Comparison in diversity of eukaryotic algae in surface sediments from different functional sea areas of Qingdao coast,the Yellow Sea,China: a metabarcoding approach

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Surface sediment samples were collected in three different functional sea areas in Qingdao coast, East China, including the inner Jiaozhou Bay, the Laoshan...     

英国约克郡( Yo rkshire Dale)国家公园钙华苔藓植物群落研究

报道英国约克郡国家公园5个钙华沉积地点苔藓植物群落调查结果。该区域钙华苔藓群落共13个,由12科15属18种组成。区系地理成分由北温带和世界广布两种成分组成;生活型以垫状矮丛集型和交织型占优势。根据钙华沉积环境特征,划分Cron钙华苔藓群落、洞穴钙华苔藓群落、瀑华苔藓群落、峭壁钙华苔藓群落和泉华苔藓群落等5种类型。调查结果表明,研究区现代苔藓植物群落钙华沉积作用十分显著。      

INTERACTION BETWEEN TROPICAL CYCLONE AND MEIYU FRONT*

Generally speaking,the convection activities are inactive over western Pacific warm pool and tropical cyclone (TC) activity seldom occurs over the offshore of East Asia during the period of Meiyu rainfall.However,if a TC is active in this area,the Meiyu rainfall will often weaken or end up.Based on a statistical study with the data from 1980 to 1995,it is found that about 91% of 23 TC activities affected the intensity of Meiyu rainfall,and 50% of the end-up of Meiyu events were related to the active TCs and the change of subtropical high.The present paper simulates the effect of TC on Meiyu circulation by using MM4 model,and the results agree with the observations.From the point of view of vapor and energy transport,the landing of TC cuts not only the transport of the water vapor to Changjiang-Huaihe River basin from the Bay of Bengal but also the conversion of the mean flow energy to the Meiyu circulation because of the TC forcing to the zonal circulation.These two effects make the convection and perturbation existing in Meiyu region lack the supply of the vapor and energy for their maintenance and lead to the end of Meiyu rainfall.     

中国中西部大型湖盆沉积体系域研究进展及页岩油气勘探*

中国陆相大型湖盆碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩沉积区分布广泛,含油气盆地内新发现了多个油气田,特别是近年来在致密油/页岩油勘探方面获得了突破。根据沉积体系域演化和可容纳空间演变解释层序地层单元,建立层序演化模式,预测油气储集体,适合于研究有成因联系的异旋回地层序列。深水体系的沉积层序体系域研究进展表现为引入强制海退(湖退)的概念,从经典的层序地层学格架三分体系域发展为四分体系域和二分体系域,不同尺度的相对整合序列和体系域分布与命名具有紧密联系。强制海(湖)退条件下形成的下降期体系域(FSST)和强制海(湖)退楔体系域(FRW)有内涵细节上的差异。采用A-P-D(加积-进积-降积)准层序叠加分析方法,分析体系域格架下薄层细粒沉积砂体的沉积搬运机理,提高了体系域识别和油气储集体预测的准确度。柴达木盆地古近系和四川盆地侏罗系研究实例表明,湖侵体系域随湖平面上升,浅湖和半深湖范围扩大,沉积中心地区发育三角洲前缘薄层砂体和深水浊积扇及多旋回泥页岩—泥灰岩组合,有利于页岩油气储集体的发育,成为“甜点”勘探目标区。展望未来,与页岩油气勘探有关的沉积层序体系域领域研究在以下几个方面将取得重要进展: (1)咸化湖盆深水沉积体系的高频旋回体系域研究; (2)与页岩型和混积型页岩油类型相关的湖侵体系域混积体系研究; (3)体系域级别的层序—古地理研究; (4)体系域格架下的源-汇系统及其古湖泊分布特征研究; (5)湖泊古水深、古气候和古环境的地球化学指标分析; (6)富有机质页岩发育的微纳米级孔—缝体系储集能力研究; (7)煤系环境纯湖相泥岩和沼泽相(湖沼或河沼)泥岩对规模天然气生烃贡献率的沉积基础研究。     

