应用渔业体长分析方法ELEFAN和SLCA估算鱼类生长参数的研究

本文应用蒙特卡罗模拟方法,通过假设不同的生长参数、样本大小和白噪音水平,模拟出不同假设条件下的鱼类种群时间序列的体长频数分布,再应用体长分析方法ELEFAN(e-lectronic length-frequency analysis)与SLCA(Shepherd's length-composition analysis)估算模拟数据的生长参数K和L∞。用总生长特征φ估算求得生长参数的可靠性。模拟结果表明在大多数情况下ELEFAN比SLCA更能准确稳定地估计生长参数。生长速率和极限体长越大,φ估计值的精确度越高。当体长的白噪音水平小于20%时,估计结果较准确。当样本小于60时,样本越大估计结果越准确;当样本大于60时,样本增大对结果影响不大。应用本文的方法估计西非科特迪瓦的法荷水库的长臂虾(Macrobrachium vollenhovenii)真实渔业数据也得到了较好的结果。     

中国近海蛤仔属的研究

软体动物帘蛤科的蛤仔属Genus Ruditapes在中国近海发现有两种。一种是菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams et Reeve)，另一种是杂色蛤仔R. variegata (Sowerhy)。菲律宾蛤仔在我国沿海分布广，天然产量很大，是我国水产捕捞和养殖的重要贝类。 十多年来，国内对这两种蛤仔的鉴别以及属名、种名的采用都存在混乱现象。归纳起来有以下三个问题:1.我国的蛤仔，特别是黄渤海沿岸的蛤仔是一种还是两种; 2.菲律宾蛤仔和杂色蛤仔在我国的分布情况怎样; 3.这两种蛤仔的外部和内部形态有什么区别。 针对上述三个问题，我们从外部和内部(组织切片)形态学的研究，对菲律宾蛤仔和杂色蛤仔进行比较，搞清了这两种蛤仔的主要区别和它们在我国沿海的分布情况。 我们检查了我所历年来在我国沿海采到的共325号3730个标本。切片材料，菲律宾蛤仔采自青岛，杂色蛤仔采自海南岛三亚，各自在软体部的相同部位取材，用70%酒精、10%福尔马林或波恩(Bouin)氏液固定，石蜡包埋，切片厚度8-12μ。Ehr1ich氏苏木精-伊红(H. E.)染色法或Mallory 氏染色法染色。     

围隔体内赤潮对扰动的反应

于１９９２年９－１２月，使用中尺度围隔装置（１．７ｍ＾３）研究扰动的水体对赤潮浮游植物种类演替的影响。实验结果表明，对富营养化的围隔水体进行扰动可以改变水体中赤潮生物的演替次序，即甲藻和鞭行藻往往出现在硅藻赤潮之后，本文从另一方面证明，富营养下的相对稳定水体有助于鞭毛藻类赤潮的形成。     

An experimental marine ecosystem response to crude oil and corexit 9527: Part 1—Fate of chemically dispersed crude oil

The fate of Prudhoe Bay crude oil. labelled with n(1−¹⁴C)-hexadecane and dispersed with Corexit 9527, was studied for 24 days in a polyethylene bag enclosure of sea water by time-series observations of the alkane composition of the crude oil, oil fluorescence, ¹⁴C-labelled hexadecane in the particulate phase, bacterial biomass, amounts of sedimented material and parameters of temperature, salinity, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, and nutrients. By the seventh day, convective and diffusive mixing, important mechanisms for the dispersion of oil, resulted in a fairly homogeneous distribution of oil throughout the enclosed water column. Rapid bacterial biodegradation removed the n-alkane fraction initially, while oil-Corexit dispersion suppressed phytoplankton growth. After 7 days, with the recovery of phytoplankton growth, much of the aged oil sedimented with sinking of diatoms.     

多Agent智能现场总线数据采集系统设计

针对复杂的工业环境和目前工控产品的缺陷 ,本文提出 1种基于多 Agent理论的智能化现场总线数据采集系统的设计方法。结合多 Agent理论和现场总线技术 ,构建了 1种具有良好的系统重构能力、容错能力和快速反应能力的多 Agent数据采集系统。并对系统中 Agent的功能、硬件结构以及通讯方式进行了详细探讨     

Effects of diesel oil on the polychaete Annelida in model benthic ecosystem

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｄｉｅｓｅｌｏｉｌｏｎｔｈｅｐｏｌｙｃｈａｅｔｅＡｎｎｅｌｉｄａｉｎｍｏｄｅｌｂｅｎｔｈｉｃｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍ￥ＴａｎｇＳｅｎｍｉｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＸｉａｏｌｉｎ；ＺｈｕａｎｇＤｏｎｇｆａ；ＷｕＳｈｅｎｇｓａｎ；ＬｉｎＹｕ；ＣａｉＺｉｐ...     

化学耗氧量(COD)监测技术的发展及在海洋监测中的应用

化学耗氧量（COD）是水质监测的一个重要参数，文章对化学耗氧量监测方法的现状和发展及在海洋监测中的应用做了简要评述。     

LURR's Twenty Years and its Perspective

Seismogenic process is a nonlinear and irreversible one, so that the response to loading of a seismogenic zone is different from the unloading one. This difference reflects quantitatively the process of an earthquake preparation. A physics-based new parameter-Load/Unload Response Ratio (LURR) was proposed to measure quantitatively the proximity to a strong earthquake and then used to be an earthquake predictor. In the present paper, a brief history of LURR is recalled; inspection of real earthquake cases, numerical simulations and laboratory studies of LURR, prediction efforts in terms of LURR, probability problem of LURR and its prospect are also expatiated.     

最小二乘法在土地复垦场平整中的应用

在满足土地复垦用途要求的前提下,设计场地平整参数,提高平整土方量计算精度。研究方法:采用最小二乘法。研究结果:用最小二乘法设计场地平整参数的法方程、土方量计算公式及其精度分析公式。研究结论:用最小二乘法进行场地平整参数设计及土方量计算,适用范围广,计算精度高,而且易于计算机实现。     

Development of China Digital Seismological Observational Systems

Development of China Digital Seismological Observational Systems during 1996～2000 and the Capital Circle Area Seismograph Network during 1999～2001 are introduced, and the station distributions, instruments used, main tasks of National Digital Seismograph Network, Regional Digital Seismograph Network and Portable Digital Seismograph Network are introduced chiefly.