The south-western Black Forest and the Upper Rhine Graben Main Border Fault: thermal history and hydrothermal fluid flow

The thermal history of the south-westernmost Black Forest (Germany) and the adjacent Upper Rhine Graben were constrained by a combination of apatite and zircon fission-track (FT) and microstructural analyses. After intrusion of Palaeozoic granitic plutons in the Black Forest, the thermal regime of the studied area re-equilibrated during the Late Permian and the Mesozoic, interrupted by enhanced hydrothermal activity during the Jurassic. At the eastern flank of the Upper Rhine Graben along the Main Border Fault the analysed samples show microstructural characteristics related to repeated tectonic and hydrothermal activities. The integration of microstructural observations of the cataclastic fault gouge with the FT data identifies the existence of repeated tectonic-related fluid flow events characterised by different thermal conditions. The older took place during the Variscan and/or Mesozoic time at temperatures lower than 280°C, whereas the younger was probably contemporary with the Cenozoic rifting of the Upper Rhine Graben at temperatures not higher than 150°C.     

Assessment of the risk of rockfalls in Wu Gorge, Three Gorges, China

In 2007 and 2008, six big damaging rockfalls occurred at four sites in Wu Gorge, the second gorge of the Three Gorges, China. Detailed surveys and aerial-photographic interpretation identified 104 potentially dangerous rock masses. This paper reviews previous rock-mass risk ratings, examines dangerous rock-mass structure and presents a new assessment system for rockfall risk (ASRFR) in the Wu Gorge area. The ASRFR considers 15 factors: seven factors for hazard and eight factors for consequence. Relative importance weights for these factors are ascertained using an analytic hierarchy process. Using an equation to calculate the risk, the 104 dangerous rock masses were divided into three risk groups: high risk (33 sites), medium risk (33 sites) and low risk (38 sites). The ASRFR analysis can be used to divide the shipping route through the Wu Gorge into seven courses each of one of three classes: safe-route regions, yellow-alarm regions and red-alarm regions. The system provides geological information and a rockfall-risk management tool for local government and the shipment-route department.     

纤粒矿物粉尘体外细胞毒性研究

采用体外细胞培养技术,观察兔肺泡巨噬细胞死亡率,用丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量变化、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性变化来评价来自１２个矿６床的６种矿物的１２种结晶习性的矿物粉尘的细胞毒性,探讨其使巨噬细胞受损的机制。结果显示：沸石、硅灰石无细胞毒性,而其他的纤维状及片粒状矿物粉尘则表现出不同程度的细胞毒性,说明矿物粉尘的细胞毒性与矿物粉尘的形态有一定关系,但主要由矿物粉尘的特性所决     

中国金伯利岩中的钛铁矿

本文研究了金伯利岩中,作为巨晶和粗晶,基质相矿物,与金云母、镁铝榴石、铬尖晶石等矿物的连生体,金刚石中包裹体矿物及金伯利岩地幔岩包裹体矿物产出的钛铁矿的大小,形态、皮壳及化学成分、端元组分、环带及成分变异趋势。并与其他岩类中的钛铁矿作了对比。探讨了不同产状、共生组合类型的钛铁矿的成因。指出了与金刚石紧密伴生的钛铁矿的标型特征及找矿意义。     

支持向量回归机在滑坡安全可靠度评价中的应用研究

探讨支持向量机的参数优化方法,将学习能力较强的支持向量机引入滑坡可靠度评价当中,并根据数理统计的理论,对滑坡稳定性敏感性因素作数据处理,并证明其合理性,在此基础上提出一种改进的可靠度指标的计算方法。为便于对比,分别选取49个学习样本和121个学习样本两种计算模型,计算实例表明,这两种计算模型与蒙特卡洛模型计算结果非常接近,充分体现了在小样本的情形下支持向量机的优势,说明将其应用于滑坡安全可靠度评价中是可行的。     

新疆希勒库都克铜钼矿区岩浆混合作用: 来自锆石U-Pb年代学的证据

新疆北部富蕴县内希勒库都克铜钼矿区的花岗闪长岩及其包体岩相学、矿物化学和岩石地球化学特征及野外地质特征显示其为岩浆混合作用的结果。本文获得花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体玄武安山玢岩、细粒辉长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为326.8±2.1Ma、327.6±2.4Ma、329.3±2.3Ma,年龄值基本一致,这一结果从年代学角度为花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体的岩浆混合作用成因提供证据。偏酸性的花岗闪长质与偏基性玄武安山质岩浆混合作用形成了331.9±2.1Ma的安山玢岩脉。     

陕西铜川—黄陵地区油页岩地质特征及利用前景

位于鄂尔多斯盆地东南部的陕西铜川、宜君和黄陵一带赋存着丰富的油页岩资源。主要的含油页岩层位是中—晚三叠世延长组下段上部,具体形成时间为中三叠世晚期。野外观察发现,油页岩露头主要分布于铜川—宜君—黄陵一带,主矿层厚度一般为2~36 m。测得含油率为1.8%~13.7%,发热量为1.66~11.45 M J/kg,推测干酪根类型为I-II1,产烃率为400 kg/t,中等偏好,页岩油(相当于原油)资源量约100×108t,储量近亿吨。宏观和微观资料表明,该区油页岩是在淡水、近岸、强还原、富含有机质的沉积环境下形成的,属于大型内陆湖盆的半深—深湖相,埋藏浅,储量较大,交通条件好,如果在适当时机开发,不仅可获得初步经济效益,也可为鄂尔多斯油页岩的开发利用获取开拓性的经验。该区油页岩矿位于西部最大城市西安市附近,开发利用的意义重大。