Effect of Penetration Rates on the Piezocone Penetration Test in the Yellow River Delta Silt

Partial drainage often occurs during piezocone penetration testing on Yellow River Delta silt because of its intermediate physical and mechanical properties between those of sand and clay.Yet,there is no accurate understanding for the range of penetra-tion rates to trigger the partial drainage of silt soils.In order to fully investigate cone penetration rate effects under partial drainage condi-tions,indoor 1 g penetration model tests and numerical simulations of cavity expansion at variable penetration rates were carried out on the Yellow River Delta silt.The boundary effect of the model tests and the variation of key parameters at the different cavity ex-pansion rates were analyzed.The 1 g penetration model test results and numerical simulations results consistently indicated that the penetration rate to trigger the partially drainage of typical silt varied at least three orders of magnitude.The numerical simulations also provide the reference values for the penetration resistance corresponding to zero dilation and zero viscosity at any given normalized penetration rate for silt in Yellow River Delta.These geotechnical properties can be used for the design of offshore platforms in Yel-low River Delta,and the understanding of cone penetration rate effects under the partially drained conditions would provide some technical support for geohazard evaluation of offshore platforms.     

开发区土地集约利用评价研究——以福建省福清融侨经济技术开发区为例

针对目前我国开发区土地利用过程中产生的一系列问题,采用特尔婓法、AHP分析法、发展趋势估算法、目标值法等研究方法,对开发区土地的集约利用水平进行定量评价.以福建省福清市为例,论述了福清融侨经济技术开发区现阶段的土地集约利用水平,并以此为基础,提出如何有效提高土地集约利用水平的相关建议.     

澳大利亚拉克兰造山带成矿地质条件与主要矿化类型

澳大利亚拉克兰造山带（又称拉克兰褶皱带,简称LFB）由强烈变形的寒武纪—泥盆纪深海沉积岩、燧石和基性火山岩,以及更年轻的盖层所构成,其造山过程表现为澳大利亚板块向东南方向不断增生的过程。该造山带的长期演化,形成了以维多利亚金矿省为典型代表的造山型金矿床及其它类型的多金属矿床,本质上这些矿床的形成与特殊的成矿地质条件密切相关。对该区相关文献进行分析和总结,提炼出拉克兰造山带金及多金属矿床的主要地质特征,划分出5种主要矿化类型：造山型金矿、花岗岩中细脉浸染型钨—锡矿、斑岩型铜—金矿、火山喷流铜—锌—金硫化物矿床、产于断陷盆地沉积岩中的铜—铅—锌—金矿。5种矿化类型各具特色,空间上有规律性地分布。     

90年代中国省级区域经济与环境协调度分析

在阐述经济环境协调度理论的基础上,建立了环境承载力与经济发展水平之间的协调度模型。并通过对90年代我国省级区域的实证分析,发现我国空间区域经济环境协调度基本符合“U”型曲线,区域经济发展模式大多以牺牲环境为代价,特别是中西部地区的问题比较严重。     

广西防城港海域沉积物特征及输运趋势

通过对2010―2011年在广西防城港海域表层沉积物所取样品进行粒度实验,并利用二维沉积物粒径趋势分析模型进行了粒径输运趋势分析。结果表明,研究区海域底质沉积物类型主要为砂、粉砂质砂、砾石质砂、砂-粉砂-黏土、黏土质粉砂和砂质粉砂等6种。粒度参数在空间分布上,沿岸和西部海域中值粒径较粗,分选中等或较好,偏态呈正偏或极正偏,在海湾口处呈负偏或极负偏;东南部海域粒径较细,分选系数差,偏态呈负偏或近对称。根据沉积物输运趋势方向不同,将研究海域分为3个区：沿岸海域主要离岸输送,方向由北向南;东南部海域的沉积物输运趋势向中间汇聚,形成一个沉积中心;西南部海域,沉积物输运方向偏北。     

