Modelling the flexural buckling failure of stratified rock slopes based on the multilayer beam model

The buckling failure of stratified rock slopes intersected by a set of steep discontinuities that are approximately parallel to the slope surface is frequently encountered while constructing railways and roadways in mountainous areas. In this study, an analytical approach based on the energy equilibrium principle is presented to solve the flexural buckling stability of stratified rock slopes within the framework of multilayer beam theory. The generalized HoekBrown failure criterion is introduced to reflect the influences of slope size(scale effects) on the buckling stability. Subsequently, numerical and physical modellings from previous literatures are employed to validate the proposed approach. Furthermore, a practical case of Bawang Mountain landslide is also used for the comparative analysis. The study shows that the present analytical approach is capable to provide a more reasonable assessment for the buckling failure of stratified rock slopes, compared with several existing analytical approaches. Finally, a detailed parametric study is implemented, and the results indicate that the effects of rock strength, rock deformation modulus, geological strength index, layer thickness and disturbance degree of rock mass on the buckling failure of stratified rock slopes are more significant than that of rock type and slope angle.     

Dynamic hydraulic jump and retrograde sedimentation in an open channel induced by sediment supply: experimental study and SPH simulation

Mountainous torrents often carry large amounts of loose materials into the rivers, thus causing strong sediment transport. Experimentally it was found for the first time that when the intensive sediment motion occurs downstream over a gentle slope, the siltation of the riverbed is induced and the sediment particles can move upstream rapidly in the form of a retrograde sand wave, resulting in a higher water level along the river. To further study the complex mechanisms of this problem, a sediment mass model in the framework of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH) method was presented to simulate the riverbed evolution, sediment particle motion, and the generation and development of dynamic hydraulic jump under the condition of sufficient sediment supply over a steep slope with varying angles. Because the sediment is not a continuous medium, the marker particle tracking approach was proposed to represent a piece of sediment with a marked sediment particle. The twophase SPH model realizes the interaction between the sediment and fluid by moving the bed boundary particles up and down, so it can reasonably treat the fluid-sediment interfaces with high CPU efficiency. The critical triggering condition of sediment motion, the propagation of the hydraulic jump and the initial siltation position were all systematically studied. The experimental and numerical results revealed the extra disastrous sediment effect in a mountainous flood. The findings will be useful references to the disaster prevention and mitigation in mountainous rivers.     

2016年门源Ms6.4地震前祁连山周边断层活动分析

基于青藏高原东北缘地区最新的跨断层资料,利用时序曲线分析、断层速率合成分析和垂直形变累积率分析等多种方法进行计算,从不同角度和范围提取2016年门源Ms6.4地震震前异常特征,揭示断层活动。结果显示：1）震中距150 km以内多个场地出现了典型的以加速张性变化为主的短期异常,150~300 km内的异常以趋势变化为主;2）祁连山-海原断裂带上异常场地的空间分布表现出由祁连山断裂带中部集中向东迁移至中东部集中的特征,海原断裂上异常有所增多,此类现象与2003年民乐6.1级地震前的现象极其相似;3）祁连山断裂自2014年以来合成速率偏离正常动态值较远,容易积累应变。垂直形变趋势累积率的计算结果显示,地震震中位于形变积累的高值区。     

航空重力测量中牛顿中心差分器对确定载体加速度的影响

讨论不同点数的牛顿中心差分器对航空重力测量中确定载体加速度的影响。理论分析表明,当航空重力测量的有效频段位于牛顿中心差分器的通带时,不同点数的牛顿中心差分器所得结果经低通滤波后几乎没有差异。实验表明,当采样间隔为1 s、载体平均速度为155 m/s、所需重力数据的分辨率为10 km时,低通滤波后不同点数的牛顿中心差分器输出结果之间的较差优于2.1 mGal。     

基于Android的移动端宗地图成图

宗地图是土地使用合同书附图及房地产登记卡附图,也是矿区土地管理的附图。利用移动端进行宗地图现场成图有利于土地所有者与矿区土地管理部门对宗地信息进行现场核查。本文在对Android系统研究的基础上搭建PC环境下Android开发的虚拟环境,采用开源的Java技术开发宗地图自动生成模块。该模块能够实现绘图区的定义、宗地图基础数据的录入、宗地图界址点坐标的展绘等功能。该模块以图斑为基本分析单元,能够快速、合理、美观地展绘界址点并标注宗地图要素,从而提高了土地管理部门的办公效率。     

改进的小波阈值函数对变形监测数据的去噪研究

基于小波分析中传统的阈值函数,结合其他学者提出的小波阈值函数,提出一种改进的小波阈值函数,并将其应用于变形监测数据的去噪处理。理论分析和算例表明,新的小波阈值去噪函数能够有效去除噪声。     

基于粒子滤波的行车轨迹路网匹配方法

行车轨迹是一种时间序列的地理空间位置采样数据,而传统的轨迹—路网匹配方法主要以全局或局部寻优的方式建立轨迹—路网匹配关系,影响了时空场景中数据的匹配计算过程的相对独立性。针对这个问题,本文基于粒子滤波（Particle Filter,PF）原理建立行车轨迹与道路网络之间的匹配关系。首先,沿轨迹中车辆运动方向在道路网络中搜索邻近道路节点,在与道路节点拓扑邻接的道路弧段上初始化随机生成粒子,根据轨迹中车辆运动模型将粒子沿所在道路弧段移动;然后,基于PF原理计算各时刻粒子运动状态及与行车轨迹采样点之间的距离误差,根据高斯概率密度函数计算粒子权重并利用随机重采样方法进行粒子重采样,迭代更新粒子运动状态;最后,计算与搜索到的道路节点拓扑邻接的每条道路弧段中累计粒子权重,通过各道路弧段累计权重计算轨迹—路网匹配关系。以行车轨迹进行实验表明,利用本文方法可以通过粒子时空变化反映采样点的移动,行车轨迹—路网匹配结果的正确率大于85%,能够实现行车轨迹和路网的准确匹配。     

城镇-农业-生态空间划定的多情景模拟

城镇-农业-生态空间划定(简称"三区"划定)是国土空间规划的核心内容,对于科学合理地规划、利用有限的国土资源具有重要的意义。已有研究主要根据区域内土地利用与社会经济发展现状构建指标体系进行"三区"划定,较少将未来土地利用变化纳入"三区"划定过程中,使得划定结果在指导实践过程中缺乏前瞻性。针对这一问题,本文提出一种基于土地利用情景模拟,结合指标体系评价与决策树特征挖掘的"三区"划定方法,并以武汉市2015年土地利用现状为基础,在土地利用变化情景模拟的基础上进行"三区"划定。通过对比,验证了本文提出方法的合理性。研究发现:①不同情景下的"三区"空间在规模、空间分布上具有明显差异,将未来土地利用变化纳入"三区"划定过程中确有必要;②不同土地利用情景下"三区"空间的差异主要出现在三类空间的交界区域,这些区域是国土空间规划应该关注的重点区域。     

基于PDA的测量机器人自动化网观测软件研究

分析了自动化网观测软件的具体开发过程,介绍了软件系统所实现的主要功能,获得了可靠的观测数据.     

基于资源三号三线阵影像快速制作DSM生产应用研究

主要利用资源三号卫星影像进行稀少控制定向和选择不同视影像组合分别进行DSM产品快速制作试验,并对试验结果进行主观和定量评价,分析利用资源三号三线阵影像快速制作DSM产品的流程及适用条件。