Recent Researches on the Short-Term Climate Prediction at IAP－A Brief Review

Studies on the seasonal to extraseasonal climate prediction at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) in recent years were reviewed. The first short-term climate prediction experiment was carried out based on the atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) coupled to a tropical Pacific oceanic general circulation model (OGCM). In 1997, an ENSO prediction system including an oceanic initialization scheme was set up. At the same time, researches on the SST-induced climate predictability over East Asia were made. Based on the biennial signal in the interannual climate variability, an effective method was proposed for correcting the model predicted results recently. In order to consider the impacts of the initial soil mois ture anomalies, an empirical scheme was designed to compute the soil moisture by use of the atmospheric quantities like temperature, precipitation, and so on. Sets of prediction experiments were carried out to study the impacts of SST and the initial atmospheric conditions on the flood occurring over China in 1998.     

南海西南部西纳土纳盆地中部走滑构造带分段性及对油气控制作用

为了研究南海西南部印度尼西亚纳土纳群岛西侧西纳土纳盆地走滑构造特征及对油气的控制作用,对研究区三维地震资料进行了精细分析,并结合切片和剖面特征对走滑构造进行了刻画。研究表明盆地中部中新世晚期发育北西向右旋走滑构造,由南东向北西,构造特征存在明显差异,根据其平面、剖面特征及活动强度分为东段、中段和西段。东段平面上为平直的、贯通的主干走滑断裂和雁列断层组,剖面上为花状构造;中段平面上为S型贯通的主干走滑断裂和雁列断层组,剖面上为花状构造;而西段平面上为雁列构造,没有贯通的主干走滑断裂,剖面上主要为断阶组合。推测走滑构造的分段性受走滑强度、断层几何形态和盖层厚度的影响,并对圈闭形成和油气运移、聚集具有明显的控制作用。     

基于高光谱技术的湖泊富营养化综合评价研究——以贵阳市百花湖为例

为了能够准确、快速、大范围地对湖泊富营养化进行监测评价,以贵阳市百花湖为实例,首先,对其水体进行光谱实测与水体采样实验,以及对水体光谱进行归一化、一阶微分、二阶微分等处理,诊断各水质参数的敏感波段,建立其水质参数的高光谱遥感定量模型;其次,探讨湖泊水质高光谱反射率与水质参数浓度之间的定量关系,并采用综合营养状态指数法(TLI)对百花湖富营养化进行评价。结果表明:(1)利用水体光谱的一阶微分反射率分析光谱与水质参数之间的相关性,得出水质参数(Chl-a、TP、TN、SD、CODMn)的敏感波段分别为699nm、823nm、399 nm、563nm、504nm;(2)利用水质参数敏感波段对湖泊水质参数进行估测的效果较为理想,各估测模型R2分别达到0.8276、0.7711、0.7917、0.9213、0.8328;(3)采用水质参数的实测值与估测值对百花湖富营养化评价结果是一致的,且均为中营养化,说明采用高光谱技术对湖泊富营养化的监测与评价是可行的。     

Application of wireline formation tester in Tarim Oilfield

The application of wireline formation tester(WFT)gradually extends in oil-field with the constant improvement of instrument functions.Applications of WFT in oil and gas exploration in Tarim Oilfield,such as formation pressure measurement,are described,and testing efficiency between drill stem testing(DST)and WFT are compared,especially comprised of PVT sampling,hydrocarbon composition estimation,fluid characterization analysis and formation permeability analysis.The test results between WFT and traditional DST show that their functions can be complementary.The influence factors of WFT and the suitable applying conditions for WFT and DST are also discussed.     

714S天气雷达电磁辐射对人体影响分析及电磁辐射的防护

介绍了电磁辐射对人体的危害以及对电子设备或系统的干扰影响,并依据<电磁辐射防护规定>和相关国家标准,通过对714S天气雷达功率密度的计算,分析了该雷达电磁辐射对人体的影响区域,结果表明:距离该雷达325.5 m以外属安全区域;距离在100-325.5 m为建筑物限高区;距离在100 m以内为雷达旁瓣辐射影响区.     

Key techniques for the emergency disposal of Quake lakes

The Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12, 2008 formed a large number of Quake lakes; 104 of them had a dam taller than 10 m, a water storage capacity larger than 1.0 × 10⁵ m³, and a catchment area greater than 20 km². If these Quake lakes are not thoroughly assessed and properly disposed, the losses caused by the burst of these lakes may be even larger than those caused by this earthquake itself. The Quake lakes with high risks have been properly disposed with the schemes proposed by the authors. This article presents a case study on the emergency disposal of the Tangjiashan, Laohuzui, Jiadanwan, and other Quake lakes. The key techniques applied in the emergency disposal of Quake lakes, including site exploration, risk assessment, design of discharge chutes, selection of construction method and equipment as well as post-emergency disposal evaluation, are discussed.     

IAP94陆面过程模式在淮河流域的验证试验

利用ＩＡＰ９４陆面过程模式对淮河流域不同季节（春、夏、秋）、不同下垫面（旱地、森林、水田）进行了单点数值模拟试验，结果表明ＩＡＰ９４不但能较好地模拟出观测的地气间各种能量通量以及植被的冠层温度，同时还很好地模拟出整层土壤含水量的变化趋势，从而证实了ＩＡＰ９４陆面过程模式具有正确描述东亚半湿润季风区陆气相互作用的能力。另外比较结果还揭示了水田表面强烈蒸发作用的重要性，需要在陆过程模式中予以重视。