基于Autonomy的国土资源档案知识挖掘与应用平台研究

本文在分析大数据背景下国土资源信息化面临的挑战及国土资源档案数据现状的基础上,提出基于Autonomy知识与服务架构,重点阐述架构的三个组成部分：数据采集平台、本体构建与分析平台、数据处理平台,介绍了基于Autonomy Idol的应用功能设计实例。探讨海量国土资源档案数据管理与应用的新方式,为国土资源数据档案的管理提供大数据支持的理论基础。     

企业社区居民地方认同变化及作用机理——以西北第一印染厂社区为例

地方认同是衡量人地情感、理解人与地方认知关系的重要概念,能够反映人地互动的复杂动态关系。企业社区作为重要的城市居住空间,理解居民地方认同对于科学开展城市社区更新、街区振兴与可持续发展具有重要意义。以西安市西北第一印染厂社区为例,采用扎根理论方法,分析社会环境变迁和社区重构影响下,居民个人身份与地方认同的变化及作用机理。研究发现：1）企业社区居民个人身份认同是从单位人向社会人,以及未来作为留守老年群体的转变。2）延续传承的集体记忆维系居民积极式认同,社会交往生疏化和社区管理社会化加剧地方认同弱化,破败的建筑环境和落后的配套设施带来消极式认同。3）居民在生活、成长的企业社区环境和社会互动中构建了自身及对地方的认同,随着外部社会环境与内部居民个体特征而变化。外部社会环境的国企改革、住房改革使企业转轨、社区社会空间转变,加以居住时间差异、个体特征、心理因素与个人经历变化等内部因素,共同塑造居民的地方认同及其变化过程。     

湖北郧县辽瓦店黄土剖面风化特征及其对气候变化的响应

对湖北郧县辽瓦店剖面的沉积学特征及磁化率、粒度、Rb、Sr含量等理化指标进行了研究。结果表明:辽瓦店剖面自下而上具有马兰黄土(L₁)-过渡层(L_t)-古土壤(S₀)-全新世黄土(L₀)-表土(TS)地层序列;不同地层单元的风化成壤差异明显,其成壤强弱顺序为古土壤S₀成壤最强、全新世黄土L₀和过渡层L_t次之、马兰黄土L₁最弱。成壤强弱的变化揭示出该区晚更新世末期(11 500 a BP以前)气候干冷,全新世早期(11 500~8 500 a BP)气候处于晚更新世干冷向全新世中期暖湿的过渡阶段,全新世中期(8 500~3 100 a BP)气候最为温暖湿润,全新世晚期(3 100 a BP以来)气候转为干冷且逐渐恶化的变化过程。     

Trace elements and stable isotopic geochemistry of an Early Cambrian chert-phosphorite unit from the lower Yurtus Formation of the Sugetbrak section in the Tarim Basin

A chert-phosphorite unit from the Sugetbrak section in the Tarim Basin was analyzed for rare earth elements (Ce, Eu), redox sensitive proxies, and carbon isotopic compositions (δ¹³C_carb and δ ¹³C_org) in the lower Yurtus Formation of the Early Cambrian period. Redox sensitive element ratios (Th/U, V/Cr, Ni/Co, and V/Sc) were employed to determine the palaeoenvironmental conditions during this period. The ratios indicated that the depositional environment of the chert-phosphorite-black shale unit ranged from suboxic to anoxic. Negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies in the chert-phosphorite assemblages of the studied Yurtus Formation indicated the existence of a redox-stratified ocean, similar to that of South China. Overturn or upward expansion of the deep water-mass probably reached the shallow marine zone after the formation of the Yurtus phosphorites. The characteristics of the negative Ce anomaly may be due to phosphoritic inheritance from the Ce-depleted signature of the overlying water column. Subsequent hydrothermal inputs and reduced detrital supplies of the deep water caused by the upwelling affected certain redox sensitive elements in the sedimentary basin. δ ¹³C_carb and δ¹³C_org negative excursions in the Yurtus chert-phosphorite unit may be related to a transgression phase when episodic basinal upwelling moved ¹²C- and P-rich waters from the pelagic basin floor to the continental shelf. Although carbon isotopic compositions in the Yurtus chert-phosphorite assemblages may have suffered from diagenetic alteration, they can be used to probe diagenetic conditions. Multi-proxy geochemical studies indicated that the δ ¹³C_carb values of the Yurtus chert-phosphorite assemblages might be considered reflections of a predominantly suboxic environment that was subsequently affected by hydrothermal inputs due to the upwelling.     

