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925.
Z. M. Malkin 《Astronomy Reports》2010,54(11):1053-1061
VLBI observations carried out by global networks provide the most accurate values of the precession-nutation angles determining
the position of the celestial pole; as a rule, these results become available two to four weeks after the observations. Therefore,
numerous applications, such as satellite navigation systems, operational determination of Universal Time, and space navigation,
use predictions of the coordinates of the celestial pole. In connection with this, the accuracy of predictions of the precession—nutation
angles based on observational data obtained over the last three years is analyzed for the first time, using three empiric
nutation models-namely, those developed at the US Naval Observatory, the Paris Observatory, and the Pulkovo Observatory. This
analysis shows that the last model has the best of accuracy in predicting the coordinates of the celestial pole. The rms error
for a one-month prediction proposed by this model is below 100 microarcsecond. 相似文献
926.
I.S. Peretyazhko S.Z. Smirnov A.R. Kotel’nikov Z.A. Kotel’nikova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(4):349-368
The phase state of fluid in the system H3BO3–NaF–SiO2–H2O was studied at 350–800 °C and 1–2 kbar by the method of synthetic fluid inclusions. The increase in the solubility of quartz and the high reciprocal solubility of H3BO3 and NaF in water fluid at high temperatures are due to the formation of complexes containing B, F, Si, and Na. At 800 °C and 2 kbar, both liquid and gas immiscible phases (viscous silicate-water-salt liquid and three water fluids with different contents of B and F) are dispersed within each other. The Raman spectra of aqueous solutions and viscous liquid show not only a peak of [B(OH)3]0 but also peaks of complexes [B(OH)4]–, polyborates [B4O5(OH)4]2–, [B3O3(OH)4]–, and [B5O6(OH)4]–, and/or fluoroborates [B3F6O3]3–, [BF2(OH)2]–, [BF3(OH)]–, and [BF4]–. The high viscosity of nonfreezing fluid is due to the polymerization of complexes of polyborates and fluorine-substituted polyborates containing Si and Na. Solutions in fluid inclusions belong to P–Q type complicated by a metastable or stable immiscibility region. Metastable fluid equilibria transform into stable ones owing to the formation of new complexes at 800 ºC and 2 kbar as a result of the interaction of quartz with B-F-containing fluid. At high concentrations of F and B in natural fluids, complexes containing B, F, Si, and alkaline metals and silicate-water-salt dispersed phases might be produced and concentrate many elements, including ore-forming ones. Their transformation into vitreous masses or viscous liquids (gels, jellies) during cooling and the subsequent crystallization of these products at low temperatures (300–400 °C) should lead to the release of fluid enriched in the above elements. 相似文献
927.
V. N. Golubev I. V. Chernyshev A. B. Kotov E. B. Sal’nikova Yu. V. Golzman E. D. Bairova S. Z. Yakovleva 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2010,52(6):496-513
An isotopic geochronological study of Russia’s largest Strel’tsovka uranium district has been carried out. Polychronous granite
generation, which determined the structure of the pre-Mesozoic basement, had important implications for the formation of volcanotectonic
structural elements bearing economic uranium mineralization. The study of U-Pb, Rb-Sr, and Sm-Nd isotopic systems of whole-rock
samples and minerals of granitic rocks allowed us to estimate the deportment of these systems in spatially conjugated granite-forming
and hydrothermal processes differing in age and gave grounds for revising the age of granites pertaining to the Urulyungui
Complex and refining the age of the Unda Complex. 相似文献
928.
H. Dresmann N. Keulen Z. Timar-Geng B. Fügenschuh A. Wetzel H. Stünitz 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(2):285-297
The thermal history of the south-westernmost Black Forest (Germany) and the adjacent Upper Rhine Graben were constrained by
a combination of apatite and zircon fission-track (FT) and microstructural analyses. After intrusion of Palaeozoic granitic
plutons in the Black Forest, the thermal regime of the studied area re-equilibrated during the Late Permian and the Mesozoic,
interrupted by enhanced hydrothermal activity during the Jurassic. At the eastern flank of the Upper Rhine Graben along the
Main Border Fault the analysed samples show microstructural characteristics related to repeated tectonic and hydrothermal
activities. The integration of microstructural observations of the cataclastic fault gouge with the FT data identifies the
existence of repeated tectonic-related fluid flow events characterised by different thermal conditions. The older took place
during the Variscan and/or Mesozoic time at temperatures lower than 280°C, whereas the younger was probably contemporary with
the Cenozoic rifting of the Upper Rhine Graben at temperatures not higher than 150°C. 相似文献
929.
Huang Bolin Chen Lide Peng Xuanming Liu Guanning Chen Xiaoting Dong Haogang Lei Tianci 《Landslides》2010,7(1):1-11
In 2007 and 2008, six big damaging rockfalls occurred at four sites in Wu Gorge, the second gorge of the Three Gorges, China.
Detailed surveys and aerial-photographic interpretation identified 104 potentially dangerous rock masses. This paper reviews
previous rock-mass risk ratings, examines dangerous rock-mass structure and presents a new assessment system for rockfall
risk (ASRFR) in the Wu Gorge area. The ASRFR considers 15 factors: seven factors for hazard and eight factors for consequence.
Relative importance weights for these factors are ascertained using an analytic hierarchy process. Using an equation to calculate
the risk, the 104 dangerous rock masses were divided into three risk groups: high risk (33 sites), medium risk (33 sites)
and low risk (38 sites). The ASRFR analysis can be used to divide the shipping route through the Wu Gorge into seven courses
each of one of three classes: safe-route regions, yellow-alarm regions and red-alarm regions. The system provides geological
information and a rockfall-risk management tool for local government and the shipment-route department. 相似文献
930.