻稀土元素（LREE）、个别大离子亲石元素（如,Rb、Ba、Sr）、Pb和Th,亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,具有高的初始⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值（0.7056~0.7105）,负的ε_Nd（t）（-15.5~-12.4）、相对一致的初始Pb同位素比值（²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=16.45~16.49、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.44~15.51、²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=36.49~36.53）及较大的Nd模式年龄（t_DM2^Nd=1.82~2.69Ga）。研究结果表明,基性岩墙来自石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔源区（类似EM1）一定程度的（1.0%~5.0%）部分熔融,岩浆侵位前经历了橄榄石、单斜辉石和角闪石的分离结晶作用,同时受到少量地壳混染的影响。目前,关于华北克拉通破坏和中生代岩浆作用的成因已有较多可能模式,本研究基性岩墙成因的新模式：古太平洋板块与华北克拉通的持续碰撞,导致华北克拉通岩石圈（地幔和地壳）加厚,并发生可能的榴辉岩化,并在一定时间发生拆沉作用。在新模式的制约下,导致了研究区中生代基性岩墙的产生和侵位。     

根据MODIS数据推断的中国东北森林物候格局

1 IntroductionPhenology is the study ofthe recurring vegetation cycles and theirconnection to the surroundingenvironm ental factors such as clim ate, hydrology, soil, etc. (W an et al., 1987). Phenologicalrecords provide an integrative indication of the s…     

Impacts of LUCC processes on potential land productivity in China in the 1990s

Using meteorological data and RS dynamic land-use observation data set, the potential land productivity that is limited by solar radiation and temperature is estimated and the impacts of recent LUCC processes on it are analyzed in this paper. The results show that the influence of LUCC processes on potential land productivity change has extensive and unbalanced characteristics. It generally reduces the productivity in South China and increases it in North China, and the overall effect is increasing the total productivity by 26.22 million tons. The farmland reclamation and original farmlands losses are the primary causes that led potential land productivity to change. The reclamation mostly distributed in arable-pasture and arable-forest transitional zones and oasises in northwestern China has made total productivity increase by 83.35 million tons, accounting for 3.50% of the overall output. The losses of original farmlands driven by built-up areas invading and occupying arable land are mostly distributed in the regions which have rapid economic development, e.g. Huang-Huai-Hai plain, Yangtze River delta, Zhujiang delta, central part of Gansu, southeast coastal region, southeast of Sichuan Basin and Urumqi-Shihezi. It has led the total productivity to decrease 57.13 million tons, which is 2.40% of the overall output.     

海藻脂肪酸的气相色谱分析

采用少量海藻样品,加入CH_3OH/HCl做脂肪酸抽提和酯化,一步完成。以正十七碳酸(C_(17:0))作内标,对海藻脂肪酸进行毛细管气相色谱分析。本方法的重现性试验各脂肪酸CV为1.9～11.8%,回收率为82.9—108.2%,仪器重现性CV为0.16—2.7%。