偏振激光雷达探测大气—水体光学参数廓线

激光雷达在上层水体垂直廓线的遥感中展现出巨大优势。本文研制了一套高垂直分辨率的实时探测偏振激光雷达,提出了一种基于偏振激光雷达回波信号的反演算法,采用Fernald理论和多次散射原理反演非均匀大气—水体的衰减和退偏光学产品,以高效稳定地处理偏振激光雷达实验数据。展示了一个中国内陆水体激光雷达探测实例,观测到了两次气溶胶积聚现象和一次水体浑浊现象。对实验数据的分析表明,退偏比主要由前向多次散射和后向单次散射产生的退偏两部分组成。当多次散射强度较大时,退偏比的变化主要取决于多次前向散射退偏;反之,则主要依赖于单次后向散射退偏。     

实时卫星钟差基准精化方法

在基于精密单点定位(PPP)的授时方法中,卫星钟差产品的高精度时间基准至关重要.针对实时卫星钟差产品时间基准不够稳定的问题,本文采用一组具有原子钟外部输入的国际全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)服务(IGS)跟踪站建立了顾及原子钟变化特性的基准精化方法.该方法首先采用阿伦方差对不同的IGS跟踪站外接原子钟进行稳定度分析,挑选出一组稳定度高的原子钟用以精化时间基准.在此基础上,利用阿伦方差分析各台原子钟的噪声参数特征,并确定不同原子钟之间的权比关系.最终,建立时间基准改正量的随机模型,并计算出精化后的时间基准.通过实例验证表明:与IGS事后精密钟差产品定义的时间基准比较,改正后的实时钟差基准单天内的标准差(STD)优于0.1 ns,相比于改正前最高提升了93%.同时,基准改正后的天内万秒稳达到10^-15量级,实现了一个量级的提高.此外,通过相对钟差精度的分析,表明钟差基准修正不影响PPP的定位精度.     

DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的四川省GDP空间化分析

针对DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据模拟省级格网GDP问题,该文选取2000、2006以及2010年DMSP/OLS稳定夜间灯光数据、辐射定标夜间灯光数据和四川省第二、三产业社会经济GDP数据,运用相关性分析、对比分析以及回归分析的方法,模拟出四川省GDP空间化密度图并分析与高程之间的关系。结果表明:在省级范围内,GDP与辐射定标灯光数据的相关性明显高于与稳定灯光数据的相关性,且前者的灯光指数CNLI与GDP相关性最高;运用3年的辐射定标灯光数据模拟得到四川省GDP密度图与GDP统计数据的拟合精度均达到0.99以上;2000-2010年四川省GDP呈现由成都市向四周不断扩张的趋势并随高程变化显著,四川省GDP高值区主要集中在高程1 000m以下的成都平原及周边区域,西部高原和山地地区GDP值较低。     

晚更新世以来台湾浅滩西北近岸沉积特征与古环境演化

对取自台湾浅滩西北部福建东山岛外的浅钻ZK2孔进行了包括AMS14C测年、粒度、微体古生物、碎屑矿物和黏土矿物等分析.结果表明该孔地层中存在两个明显的海相层和其间的两个陆相层,顶部的海相层为全新世高海平面以来形成的被现代潮流作用改造的现代沉积和残留沉积混合体;底部陆相层为MIS4期低海平面时期形成的河流沉积;中间的细粒...     

等效沙厚度研究进展

风、沉积物和地表覆盖是控制沙丘地貌的三大要素.沉积物尤其是沙源供应对沙丘地貌的影响仍有待深入研究.沙丘体积的研究促使了等效沙厚度(equivalent sand thickness,EST)概念的提出.EST研究经历了多个沙丘和亚沙丘尺度2个研究阶段.多个沙丘EST研究发现,EST与沙丘高度之间具有较好的一致性,其与方...     