东北漫岗黑土区切沟侵蚀发育特征

随着人们对土壤侵蚀空间尺度认识的加深, 发育在更大空间尺度上的切沟愈来愈受到重视。切沟是土壤侵蚀的重要组成部分, 但现有的土壤侵蚀模型尚未包括切沟侵蚀部分。本研究利用高精度差分GPS, 在对东北典型漫岗黑土区切沟监测的基础上, 借助GIS 平台生成DEM, 通过DEM 的叠加分析, 探讨了沟内蚀积变化特征。并在此基础上, 提出了东北切沟侵蚀的概念模型, 认为冬春季冻融侵蚀产生沟内堆积-雨季径流产生侵蚀的过程可能是该区切沟发育的一种重要模式。     

Present and Late Pleistocene equilibrium line altitudes in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China

According to the glacial landforms and deposits with the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results, two glacial stages of the last glacial cycle (LGC) and Late Glacial were identified. The Late Glacial stage (Meteorological Station glacier advance) took place about 11 ka (11.3±1.2 ka), and the last glacial maximum (LGM), named Black Wind Mouth glacier advance, occurred at 20 ka (20.0±2.1 ka). Based on the Ohmura’s formula in which there is a relationship between summer (JJA) atmospheric temperature (T) and the annual precipitation (P) at ELA, the present theoretical equilibrium line altitude (ELAt) in Changbai Mountains was 3380±100 m. Six methods of accumulation–area ratio (AAR), maximum elevation of lateral moraines (MELM), toe–to headwall altitude ratios (THAR), the terminal to summit altitudinal (TSAM), the altitude of cirque floor (CF), and the terminal to average elevation of the catchment area (Hofer) were used for calculation of the former ELAs in different stages. These methods provided the ELA for a range of 2250–2383 m with an average value of 2320±20 m during the LGM, which is 200 m higher than the value of previous investigation. The snowlines during the Late Glacial are 2490 m on northern slope, and 2440 m on western slope. The results show that the snowline on northern slope is 50 m higher than that on western slope during the Late Glacial, and the average snowline is 2465m. The ELA △ values were more than 1000 m during the LGM, and about 920 m lower than now during the Late Glacial stage respectively. Compared with Taiwanese and Japanese mountains in East Asia during the LGM, the effect of the uplift on ELA in Changbai Mountains during the glaciations (i.e. 20 m uplift in the LGM and 11 m in the Late Glacial) is not obvious.     

珠江三角洲三水盆地早全新世以来 孢粉分析与古环境重建

为了深入探讨珠江三角洲的沉积古环境和古气候历史,在三水市区获取了2个高取芯率的钻孔岩芯,进行了12个AMS 14C测年,并结合孢粉、硅藻等分析结果探讨三水地区全新世的海平面与河流水动力变化,以及古植被演替过程。结果表明：钻孔所在区域全新世沉积总体从9 000 cal. a B.P.左右开始,呈现河流相―河湾相―河口湾相―潮坪相―河口湾相―河漫滩相的演变过程。三水区的早全新世沉积阶段年代最早为9 000 cal. a B.P.左右,表现为河口湾相的淤泥质粉砂沉积,硅藻以淡水种类为主,最高沉积速率为1.6 cm/a。海侵初始时间为8 700 cal. a B.P.左右,最高海平面时间为7 600 cal. a B.P.左右,此时海岸带发育红树林,丘陵山地发育较茂盛的亚常绿热带常绿阔叶林;中―晚全新世阶段（6 500―2 200 cal. a B.P.）,以泥炭粉砂沉积为主,沉积速率为0.2~0.5 cm/a,河口区高潮线附近及河流弯道低洼滩地在5 000 cal. a B.P.前后形成淡水沼泽、河口三角洲边缘区洼地水松林发育。在晚全新世（2 200 cal. a B.P.左右）以来,陆相黏土质沉积指示河口泥沙快速堆积,三角洲平原迅速扩大,沉积速率高达1.7 cm/a。孢粉结果显示次生的芒箕孢子剧增,陆地植被稀疏,人类活动显著增强。     

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利益相关者对旅游产业的认知差异分析

基于一般系统论和博弈论理论,对旅游产业利益相关者进行界定,分析了各利益主体对旅游产业认知差异,认为主要表现在政策、经济、社会文化、环境保护等4个方面.由于认知差异的存在,各利益主体行为对旅游产业产生了正面影响和负面影响,针对负面影响提出了相应的对策,旨在促进旅游产业发展达到一种利益均衡、责权对称的状态.