窑洞外形特征对结构抗震性能影响研究

调查发现山西北部农村地区农居窑洞多是独立式土坯窑洞,结构主要受力体系是土坯砌体砌筑拱结构,其建造无统一标准,外形样式存在差异。由于拱结构的内力分布对外形尺寸变化比较敏感,为研究窑洞外形特征对结构抗震性能影响,建立相应的有限元模型进行计算分析,对比不同外形特征窑洞在地震作用下的损伤情况,并结合历史震害,指出窑洞结构的薄弱位置。研究结果表明覆土较厚的窑洞容易损伤,连拱孔数较多窑洞的两侧位置更容易发生破坏,拱的曲线形状对结构抗震性能有一定影响,合理拱曲线窑洞的抗震性能优于一般形状窑洞。     

Wind-induced instabilities and monitoring of wind turbine

This paper presents real-time monitoring data and analysis results of the non-stationary vibrations of an operational wind turbine. The advanced time-frequency spectrum analysis reveals varied non-stationary vibrations with timevarying frequencies, which are correlated with certain system natural modes characterized by finite element analysis. Under the effects of strong wind load, the wind turbine system exhibits certain resonances due to blade passing excitations. The system also exhibits certain instabilities due to the coupling of the tower bending modes and blade flapwise mode with blade passing excitations under the variation of wind speed. An analytical model is used to elaborate the non-stationary and instability phenomena observed in experimental results. The properties of the nonlinear instabilities are evaluated by using Lyapunov exponent estimation.     

错列不等直径双圆柱绕流特性数值研究

为研究低亚临界雷诺数Re情况下错列角度θ对不等直径双柱体绕流特性的影响,利用Fluent软件模拟了Re为3 900、间距比G/D为2.0、直径比D/d为0.5、θ=0°~180°之间9种角度的绕流过程,得到了流场涡量图、斯特鲁哈数St_1和St_2、平均阻力系数C_(d1)和C_(d2)以及平均升力系数C_(l1)和C_(l2)。研究结果表明,随着θ的从小到大,St_1先增大后减小,且在θ=30°和180°时有两个值,St_2在θ=120°~150°时明显小于其它角度;C_(d1)和C_(d2)的整体趋势都是先增大后减小,C_(l1)在θ=150°时取得极大值,C_(l2)在θ=30°时取得极小值。θ=0°时,两柱后方有单一涡脱落形态;θ=30°时,小柱后方有稳定漩涡脱落产生,大柱后方涡脱落受到干扰,且大柱有两个涡脱落频率;θ=45°~90°时,在间隙流的作用下,两柱后方均有漩涡脱落,尾流中有两列涡街;θ=120°~180°时,大柱后有稳定漩涡脱落,小柱涡脱落受到抑制。研究结果可为相关海洋工程设计提供参考。     

测绘地理信息类本科专业“一干两轴三维”人才培养模式建设

为优化配置教学资源,提高教学效率,增强专业人才培养特色,提出测绘地理信息类本科专业“一干两轴三维”人才培养模式。该模式以掌握现代测绘地理信息科学技术理论为中心,培养创新研究能力和创新实践能力为主轴,设置工程测量、城市空间信息工程、摄影测量与遥感3个方向;从制订培养方案入手,围绕课程体系建设改革教学模式,针对专业方向强化实践教学;构建了校企合作开放型人才培养体系。该模式目前已经应用,取得了显著效果。     

2003年春季中国沙尘天气异常的气候及环境背景

概述了2003年春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常偏少的观测事实及其本特征.利用NCEP再分析资料以及台站观测资料,对可能影响2003年春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常的气候与环境背景进行了分析.初步研究结果表明:2002/2003年冬季东亚大槽偏浅、东亚冬季风偏弱,从而导致春季冷空气活动偏少,这是造成2003年春季沙尘天气异常偏少的动力成因.此外,2003春季中国北方大部地区降水量偏多,沙尘源区内蒙古等地地表积雪覆盖面积大,从而造成积雪融化较晚,地表冻土层解冻推迟,土壤湿度增加,这也在一定程度上抑制了沙尘天气的形成.对卫星遥感反演的叶面积指数的分析表明,2003春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常偏少与下垫面植被覆盖异常的关系不大.