东海三定点周日海流观测的准调和分析

应用短期资料的潮流准调和分析方法,对东海三定点测站获得的表、中、底3层的25h连续海流资料进行了分析,计算了3测站O1,K1,M2,S2,M4,MS4 6个主要分潮的北、东分量潮流调和常数,并给出了各测站在各层的潮流椭圆要素。计算结果表明：该海区潮流属于正规半日潮流性质,半日分潮流的北分量大于东分量,呈现旋转流的性质,按顺时针向旋转。分析结果也反映出表层、中层的浅水分潮在观测海流中所占的份额高于底层的浅水分潮。结果有助于了解该海区的潮流性质并为潮流数值模拟提供校验实测数据。通过与同期获得的悬浮物浓度剖面数据的比对,将有助于研究潮流与该地区悬浮泥沙浓度分布之间的关系。     

川中地区中二叠统栖霞组滩控岩溶型白云岩储层特征及主控因素

四川盆地中部地区栖霞组的白云岩是该区主要储层,储层成因的主流观点是热液白云岩化.目前勘探实践发现,优质储渗体形成与早期相控岩溶作用有关.通过取芯及测录井资料进行了详细分析,研究结果表明,该类白云岩储层主要位于栖霞组中上部颗粒滩发育的地层中,按其宏微观产出状态可分为溶斑状云岩、溶洞充填云岩、针孔状基质云岩和致密基质云岩....     

Wavelet analysis and nonparametric test for climate change in Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang during 1959–2006

Using wavelet analysis, regression analysis and the Mann-Kendall test, this paper analyzed time-series (1959–2006) weather data from 23 meteorological stations in an attempt to characterize the climate change in the Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Major findings are as follows: 1) In the 48-year study period, average annual temperature, annual precipitation and average annual relative humidity all presented nonlinear trends. 2) At the 16-year time scale, all three climate indices unanimously showed a rather flat before 1964 and a detectable pickup thereafter. At the 8-year time scale, an S-shaped nonlinear and uprising trend was revealed with slight fluctuations in the entire process for all three indices. Incidentally, they all showed similar pattern of a slight increase before 1980 and a noticeable up-swing afterwards. The 4-year time scale provided a highly fluctuating pattern of periodical oscillations and spiral increases. 3) Average annual relative humidity presented a negative correlation with average annual temperature and a positive correlation with annual precipitation at each time scale, which revealed a close dynamic relationship among them at the confidence level of 0.001. 4) The Mann-Kendall test at the 0.05 confidence level demonstrated that the climate warming trend, as represented by the rising average annual temperature, was remarkable, but the climate wetting trend, as indicated by the rising annual precipitation and average annual relative humidity, was not obvious.     

Effects of salinity fluctuation amplitudes on growth, osmolarity, Na＋-K＋-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Osbeck

The effects of various salinity fluctuation amplitudes (2, 4, 6 and 8) on the growth, osmolarity, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis cultured in seawater with a salinity of 20 were studied. The results show that weight gain in the salinity fluctuation treatments was better than that in control; in particular, the weight gain of treatments S4 and S0, at 231.8% and 196.3%, respectively, was significantly different (P<0.05). The hemolymph osmolarity of treatments S0, S2, S4, S6 and S8 was 635.4, 630.8, 623.6, 614.4 and 600.3 mOsm/kg, respectively, and decreased with increasing salinity fluctuation amplitude. The level of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity in gills of F. chinensis was higher than that in hepatopancreas, but there were no significant differences among all treatments, either in gills or hepatopancreas (P>0.05). The relative level of Hsp70 in treatment S4 was 48.4% and 40.4% higher than control in muscle and eyestalks, respectively, with the highest values being recorded under a salinity fluctuation amplitude of 4.     

山东梁邹矿业集团充分利用尾矿的成功实践

山东梁邹矿业集团有限公司,位于山东省邹平县境内。由邹平钼业有限公司、邹平铭兴化工有限公司、邹平铭波电源有限公司、邹平铭扬建材有限公司、邹平碑楼铜业有限公司、邹平铭远贸易进出口有限公司组成,是集铜钼采选、精细化工、充电电池、建筑材料、进出口贸易和职工现代服务等为一体的综合性企业集团。其中,钼业公司、化工公司属省二级安全标准化企业,钼业公司是山东省唯一铜钼采选企业,在2000年国家统计局公布的全国最大100家有色金属采选企业中排名第32位。