刘桥一矿陷落柱发育规律及含水性研究

根据刘桥一矿1971年建井至今发现的8个陷落柱实际资料，通过对揭露陷落柱的地质、水文地质及分布特征的分析，阐述了陷落柱发育的根基所在，对陷落柱发育规律及成因进行了探讨，对于含水陷落柱的注浆封堵、留设保护煤岩柱，以及本矿矿井的深部开采都具有借鉴意义。     

超高压变质岩矿物中的显微构造缺陷:来自TEM和FTIR研究的证据

超高压变质矿物的某些显微构造缺陷可能指示了岩石短暂和快速抬升过程。文中报道了中国大别山双河地区超高压硬玉石英岩矿物显微构造缺陷的透射电镜(TEM)和Fourier变换红外光谱(FTIR)的研究结果。用TEM研究方法,在硬玉石英岩中硬玉包裹体内发现了亚微米级天然蒙钠长石(MA,C2/m)、高钠长石(HA,C)和低钠长石(LA,C)三种多形变体。表明岩石在折返过程经历过高温变质作用(>930℃),以及退变质过程的快速冷却;在石英包裹体内发现了纳米级柯石英和石盐子矿物,提供了柯石英转变为石英以及峰期变质条件下高盐流体存在的证据。"名义上无水矿物"(NAMs)的结构水(OH/H2O)是以缺陷形式赋存于矿物结构中。FTIR分析结果显示硬玉、石榴石、金红石和石英中结构水的平均含量分别为1000×10-6、(900~1600)×10-6、>2000×10-6和<4×10-6,硬玉石英岩全岩含水量为(490~600)×10-6,表明在高压-超高压变质作用过程中,地壳或原岩中的水可以通过这些NAMs携带到地球深部。该类显微构造缺陷可能是大陆碰撞造山带在高应变速率下的局部弱化和深部断层作用的结果。     

Study of stable isotopes for highly deformed aquifers in the Hsinchu-Miaoli area, Taiwan

This study was based on the analysis of isotopic compositions of hydrogen and oxygen in samples from precipitation, groundwater and stream water. In addition, parts of groundwater samples were dated by carbon-14 and tritium. These data are integrated to provide other views of the hydrologic cycle in the Hsinchu-Miaoli groundwater district. The groundwater district is principally composed of Pleistocene and Holocene aquifers. The Pleistocene aquifers are highly deformed by folding and faults into small sub-districts with areas of only tens of square kilometers. These aquifers are exclusively recharged by local precipitation. The Holocene aquifers cover narrow creek valleys, only tens of meters in thickness. The local meteoric water line (LMWL), constructed from rainfall samples in the Hsinchu Science Park, is described by the equation δD=8.02δ¹⁸O+10.16, which agrees with the global meteoric water line. In addition, the precipitation isotopic compositions can be categorized into two distinct end members: typhoon type and monsoon type. The groundwater isotopic compositions are perfectly located on an LMWL and can be considered a mixture of precipitations. Based on the mass balance of isotopic compositions of oxygen and hydrogen, infiltration is more active in the rainy season with depleted isotopic compositions. The amount of infiltration during May–September is roughly estimated to comprise at least 55% of the whole year’s recharge. The isotopic compositions of stream water are expressed by a regression equation: δD=7.61δ¹⁸O+9.62, which is similar to the LMWL. Although precipitation isotopic compositions are depleted during summer time, the isotopic compositions contrarily show an enriched trend in the upstream area. This is explained by the opposite altitude effect on isotopic compositions for typhoon-related precipitations.     

Geochemistry of Alkaline—Ultrabasic Rocks in the Jijie Complex,Lufeng,Yunnan

is paper is concerned with the geochemical features of major elements,transition metal elements,large ion lithophile elements,rare-earth elements and Sr isotopes in alkaline-ul-trabasic rocks in the Jijie complex of Lufeng,Yunnan Province,which is located in southern Sichuan-Yunnan rift zone,one of Luoci alkaline-ultrabasic complexes in central Ynnnan,Moreover,its origin pertaining primary magma,magma soure region,fractional crystallization,etc.are also discussed in the present paper.     

Modeling the effects of riparian planting strategies on stream temperature: Increasing suitable habitat for endangered Formosan Landlocked Salmon in Shei‐Pa National Park,Taiwan

Reducing or stabilizing the stream temperature of ChiChiaWan Creek is a crucial work for Formosan Landlocked Salmon because ChiChiaWan Creek is the only one habitat for this endangered species. Planting trees in the riparian zone would be one of the alternatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of several planting strategies on daily maximum stream temperature along the river. The results showed the effective vegetative shading angles should be more than 50° along ChiChiaWan Creek to reduce the direct solar radiation heating effectively. Upstream planting with 70° vegetative shading angle could be the most effective way among all the scenarios. However, this planting strategy could not improve the worst situations in summer because of the large solar elevation angles. The upstream planting in ChiChiaWan Creek was strongly recommended because the canopies could be easier to extend to totally cover the narrow width of river producing the most effective shades. Practicing the upstream planting with 90° vegetative shading angle can increase more than 1 km long suitable habitats for the endangered Salmon in summer. Alternatively, the west‐side planting scenario was the second effective way for temperature reduction. Our result provided a useful suggestion for the authorities in charge of saving the Formosan Landlocked Salmon, particularly under the stress of global warming. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.